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GENESIS xxiii. 16. And Abraham weighed to Ephron the Silver which he had named, in the audience of the Sons of Heth, four hundred Shekels of Silver, currant Money with the Merchant.
GENESIS xxiii. 16. And Abraham weighed to Ephron the Silver which he had nam, in the audience of the Sons of Heth, four hundred Shekels of Silver, currant Money with the Merchant.
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AFter a generous Contest betwixt Ephron the Hittite, offering freely as a Gift the Cave of Machpelah, and Abraham handsomly refusing so to take it,
After a generous Contest betwixt Ephron the Hittite, offering freely as a Gift the Cave of Machpelah, and Abraham handsomely refusing so to take it,
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but desiring earnestly to purchase it for a possession of a burying-place amongst them, at an appointed Price, it was agreed, That he should pay Four hundred Shekels of Silver for it.
but desiring earnestly to purchase it for a possession of a burying-place among them, At an appointed Price, it was agreed, That he should pay Four hundred Shekels of Silver for it.
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And Moses tells us in the Text, That Abraham weighed to Ephron, &c. Of which Words, the Use that I intend to make, at present, will be this, to take occasion from them to consider.
And Moses tells us in the Text, That Abraham weighed to Ephron, etc. Of which Words, the Use that I intend to make, At present, will be this, to take occasion from them to Consider.
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First, The Use and Necessity of Money to the carrying on the Trade and Commerce of the World.First, The Use and Necessity of Money to the carrying on the Trade and Commerce of the World.
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Secondly, The Mischiefs of corrupting and debasing Money, the coyning of bad Metal, or the clipping and stealing from good.Secondly, The Mischiefs of corrupting and debasing Money, the coining of bad Metal, or the clipping and stealing from good.
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Thirdly, The Reasonableness and Justice of the Laws that punish such Offenders.Thirdly, The Reasonableness and justice of the Laws that Punish such Offenders.
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I. First, Of the Use and Necessity of Money to the carrying on the Trade and Commerce of the World.
I First, Of the Use and Necessity of Money to the carrying on the Trade and Commerce of the World.
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Men finding it, at first, impossible to subsist of themselves, and by the immediate Product of their own Labours, were constrain'd to have recourse to one another, to supply their Wants:
Men finding it, At First, impossible to subsist of themselves, and by the immediate Product of their own Labours, were constrained to have recourse to one Another, to supply their Wants:
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They carried what they had the greatest plenty of, and best could spare, to purchase what they needed most, at another's Hands;
They carried what they had the greatest plenty of, and best could spare, to purchase what they needed most, At another's Hands;
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who gave them what they came for, in consideration of what they brought, if he found it valuable with others, or useful to himself.
who gave them what they Come for, in consideration of what they brought, if he found it valuable with Others, or useful to himself.
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This was, it is agreed, the way Men took at first, in the Infancy of Time and Trade, to furnish themselves with the Necessaries,
This was, it is agreed, the Way Men took At First, in the Infancy of Time and Trade, to furnish themselves with the Necessaries,
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and some of the Conveniencies of Life, by Bartering and Exchanging one Commodity for another.
and Some of the Conveniences of Life, by Bartering and Exchanging one Commodity for Another.
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But this was found to be very inconvenient, upon the account of its being difficult to agree upon the Price and Value of what each had in his Possession;
But this was found to be very inconvenient, upon the account of its being difficult to agree upon the Price and Valve of what each had in his Possession;
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and the trouble of carrying and transporting Goods and Cattle from Place to Place, and losing oftentimes their Pains and Labour, by reason that no one wanted what they brought,
and the trouble of carrying and transporting Goods and Cattle from Place to Place, and losing oftentimes their Pains and Labour, by reason that no one wanted what they brought,
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nor would exchange, unless they would part with it, to their great loss. And therefore, to prevent these Inconveniencies, it was agreed upon (we know not when,
nor would exchange, unless they would part with it, to their great loss. And Therefore, to prevent these Inconveniences, it was agreed upon (we know not when,
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nor how, exactly) that something should be us'd in common by them all, with which they should be able to purchase every thing they wanted, from another;
nor how, exactly) that something should be used in Common by them all, with which they should be able to purchase every thing they wanted, from Another;
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and by which they might rate and value all things that they had themselves:
and by which they might rate and valve all things that they had themselves:
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To set up (in a word) some one particular thing, to be the common Measure of the Worth and Price of every thing besides:
To Set up (in a word) Some one particular thing, to be the Common Measure of the Worth and Price of every thing beside:
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And this was to be something that was portable, for ease and convenience; something durable, that it might not by constant use wear soon away;
And this was to be something that was portable, for ease and convenience; something durable, that it might not by constant use wear soon away;
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and something not over-scarce, nor overcommon;
and something not over-scarce, nor overcommon;
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and something, lastly, that was beautiful. All these Qualities concurring in Metals, such as Brass and Copper, Silver and Gold, they were each of them pitched upon, by several Nations, according to the Plenty,
and something, lastly, that was beautiful. All these Qualities concurring in Metals, such as Brass and Copper, Silver and Gold, they were each of them pitched upon, by several nations, according to the Plenty,
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or the Scarcity they had of them, to serve to all the above-nam'd Purposes:
or the Scarcity they had of them, to serve to all the abovenamed Purposes:
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And this great thing that was to counter-balance, and (as the Preacher says it does, Eccles. x. 19.) to answer all things else, was what we now call Money.
And this great thing that was to counterbalance, and (as the Preacher Says it does, Eccles. x. 19.) to answer all things Else, was what we now call Money.
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How long this thing has been in practice in the World, is of no great ▪ Use to enquire;
How long this thing has been in practice in the World, is of no great ▪ Use to inquire;
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the mention of it in the Text, is older than we can find in any Book besides, by at least Seven hundred Years,
the mention of it in the Text, is older than we can find in any Book beside, by At least Seven hundred years,
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and yet there is no doubt but Money was us'd before the Days of Abraham. But what is to our purpose to observe, is, That it was valued both by Buyer and Seller, according to its Weight; and all the Money that was received, was first weighed,
and yet there is no doubt but Money was used before the Days of Abraham. But what is to our purpose to observe, is, That it was valued both by Buyer and Seller, according to its Weight; and all the Money that was received, was First weighed,
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as being the only means to remedy the former Inconveniencies;
as being the only means to remedy the former Inconveniences;
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for by this, a Man was sure, that he received so much Money as he rated his Goods at,
for by this, a Man was sure, that he received so much Money as he rated his Goods At,
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and with which he might purchase as much of what he wanted, as he could have had in exchange for his Goods, without the trouble and hazard of carrying them up and down.
and with which he might purchase as much of what he wanted, as he could have had in exchange for his Goods, without the trouble and hazard of carrying them up and down.
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For Money is the common Pawn or Pledge, that one Man takes, in hopes of parting with it to another,
For Money is the Common Pawn or Pledge, that one Man Takes, in hope's of parting with it to Another,
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for what he wants, whenever he sees fit. But this could never be, unless its weight were certain and determin'd.
for what he Wants, whenever he sees fit. But this could never be, unless its weight were certain and determined.
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It is therefore sure, that weight is Mens security, and the true intrinsick worth of Money.
It is Therefore sure, that weight is Men's security, and the true intrinsic worth of Money.
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But because it was too troublesome, and took up too much time, to carry Scales,
But Because it was too troublesome, and took up too much time, to carry Scales,
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and weigh whatever they receiv'd, Men found it convenient to have a Stamp or Mark set upon every Piece, to signifie its weight and value;
and weigh whatever they received, Men found it convenient to have a Stamp or Mark Set upon every Piece, to signify its weight and valve;
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by which Men knew what they receiv'd or paid away, with little or no trouble. Yet something still was wanting to secure the truth of Payments:
by which Men knew what they received or paid away, with little or no trouble. Yet something still was wanting to secure the truth of Payments:
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Men might be fraudulent and false, and bring their Money, truly Mark'd and Stamp'd, and of a just Weight,
Men might be fraudulent and false, and bring their Money, truly Marked and Stamped, and of a just Weight,
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but of somewhat a baser Metal, and more alloy than it should truly be; by which a Trader should receive as much for quantity and denomination as he ought,
but of somewhat a baser Metal, and more alloy than it should truly be; by which a Trader should receive as much for quantity and denomination as he ought,
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but not of equal fineness and goodness with the current Coin. To guard Men therefore against all these Mischiefs,
but not of equal fineness and Goodness with the current Coin. To guard Men Therefore against all these Mischiefs,
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and to keep them from doing and receiving Injuries, and from imposing one upon another,
and to keep them from doing and receiving Injuries, and from imposing one upon Another,
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and to secure Trade, it was judged absolutely necessary to intrust the Kings and Governours of Nations with the Care and Charge of Coining all the Publick Money.
and to secure Trade, it was judged absolutely necessary to intrust the Kings and Governors of nations with the Care and Charge of Coining all the Public Money.
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For who are so fit as they, who are presum'd to be the Fathers of their People, the Men of greatest Honour and Integrity, who are the most concern'd,
For who Are so fit as they, who Are presumed to be the Father's of their People, the Men of greatest Honour and Integrity, who Are the most concerned,
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and have the most to win or lose, and who are appointed and set up by God and Man,
and have the most to win or loose, and who Are appointed and Set up by God and Man,
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for no other end and purpose than to consult, procure, and conserve the general Good of their respective People:
for no other end and purpose than to consult, procure, and conserve the general Good of their respective People:
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Who are so fit as they to have this Charge committed to them, that is of such Importance,
Who Are so fit as they to have this Charge committed to them, that is of such Importance,
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and so universal a concern? So that now we have the Publick Faith and Conscience, Interest and Honour, all engag'd to secure to the Receiver the Weight and Fineness of every single Piece of Money.
and so universal a concern? So that now we have the Public Faith and Conscience, Interest and Honour, all engaged to secure to the Receiver the Weight and Fineness of every single Piece of Money.
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The Heads of Princes are not only stamp'd for Ornament and Honour, and to declare who are and have been Governours of such a Nation,
The Heads of Princes Are not only stamped for Ornament and Honour, and to declare who Are and have been Governors of such a nation,
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but publickly to vouch the true intrinsick worth of every Piece, and tell Men that they there receive so much Silver,
but publicly to vouch the true intrinsic worth of every Piece, and tell Men that they there receive so much Silver,
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and of such a fineness, and that that Image warrants it: And for this cause it has been always highly Penal to Counterfeit the Publick Stamp,
and of such a fineness, and that that Image warrants it: And for this cause it has been always highly Penal to Counterfeit the Public Stamp,
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and to Coin Money, tho' of equal Weight and Goodness with the King's:
and to Coin Money, though of equal Weight and goodness with the King's:
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Not that any great evil is hereby done to any Man, but that if this were indulg'd to private People, the World would fall again into distrust and fear, into suspicion and uncertainty about their Money,
Not that any great evil is hereby done to any Man, but that if this were indulged to private People, the World would fallen again into distrust and Fear, into suspicion and uncertainty about their Money,
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and return anew to weighing and trying all they took. This is the short Account and History of Money.
and return anew to weighing and trying all they took. This is the short Account and History of Money.
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Necessity (which grows continually, and will do so to the World's end) first introduc'd the use of it;
Necessity (which grows continually, and will do so to the World's end) First introduced the use of it;
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and it could not be useful but by being the common Standard and Measure of the Price and Worth of every thing besides;
and it could not be useful but by being the Common Standard and Measure of the Price and Worth of every thing beside;
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and it could not be this, but by being of such a certain and determined Weight and Fineness;
and it could not be this, but by being of such a certain and determined Weight and Fineness;
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and of this we could not be secure, without much Pains and Trouble, but by entrusting the Coinage of it to Kings,
and of this we could not be secure, without much Pains and Trouble, but by entrusting the Coinage of it to Kings,
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and such as they Commissionate and Appoint, to see that the Commonwealth receive no dammage.
and such as they Commissionate and Appoint, to see that the Commonwealth receive no damage.
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II. We are now in the Second Place, to see the Mischiefs of corrupting and debasing Money, the Coining bad Metal,
II We Are now in the Second Place, to see the Mischiefs of corrupting and debasing Money, the Coining bad Metal,
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and the Clipping and Stealing from good.
and the Clipping and Stealing from good.
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The Coining even of good Metal and full Weight, is (we have seen above) of ill Example,
The Coining even of good Metal and full Weight, is (we have seen above) of ill Exampl,
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and of ill Consequence, when done by Private People, and without Authority, because it lays the way open to Deceit and Fraud,
and of ill Consequence, when done by Private People, and without authority, Because it lays the Way open to Deceit and Fraud,
cc pp-f j-jn n1, c-crq vdn p-acp j n1, cc p-acp n1, c-acp pn31 vvz dt n1 vvb p-acp n1 cc n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and takes away the Trust and Security Men have in the Princes faithful and honest dealing with them,
and Takes away the Trust and Security Men have in the Princes faithful and honest dealing with them,
cc vvz av dt n1 cc n1 n2 vhb p-acp dt ng1 j cc j n-vvg p-acp pno32,
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and brings them again to a state of jealousie and caution each of one another. But, to be sure, the Coining of bad Metal, must be mischievous:
and brings them again to a state of jealousy and caution each of one Another. But, to be sure, the Coining of bad Metal, must be mischievous:
cc vvz pno32 av p-acp dt n1 pp-f n1 cc n1 d pp-f crd j-jn. p-acp, pc-acp vbi j, dt vvg pp-f j n1, vmb vbi j:
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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Just so much Mischief and Injury must needs be done to every individual Man that takes it,
Just so much Mischief and Injury must needs be done to every Individu Man that Takes it,
av av d n1 cc n1 vmb av vbi vdn p-acp d j-jn n1 cst vvz pn31,
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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as there is wanting of the usual Weight and Fineness in each single Piece.
as there is wanting of the usual Weight and Fineness in each single Piece.
c-acp pc-acp vbz vvg pp-f dt j n1 cc n1 p-acp d j n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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Suppose, for instance, Men should mix one third of baser Metal with their Silver, and put it off for good and true,
Suppose, for instance, Men should mix one third of baser Metal with their Silver, and put it off for good and true,
vvb, p-acp n1, n2 vmd vvi crd ord pp-f jc n1 p-acp po32 n1, cc vvd pn31 a-acp p-acp j cc j,
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and such as it pretends to be;
and such as it pretends to be;
cc d c-acp pn31 vvz pc-acp vbi;
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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'tis manifest, that every one receiving such a Piece would be impos'd upon, and lose one third of what he ought to have:
it's manifest, that every one receiving such a Piece would be imposed upon, and loose one third of what he ought to have:
pn31|vbz j, cst d pi vvg d dt n1 vmd vbi vvn p-acp, cc vvi crd ord pp-f q-crq pns31 vmd pc-acp vhi:
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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For the Publick Faith engages, that every Man receiving a Piece of such a Mark and Denomination, shall receive in it so much Silver, and of such a Fineness;
For the Public Faith engages, that every Man receiving a Piece of such a Mark and Denomination, shall receive in it so much Silver, and of such a Fineness;
c-acp dt j n1 vvz, cst d n1 vvg dt n1 pp-f d dt n1 cc n1, vmb vvi p-acp pn31 av av-d n1, cc pp-f d dt n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and here a Man receives but Twenty Pence for Half a Crown, whose Stamp proclaims it is to go for Thirty. The Case indeed is not so well as I put it,
and Here a Man receives but Twenty Pence for Half a Crown, whose Stamp proclaims it is to go for Thirty. The Case indeed is not so well as I put it,
cc av dt n1 vvz p-acp crd n2 p-acp j-jn dt n1, rg-crq n1 vvz pn31 vbz pc-acp vvi p-acp crd. dt n1 av vbz xx av av c-acp pns11 vvd pn31,
(7) part (DIV2)
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for they who Coin false Money, give us neither a fifth nor sixth part of good Silver;
for they who Coin false Money, give us neither a fifth nor sixth part of good Silver;
c-acp pns32 r-crq vvb j n1, vvb pno12 d dt ord ccx ord n1 pp-f j n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and all that is wanting is so much Cheat and real Injury: So that that impudent Demand of Who is hereby Wronged? can find no Place;
and all that is wanting is so much Cheat and real Injury: So that that impudent Demand of Who is hereby Wronged? can find no Place;
cc d cst vbz vvg vbz av av-d vvi cc j n1: av cst d j vvb pp-f r-crq vbz av vvn? vmb vvi dx n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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for every one is wronged that takes this Money, and every one is actually a loser more or less, by reason it quickly stops, and is not currant:
for every one is wronged that Takes this Money, and every one is actually a loser more or less, by reason it quickly stops, and is not currant:
p-acp d pi vbz vvn cst vvz d n1, cc d pi vbz av-j dt n1 av-dc cc av-dc, p-acp n1 pn31 av-j vvz, cc vbz xx n1:
(7) part (DIV2)
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Here every body sees and feels the Injury;
Here every body sees and feels the Injury;
av d n1 vvz cc vvz dt n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and if it falls upon the Poor and Labouring Man, he loses, it may be his Day's Work,
and if it falls upon the Poor and Labouring Man, he loses, it may be his Day's Work,
cc cs pn31 vvz p-acp dt j cc j-vvg n1, pns31 vvz, pn31 vmb vbi po31 n1|vbz n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and the Family its Subsistence and Provision:
and the Family its Subsistence and Provision:
cc dt n1 po31 n1 cc n1:
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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But I put the Case so fair, that I may not multiply particulars, but join the Clipping of good Money with the Coining of bad,
But I put the Case so fair, that I may not multiply particulars, but join the Clipping of good Money with the Coining of bad,
cc-acp pns11 vvd dt n1 av j, cst pns11 vmb xx vvi n2-jn, cc-acp vvb dt vvg pp-f j n1 p-acp dt vvg pp-f j,
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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and mixing baser Metal with Silver:
and mixing baser Metal with Silver:
cc vvg jc n1 p-acp n1:
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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For if Half a Crown be Clip'd to Twenty Pence, it is equal to Half a Crown not Clip'd, that has but Twenty Pence of Silver in it.
For if Half a Crown be Clipped to Twenty Pence, it is equal to Half a Crown not Clipped, that has but Twenty Pence of Silver in it.
c-acp cs j-jn dt n1 vbi vvn p-acp crd n2, pn31 vbz j-jn p-acp j-jn dt n1 xx vvn, cst vhz cc-acp crd n2 pp-f n1 p-acp pn31.
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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And the Injury to Private People is the same;
And the Injury to Private People is the same;
cc dt n1 p-acp j n1 vbz dt d;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and therefore I consider them as one and the same Offence, in that they both alike defraud the Receiver of what is his due; for there the Injustice lies:
and Therefore I Consider them as one and the same Offence, in that they both alike defraud the Receiver of what is his endue; for there the Injustice lies:
cc av pns11 vvb pno32 p-acp crd cc dt d n1, p-acp cst pns32 d av-j vvi dt n1 pp-f r-crq vbz po31 n-jn; c-acp a-acp dt n1 vvz:
(7) part (DIV2)
9
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that is the Sin at the bottom;
that is the since At the bottom;
cst vbz dt n1 p-acp dt n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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there is so much stollen from every Man as there is less given him than he should receive.
there is so much stolen from every Man as there is less given him than he should receive.
pc-acp vbz av av-d vvn p-acp d n1 c-acp pc-acp vbz av-dc vvn pno31 cs pns31 vmd vvi.
(7) part (DIV2)
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And this administers occasion to People, either Strangers or Natives, to Cheat us even with true Silver;
And this administers occasion to People, either Strangers or Natives, to Cheat us even with true Silver;
cc d n2 n1 p-acp n1, d n2 cc n2-jn, pc-acp vvi pno12 av p-acp j n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
10
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for they may secretly Coin us (as 'tis probable they do) a great deal of true Silver,
for they may secretly Coin us (as it's probable they do) a great deal of true Silver,
c-acp pns32 vmb av-jn vvi pno12 (c-acp pn31|vbz j pns32 vdb) dt j n1 pp-f j n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
10
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but not of full Weight, and putting it off under the shelter of Clip'd Money, do gain thereby at least one third.
but not of full Weight, and putting it off under the shelter of Clipped Money, do gain thereby At least one third.
cc-acp xx pp-f j n1, cc vvg pn31 a-acp p-acp dt n1 pp-f vvn n1, vdb vvi av p-acp ds crd ord.
(7) part (DIV2)
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Now no one gains but what another loses in such Bargains.
Now no one gains but what Another loses in such Bargains.
av dx pi vvz cc-acp r-crq j-jn vvz p-acp d n2.
(7) part (DIV2)
10
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By this the Foreigners (that are but dextrous and will venture) have opportunity of purchasing what Commodities they please,
By this the Foreigners (that Are but dextrous and will venture) have opportunity of purchasing what Commodities they please,
p-acp d dt n2 (cst vbr p-acp j cc vmb vvi) vhb n1 pp-f vvg r-crq n2 pns32 vvb,
(7) part (DIV2)
10
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and paying us with little Money, for which they must otherwise (were there no Money Clip'd) give us good Silver,
and paying us with little Money, for which they must otherwise (were there no Money Clipped) give us good Silver,
cc vvg pno12 p-acp j n1, p-acp r-crq pns32 vmb av (vbdr a-acp dx n1 vvn) vvb pno12 j n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
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and full Weight, either of theirs, or our own Coin.
and full Weight, either of theirs, or our own Coin.
cc j n1, av-d pp-f png32, cc po12 d np1
(7) part (DIV2)
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Thus Clipping lays us open to the Cheats and Injuries of all the World, as well as of our own People.
Thus Clipping lays us open to the Cheats and Injuries of all the World, as well as of our own People.
av vvg vvz pno12 vvi p-acp dt vvz cc n2 pp-f d dt n1, c-acp av c-acp pp-f po12 d n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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I do not say that Strangers do, but that they may improve the Villany and Injustice of our own Clippers, to their own advantage, and to our farther Mischief;
I do not say that Strangers do, but that they may improve the Villainy and Injustice of our own Clippers, to their own advantage, and to our farther Mischief;
pns11 vdb xx vvi cst ng1 vdb, p-acp cst pns32 vmb vvi dt n1 cc n1 pp-f po12 d n2, p-acp po32 d n1, cc p-acp po12 jc n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
11
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and 'tis a wonder if they do not:
and it's a wonder if they do not:
cc pn31|vbz dt n1 cs pns32 vdb xx:
(7) part (DIV2)
11
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For it is not very likely that one Nation should raise the value of its Money above its true intrinsick worth (which is indeed its Weight and Fineness) but that its Neighbours will have some advantage by it, by Importing Money of the like Weight with that which goes Currant.
For it is not very likely that one nation should raise the valve of its Money above its true intrinsic worth (which is indeed its Weight and Fineness) but that its Neighbours will have Some advantage by it, by Importing Money of the like Weight with that which Goes Currant.
c-acp pn31 vbz xx av j cst pi n1 vmd vvi dt n1 pp-f po31 n1 p-acp po31 j j n1 (r-crq vbz av po31 n1 cc n1) cc-acp cst po31 n2 vmb vhi d n1 p-acp pn31, p-acp vvg n1 pp-f dt j n1 p-acp d r-crq vvz n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
11
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Now the passing of Money Clip'd, for Money of just Weight, is, in effect and truth, raising our Money,
Now the passing of Money Clipped, for Money of just Weight, is, in Effect and truth, raising our Money,
av dt n-vvg pp-f n1 vvn, p-acp n1 pp-f j n1, vbz, p-acp n1 cc n1, vvg po12 n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
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and making that to go for Thirty Pence, which is indeed but worth Twenty. And therefore there is, at least, some hazard of Foreigners Coining and Importing Money of equal Weight and Fineness with our own, which cannot possibly be done, without our great prejudice:
and making that to go for Thirty Pence, which is indeed but worth Twenty. And Therefore there is, At least, Some hazard of Foreigners Coining and Importing Money of equal Weight and Fineness with our own, which cannot possibly be done, without our great prejudice:
cc vvg cst pc-acp vvi p-acp crd n2, r-crq vbz av p-acp j crd. cc av pc-acp vbz, p-acp ds, d n1 pp-f n2 vvg cc vvg n1 pp-f j-jn n1 cc n1 p-acp po12 d, r-crq vmbx av-j vbi vdn, p-acp po12 j n1:
(7) part (DIV2)
11
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Now this could never come to pass without our Clipping, for that alone it is that gives them opportunity;
Now this could never come to pass without our Clipping, for that alone it is that gives them opportunity;
av d vmd av vvi pc-acp vvi p-acp po12 vvg, c-acp cst av-j pn31 vbz cst vvz pno32 n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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that is the handle they may take their hold of:
that is the handle they may take their hold of:
d vbz dt n1 pns32 vmb vvi po32 n1 pp-f:
(7) part (DIV2)
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And if we do not see Money of this kind pass commonly about, it is no Argument that there is none Imported from abroad,
And if we do not see Money of this kind pass commonly about, it is no Argument that there is none Imported from abroad,
cc cs pns12 vdb xx vvi n1 pp-f d n1 vvi av-j a-acp, pn31 vbz dx n1 cst a-acp vbz pix vvn p-acp av,
(7) part (DIV2)
11
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nor Coin'd at home, for a little Art is sufficient (they say) to cover that deceit,
nor Coined At home, for a little Art is sufficient (they say) to cover that deceit,
ccx j-vvn a-acp n1-an, p-acp dt j n1 vbz j (pns32 vvb) pc-acp vvi d n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
11
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and make it pass for old.
and make it pass for old.
cc vvi pn31 vvi p-acp j.
(7) part (DIV2)
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Well, but the Money passes still for good and currant Coin, and where is then the Mischief? a little Shilling buys as much as a great one,
Well, but the Money passes still for good and currant Coin, and where is then the Mischief? a little Shilling buys as much as a great one,
av, cc-acp dt n1 vvz av p-acp j cc n1 n1, cc q-crq vbz av dt n1? dt j n1 vvz p-acp d c-acp dt j pi,
(7) part (DIV2)
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and the Name and Character of Pieces are as good a Standard and Measure of the Price and Worth of all things else,
and the Name and Character of Pieces Are as good a Standard and Measure of the Price and Worth of all things Else,
cc dt n1 cc n1 pp-f n2 vbr a-acp j dt n1 cc n1 pp-f dt n1 cc n1 pp-f d n2 av,
(7) part (DIV2)
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as if they were full Weight, and answered to their Name and Character;
as if they were full Weight, and answered to their Name and Character;
c-acp cs pns32 vbdr j n1, cc vvd p-acp po32 n1 cc n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and therefore where is the Offence and Injury? who is hereby wronged? This indeed is the last resort of all the Patrons of this Practice;
and Therefore where is the Offence and Injury? who is hereby wronged? This indeed is the last resort of all the Patrons of this Practice;
cc av q-crq vbz dt n1 cc n1? q-crq vbz av vvn? np1 av vbz dt ord n1 pp-f d dt n2 pp-f d n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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the Refuge to which the Guilty fly themselves, and the consideration that stirs the Peoples pitty at their Sufferings;
the Refuge to which the Guilty fly themselves, and the consideration that stirs the Peoples pity At their Sufferings;
dt n1 p-acp r-crq dt j n1 px32, cc dt n1 cst vvz dt ng1 n1 p-acp po32 n2;
(7) part (DIV2)
12
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they think that hereby none is Injur'd, but this is a mistake, for every one is Injur'd more or less by Clipping.
they think that hereby none is Injured, but this is a mistake, for every one is Injured more or less by Clipping.
pns32 vvb cst av pix vbz vvn, cc-acp d vbz dt n1, p-acp d pi vbz vvn av-dc cc av-dc p-acp vvg.
(7) part (DIV2)
12
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The Merchant that Exports more Goods from home, than he Imports from abroad, must unavoidably discharge the over-ballance with good Money;
The Merchant that Exports more Goods from home, than he Imports from abroad, must avoidable discharge the overbalance with good Money;
dt n1 cst vvz av-dc n2-j p-acp n1-an, cs pns31 vvz p-acp av, vmb av-j vvi dt n1 p-acp j n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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this he can never do with Clip'd, for it is not Caesar's Face and Titles, but Weight and Goodness that procure Credit:
this he can never do with Clipped, for it is not Caesar's Face and Titles, but Weight and goodness that procure Credit:
d pns31 vmb av-x vdi p-acp vvn, c-acp pn31 vbz xx npg1 n1 cc n2, p-acp n1 cc n1 cst vvb n1:
(7) part (DIV2)
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And if a Foreigner Import more of his Country Goods than he carries away of ours, the over-ballance must be paid in weighty Money,
And if a Foreigner Import more of his Country Goods than he carries away of ours, the overbalance must be paid in weighty Money,
cc cs dt n1 n1 av-dc pp-f po31 n1 n2-j cs pns31 vvz av pp-f png12, dt n1 vmb vbi vvn p-acp j n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
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for the Clip'd will not go abroad:
for the Clipped will not go abroad:
p-acp dt vvn vmb xx vvi av:
(7) part (DIV2)
12
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Now, if the Exportation of our weighty Money (which is only now the Mill'd) be a mischief to the Nation, we see it is occasion'd chiefly by the Clipping:
Now, if the Exportation of our weighty Money (which is only now the Milled) be a mischief to the nation, we see it is occasioned chiefly by the Clipping:
av, cs dt n1 pp-f po12 j n1 (r-crq vbz av-j av dt vvd) vbb dt n1 p-acp dt n1, pns12 vvb pn31 vbz vvn av-jn p-acp dt vvg:
(7) part (DIV2)
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for if the Old were of the same due Weight with the New (as it is before these Thieves steal from it) the New and Old would be Exported alike;
for if the Old were of the same due Weight with the New (as it is before these Thieves steal from it) the New and Old would be Exported alike;
c-acp cs dt j vbdr pp-f dt d j-jn n1 p-acp dt j (c-acp pn31 vbz p-acp d n2 vvi p-acp pn31) dt j cc j vmd vbi vvn av;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and then the Complaint would only be of the Exportation of Money in general; which, whether it be Good or Evil to a Nation, I have nothing to say:
and then the Complaint would only be of the Exportation of Money in general; which, whither it be Good or Evil to a nation, I have nothing to say:
cc av dt n1 vmd av-j vbi pp-f dt n1 pp-f n1 p-acp n1; r-crq, cs pn31 vbb j cc j-jn p-acp dt n1, pns11 vhb pix pc-acp vvi:
(7) part (DIV2)
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Only one cannot help seeing, that as there is Law on one side, so there is unavoidable Necessity on the other,
Only one cannot help seeing, that as there is Law on one side, so there is unavoidable Necessity on the other,
av-j crd vmbx vvi vvg, cst c-acp pc-acp vbz n1 p-acp crd n1, av pc-acp vbz j n1 p-acp dt n-jn,
(7) part (DIV2)
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if we Import more Foreign Goods than we carry out of our own Kingdom.
if we Import more Foreign Goods than we carry out of our own Kingdom.
cs pns12 n1 av-dc j n2-j cs pns12 vvb av pp-f po12 d n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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I am only concern'd to say, that if Exporting our New-Money be a mischief, it is owing especially to the Clipping of the Old;
I am only concerned to say, that if Exporting our New-Money be a mischief, it is owing especially to the Clipping of the Old;
pns11 vbm av-j vvn pc-acp vvi, cst cs vvg po12 n1 vbi dt n1, pn31 vbz vvg av-j p-acp dt vvg pp-f dt j;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and that therefore Clipping is Injurious.
and that Therefore Clipping is Injurious.
cc cst av vvg vbz j.
(7) part (DIV2)
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And if we do not give these Foreigners our weighty Money in exchange for their Commodities,
And if we do not give these Foreigners our weighty Money in exchange for their Commodities,
cc cs pns12 vdb xx vvi d n2 po12 j n1 p-acp n1 p-acp po32 n2,
(7) part (DIV2)
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because we cannot get it, yet we must give them Goods proportionably more or better; They will not be Losers by our Clipping:
Because we cannot get it, yet we must give them Goods proportionably more or better; They will not be Losers by our Clipping:
c-acp pns12 vmbx vvi pn31, av pns12 vmb vvi pno32 n2-j av-j av-dc cc jc; pns32 vmb xx vbi n2 p-acp po12 vvg:
(7) part (DIV2)
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They will either contract for Money of full Weight (if they be to carry Money home,
They will either contract for Money of full Weight (if they be to carry Money home,
pns32 vmb av-d vvi p-acp n1 pp-f j n1 (cs pns32 vbb pc-acp vvi n1 av-an,
(7) part (DIV2)
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or to another Trading Country) or for proportionable allowance in the Goods they take for what they bring.
or to Another Trading Country) or for proportionable allowance in the Goods they take for what they bring.
cc p-acp j-jn np1 n1) cc p-acp j n1 p-acp dt n2-j pns32 vvb p-acp r-crq pns32 vvb.
(7) part (DIV2)
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And what is the consequence of a Merchant's paying more for what he buys of a Foreigner,
And what is the consequence of a Merchant's paying more for what he buys of a Foreigner,
cc q-crq vbz dt n1 pp-f dt ng1 vvg n1 p-acp r-crq pns31 vvz pp-f dt n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
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but that he will ask a better Price of the Retailer? And the Consequence of that must needs be, that every one that buys must make amends for the Defect of clip'd Money.
but that he will ask a better Price of the Retailer? And the Consequence of that must needs be, that every one that buys must make amends for the Defect of clipped Money.
cc-acp cst pns31 vmb vvi dt jc n1 pp-f dt n1? cc dt n1 pp-f d vmb av vbi, cst d pi cst vvz vmb vvi n2 p-acp dt n1 pp-f vvn n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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And thus the Injury is universal;
And thus the Injury is universal;
cc av dt n1 vbz j;
(7) part (DIV2)
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all that consume Commodities of Foreign growth or make, are affected more or less by this first Injury;
all that consume Commodities of Foreign growth or make, Are affected more or less by this First Injury;
d cst vvb n2 pp-f j n1 cc vvi, vbr vvn av-dc cc av-dc p-acp d ord n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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but because the Mischief is so general, and diffus'd, and at such distance and remove, Men either think not at all, or but slightly of it.
but Because the Mischief is so general, and diffused, and At such distance and remove, Men either think not At all, or but slightly of it.
cc-acp c-acp dt n1 vbz av j, cc vvn, cc p-acp d n1 cc n1, n2 d vvb xx p-acp d, cc p-acp av-j pp-f pn31.
(7) part (DIV2)
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An Instance, it may be, will make the Matter plain to every one.
an Instance, it may be, will make the Matter plain to every one.
dt n1, pn31 vmb vbi, vmb vvi dt n1 n1 p-acp d crd.
(7) part (DIV2)
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Suppose then that a Foreigner import (and it is the same thing, as if we fetch'd) from abroad, Goods to the value of Thirty thousand Pounds;
Suppose then that a Foreigner import (and it is the same thing, as if we fetched) from abroad, Goods to the valve of Thirty thousand Pounds;
vvb av cst dt n1 n1 (cc pn31 vbz dt d n1, c-acp cs pns12 vvd) p-acp av, n2-j p-acp dt n1 pp-f crd crd n2;
(7) part (DIV2)
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but it is Silver only, and not Goods that he will have in exchange for what he brings:
but it is Silver only, and not Goods that he will have in exchange for what he brings:
cc-acp pn31 vbz n1 av-j, cc xx n2-j cst pns31 vmb vhi p-acp n1 p-acp r-crq pns31 vvz:
(7) part (DIV2)
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You are therefore sure, that he means not Thirty thousand Pounds in clip'd Money, for that he sees is no more worth than Twenty;
You Are Therefore sure, that he means not Thirty thousand Pounds in clipped Money, for that he sees is not more worth than Twenty;
pn22 vbr av j, cst pns31 vvz xx crd crd n2 p-acp vvn n1, c-acp cst pns31 vvz vbz xx av-dc j cs crd;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and you may call it how, or what you please, at home, but it is not,
and you may call it how, or what you please, At home, but it is not,
cc pn22 vmb vvi pn31 c-crq, cc r-crq pn22 vvb, p-acp n1-an, cc-acp pn31 vbz xx,
(7) part (DIV2)
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as the Text expresses it, Money currant with the Merchant; i. e. with one that Trades abroad, unless it be of full Weight.
as the Text Expresses it, Money currant with the Merchant; i. e. with one that Trades abroad, unless it be of full Weight.
c-acp dt n1 vvz pn31, n1 n1 p-acp dt n1; uh. sy. p-acp crd d n2 av, cs pn31 vbb pp-f j n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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The Commerce therefore is at an end, unless you can procure him full Money;
The Commerce Therefore is At an end, unless you can procure him full Money;
dt n1 av vbz p-acp dt n1, cs pn22 vmb vvi pno31 j n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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which being impossible, (we may well enough suppose it so, for so it will shortly be, without all peradventure) it must be made up of the clip'd,
which being impossible, (we may well enough suppose it so, for so it will shortly be, without all Peradventure) it must be made up of the clipped,
r-crq vbg j, (pns12 vmb av av-d vvi pn31 av, c-acp av pn31 vmb av-j vbi, p-acp d av) pn31 vmb vbi vvn a-acp pp-f dt vvn,
(7) part (DIV2)
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and then he receives what is but as Thirty to him, but it may be very near Forty from us.
and then he receives what is but as Thirty to him, but it may be very near Forty from us.
cc av pns31 vvz r-crq vbz cc-acp c-acp crd p-acp pno31, cc-acp pn31 vmb vbi av j crd p-acp pno12.
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And who must make up this, but we that buy these Goods at second, or third,
And who must make up this, but we that buy these Goods At second, or third,
cc q-crq vmb vvi a-acp d, cc-acp pns12 cst vvb d n2-j p-acp vvi, cc ord,
(7) part (DIV2)
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or farther hand? The Merchant will not sell that for Thirty which cost him Forty, we may be sure;
or farther hand? The Merchant will not fell that for Thirty which cost him Forty, we may be sure;
cc jc n1? dt n1 vmb xx vvi cst p-acp crd r-crq vvd pno31 crd, pns12 vmb vbi j;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and therefore it is evident, to a Demonstration, That every one pays proportionably more for what he buys, by reason of Clipping,
and Therefore it is evident, to a Demonstration, That every one pays proportionably more for what he buys, by reason of Clipping,
cc av pn31 vbz j, p-acp dt n1, cst d pi vvz av-j av-dc p-acp r-crq pns31 vvz, p-acp n1 pp-f vvg,
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and therefore every one is cheated by it, and cheated constantly, altho' he mind not the particulars.
and Therefore every one is cheated by it, and cheated constantly, although he mind not the particulars.
cc av d pi vbz vvn p-acp pn31, cc vvn av-j, cs pns31 vvb xx dt n2-jn.
(7) part (DIV2)
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This Evil is indeed avoided, where Foreigners will take our clip'd Money, in assurance of putting it off again,
This Evil is indeed avoided, where Foreigners will take our clipped Money, in assurance of putting it off again,
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(7) part (DIV2)
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for Goods they want to carry home; but it is only avoided for the present; the Nation will unquestionably feel it, ere long, to their great smart;
for Goods they want to carry home; but it is only avoided for the present; the nation will unquestionably feel it, ere long, to their great smart;
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the Punishment is indeed deferr'd, but every one knows that that is no acquittance. Suppose a little farther.
the Punishment is indeed deferred, but every one knows that that is no acquittance. Suppose a little farther.
dt n1 vbz av vvn, cc-acp d pi vvz d cst vbz dx n1. vvb dt j av-jc.
(7) part (DIV2)
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That a Company of ill-designing People should buy up all the Plate in London and pay for it in clip'd Money:
That a Company of ill-designing People should buy up all the Plate in London and pay for it in clipped Money:
cst dt n1 pp-f j n1 vmd vvi a-acp d dt n1 p-acp np1 cc vvi p-acp pn31 p-acp vvn n1:
(7) part (DIV2)
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The Goldsmiths will by these means give more away than they receive, by at least one third of Sterling Silver.
The Goldsmiths will by these means give more away than they receive, by At least one third of Sterling Silver.
dt n2 vmb p-acp d n2 vvb av-dc av cs pns32 vvb, p-acp p-acp ds crd ord pp-f j-jn n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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This opens the way to their prodigious loss, for if the Money should be call'd in then, (and why not then,
This Opens the Way to their prodigious loss, for if the Money should be called in then, (and why not then,
np1 vvz dt n1 p-acp po32 j n1, c-acp cs dt n1 vmd vbi vvn p-acp av, (cc q-crq xx av,
(7) part (DIV2)
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as well as any time after or besides?) they must undoubtedly be losers so much by it;
as well as any time After or beside?) they must undoubtedly be losers so much by it;
c-acp av c-acp d n1 p-acp cc a-acp?) pns32 vmb av-j vbi n2 av av-d p-acp pn31;
(7) part (DIV2)
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and why should any Body of Men be so expos'd to Ruine, by such Villainy? Well,
and why should any Body of Men be so exposed to Ruin, by such Villainy? Well,
cc q-crq vmd d n1 pp-f n2 vbb av vvn p-acp n1, p-acp d n1? uh-av,
(7) part (DIV2)
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but they are content to Traffick at this Rate; yes, and so must every one besides, by a strong Necessity;
but they Are content to Traffic At this Rate; yes, and so must every one beside, by a strong Necessity;
cc-acp pns32 vbr j p-acp n1 p-acp d vvb; uh, cc av vmb d pi a-acp, p-acp dt j n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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but it is still in hopes that they shall pass away what they receive, at the same Price:
but it is still in hope's that they shall pass away what they receive, At the same Price:
cc-acp pn31 vbz av p-acp n2 cst pns32 vmb vvi av r-crq pns32 vvb, p-acp dt d n1:
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But will not this Hope perish sometime or other? Yes, unquestionably, but because we know not when, we do not value it.
But will not this Hope perish sometime or other? Yes, unquestionably, but Because we know not when, we do not valve it.
cc-acp vmb xx d n1 vvi av cc j-jn? uh, av-j, cc-acp c-acp pns12 vvb xx c-crq, pns12 vdb xx vvi pn31.
(7) part (DIV2)
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But is not Clipping, notwithstanding this uncertainty of Time, an Injury and piece of Theft? Because we do not feel at present, do we never fear a Mischief for the future? We think not so weakly in any other Case.
But is not Clipping, notwithstanding this uncertainty of Time, an Injury and piece of Theft? Because we do not feel At present, do we never Fear a Mischief for the future? We think not so weakly in any other Case.
cc-acp vbz xx vvg, c-acp d n1 pp-f n1, dt n1 cc n1 pp-f n1? c-acp pns12 vdb xx vvi p-acp j, vdb pns12 av-x vvb dt n1 p-acp dt j-jn? pns12 vvb xx av av-j p-acp d j-jn n1.
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What makes Men plant, in their Estates, the Trees, they know that they shall never reap the Fruits of? What makes them build the Houses, that will last for many Generations after they are dead and gone,
What makes Men plant, in their Estates, the Trees, they know that they shall never reap the Fruits of? What makes them built the Houses, that will last for many Generations After they Are dead and gone,
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but the Care and Concern they have for their Posterity, that it may be well with their Children,
but the Care and Concern they have for their Posterity, that it may be well with their Children,
cc-acp dt n1 cc vvb pns32 vhb p-acp po32 n1, cst pn31 vmb vbi av p-acp po32 n2,
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and with their Childrens Children after them? We see Men guard, in all their Contracts,
and with their Children's Children After them? We see Men guard, in all their Contracts,
cc p-acp po32 ng2 n2 p-acp pno32? pns12 vvb n2 vvi, p-acp d po32 n2,
(7) part (DIV2)
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as much against Evils to come, as those that are present, or near at hand.
as much against Evils to come, as those that Are present, or near At hand.
c-acp d p-acp n2-jn pc-acp vvi, c-acp d cst vbr j, cc av-j p-acp n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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If a Man should undermine our House, we should not be content and easie, altho' the Men of skill should assure us, it would last and our time, with all security;
If a Man should undermine our House, we should not be content and easy, although the Men of skill should assure us, it would last and our time, with all security;
cs dt n1 vmd vvi po12 n1, pns12 vmd xx vbi j cc j, cs dt n2 pp-f n1 vmd vvi pno12, pn31 vmd vvi cc po12 n1, p-acp d n1;
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we should be fearful that it might not do so; or if it should, we should be careful for our Children.
we should be fearful that it might not do so; or if it should, we should be careful for our Children.
pns12 vmd vbi j cst pn31 vmd xx vdi av; cc cs pn31 vmd, pns12 vmd vbi j p-acp po12 n2.
(7) part (DIV2)
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Whoever lays the Foundation of our Misery, does then begin to make us miserable, tho' we may not feel it for some time after.
Whoever lays the Foundation of our Misery, does then begin to make us miserable, though we may not feel it for Some time After.
r-crq vvz dt n1 pp-f po12 n1, vdz av vvi pc-acp vvi pno12 j, cs pns12 vmb xx vvi pn31 p-acp d n1 a-acp.
(7) part (DIV2)
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So when we decline towards old Age, we often find our selves pain'd and diseas'd, with the Strains that happened in Youth,
So when we decline towards old Age, we often find our selves pained and diseased, with the Strains that happened in Youth,
av c-crq pns12 vvb p-acp j n1, pns12 av vvb po12 n2 vvn cc vvn, p-acp dt vvz cst vvd p-acp n1,
(7) part (DIV2)
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and vigorous Exercises, which then were over-look'd and quite neglected.
and vigorous Exercises, which then were overlooked and quite neglected.
cc j n2, r-crq av vbdr j cc av vvn.
(7) part (DIV2)
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No one can tell exactly when this Mischief will break out, and what the Effects will be;
No one can tell exactly when this Mischief will break out, and what the Effects will be;
uh-dx crd vmb vvi av-j c-crq d n1 vmb vvi av, cc q-crq dt n2 vmb vbi;
(7) part (DIV2)
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but let them be as kind as they can, they will be very heavy to the Nation.
but let them be as kind as they can, they will be very heavy to the nation.
cc-acp vvb pno32 vbi p-acp j c-acp pns32 vmb, pns32 vmb vbi av j p-acp dt n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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When once the suspicion of calling in this Money shall appear, there will unavoidably be a suddain stop of Trade, among Retailers, for some time;
When once the suspicion of calling in this Money shall appear, there will avoidable be a sudden stop of Trade, among Retailers, for Some time;
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for no one will receive what he is sure to lose by; and this, tho' it be short, will yet be hard and grievous to mean People,
for no one will receive what he is sure to loose by; and this, though it be short, will yet be hard and grievous to mean People,
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and such as live by the Day, who will not know how to find themselves and Families with Necessaries for some space of time, till Money get into its old Current.
and such as live by the Day, who will not know how to find themselves and Families with Necessaries for Some Molle of time, till Money get into its old Current.
cc d c-acp vvi p-acp dt n1, r-crq vmb xx vvi c-crq pc-acp vvi px32 cc n2 p-acp n2-j p-acp d n1 pp-f n1, c-acp n1 vvb p-acp po31 j n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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This Mischief may appear short and inconsiderable;
This Mischief may appear short and inconsiderable;
d n1 vmb vvi j cc j;
(7) part (DIV2)
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but be it so, what is the Good that counter-balances it? What need is there of any Mischief? Why should these Villains hazard the Distress and Misery of poor and labouring People,
but be it so, what is the Good that counterbalances it? What need is there of any Mischief? Why should these Villains hazard the Distress and Misery of poor and labouring People,
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tho' it were but for a Week? The Common People then, will see and feel the Injury and Mischief that is done by Clipping, which now they cannot understand, or will not well consider.
though it were but for a Week? The Common People then, will see and feel the Injury and Mischief that is done by Clipping, which now they cannot understand, or will not well Consider.
cs pn31 vbdr cc-acp p-acp dt n1? dt j n1 av, vmb vvi cc vvi dt n1 cc n1 cst vbz vdn p-acp vvg, r-crq av pns32 vmbx vvi, cc vmb xx av vvi.
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They will find that the little Money they then have, will not go for more than its just weight;
They will find that the little Money they then have, will not go for more than its just weight;
pns32 vmb vvi d dt j n1 pns32 av vhb, vmb xx vvi p-acp dc cs po31 j n1;
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and be convinc'd by Hunger and Thirst, that Clippers are as truly Thieves and Robbers,
and be convinced by Hunger and Thirst, that Clippers Are as truly Thieves and Robbers,
cc vbb vvd p-acp n1 cc n1, cst n2 vbr a-acp av-j n2 cc n2,
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as those they find upon the High-ways, or breaking up their Houses, and do as well deserve their Chains and Halters.
as those they find upon the Highways, or breaking up their Houses, and do as well deserve their Chains and Halters.
c-acp d pns32 vvb p-acp dt n2, cc vvg a-acp po32 n2, cc vdb c-acp av vvi po32 n2 cc n2.
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And who can tell, whether every single Person must not bear his own Burthen, and stand to the loss of all that is wanting of due Weight, of all the Money he is Master of? And if he must, the Cry will be like that of Egypt, loud and universal,
And who can tell, whither every single Person must not bear his own Burden, and stand to the loss of all that is wanting of due Weight, of all the Money he is Master of? And if he must, the Cry will be like that of Egypt, loud and universal,
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for every Family will be a loser: But it will fall severest on the Poor, who from a little can spare none.
for every Family will be a loser: But it will fallen Severest on the Poor, who from a little can spare none.
c-acp d n1 vmb vbi dt n1: cc-acp pn31 vmb vvi js p-acp dt j, r-crq p-acp dt j vmb vvi pix.
(7) part (DIV2)
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One of our Historians [ W. Hemingford, Anno 1180. ] tells us, That in H. the Second 's time, the Money of the Kingdom was so corrupt, that it was fain to be chang'd and call'd in:
One of our Historians [ W. Hemingford, Anno 1180. ] tells us, That in H. the Second is time, the Money of the Kingdom was so corrupt, that it was fain to be changed and called in:
crd pp-f po12 n2 [ np1 np1, fw-la crd ] vvz pno12, cst p-acp np1 dt ord vbz n1, dt n1 pp-f dt n1 vbds av j, cst pn31 vbds av-j pc-acp vbi vvn cc vvn p-acp:
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It was indeed necessary, but it fell exceeding hard upon the Poor and Country-People. So it was also in the time of Hen. III.
It was indeed necessary, but it fell exceeding hard upon the Poor and Country-People. So it was also in the time of Hen. III.
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(7) part (DIV2)
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upon calling in the old and clip'd Money [ M. Paris, Anno 1248. ] by Proclamation, the People were more distress'd,
upon calling in the old and clipped Money [ M. paris, Anno 1248. ] by Proclamation, the People were more distressed,
p-acp vvg p-acp dt j cc vvn n1 [ n1 np1, fw-la crd ] p-acp n1, dt n1 vbdr av-dc j-vvn,
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than if Corn had been at Half a Crown a Bushel, (which was then, I believe, equal to Twelve or Fourfteen Shillings now) for the new Money was not yet come to their great Towns;
than if Corn had been At Half a Crown a Bushel, (which was then, I believe, equal to Twelve or Fourfteen Shillings now) for the new Money was not yet come to their great Towns;
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and when it was, they receiv'd no more new, than their old came to by weight;
and when it was, they received no more new, than their old Come to by weight;
cc c-crq pn31 vbds, pns32 vvd av-dx av-dc j, cs po32 n1 vvd p-acp p-acp n1;
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paying also, over and above, Thirteen Pence in the Pound for Coinage;
paying also, over and above, Thirteen Pence in the Pound for Coinage;
vvg av, a-acp cc a-acp, crd n2 p-acp dt n1 p-acp n1;
(7) part (DIV2)
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so that besides the loss of Time, and the great Charge they were at, to come to the several Places of Exchange, they were sent away with hardly Twenty Shillings,
so that beside the loss of Time, and the great Charge they were At, to come to the several Places of Exchange, they were sent away with hardly Twenty Shillings,
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(7) part (DIV2)
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for every Thirty, that they brought along with them. Arctabatur Populus, non mediocriter damnificatus. The People were straitned, and receiv'd no small dammage;
for every Thirty, that they brought along with them. Arctabatur Populus, non mediocriter damnificatus. The People were straitened, and received no small damage;
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they lost, you see, one Third. The Poor still suffered most, and so it will always be;
they lost, you see, one Third. The Poor still suffered most, and so it will always be;
pns32 vvd, pn22 vvb, crd ord. dt j av vvd av-ds, cc av pn31 vmb av vbi;
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for a small Weight is heavy to the Weak and Faint; and a little Loss grievous to such as have but little.
for a small Weight is heavy to the Weak and Faint; and a little Loss grievous to such as have but little.
p-acp dt j n1 vbz j p-acp dt j cc j; cc dt j n1 j p-acp d c-acp vhb p-acp j.
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Neither, Lastly, Is the Evil far remov'd, altho' the Publick bear the Loss, for every Man is Part and Parcel of the Publick.
Neither, Lastly, Is the Evil Far removed, although the Public bear the Loss, for every Man is Part and Parcel of the Public.
av-dx, ord, vbz dt n-jn av-j vvn, cs dt j vvi dt n1, p-acp d n1 vbz n1 cc vvi pp-f dt j.
(7) part (DIV2)
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And if the Mint receive the little Money in, and deliver out good and full,
And if the Mint receive the little Money in, and deliver out good and full,
cc cs dt n1 vvb dt j n1 p-acp, cc vvi av j cc j,
(7) part (DIV2)
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yet must it needs be, that these Particulars must fill the Exchequer, in return for what they have receiv'd of new Money.
yet must it needs be, that these Particulars must fill the Exchequer, in return for what they have received of new Money.
av vmb pn31 av vbi, cst d n2-j vmb vvi dt n1, p-acp n1 p-acp r-crq pns32 vhb vvn pp-f j n1.
(7) part (DIV2)
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That is, a general Tax must answer for the Robberies of these Villains;
That is, a general Tax must answer for the Robberies of these Villains;
cst vbz, dt j n1 vmb vvi p-acp dt n2 pp-f d n2;
(7) part (DIV2)
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the Good and Innocent, the Careful and Industrious People, must contribute to the making up the loss the Publick sustains by the Injustice and Theft of Clippers.
the Good and Innocent, the Careful and Industria People, must contribute to the making up the loss the Public sustains by the Injustice and Theft of Clippers.
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And how soon this will be, no one can tell, but by the haste that is made to make it necessary, it cannot well be far off.
And how soon this will be, no one can tell, but by the haste that is made to make it necessary, it cannot well be Far off.
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I have spoken exceeding modestly and moderately, when I supposed we were only cheated of one Third; I did it to make the Case plain,
I have spoken exceeding modestly and moderately, when I supposed we were only cheated of one Third; I did it to make the Case plain,
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for every one sees, that near to half is taken away, which opens the Passage to a Suspicion, that Covetousness as well as Luxury, is at the bottom, in the Crime of Clipping;
for every one sees, that near to half is taken away, which Opens the Passage to a Suspicion, that Covetousness as well as Luxury, is At the bottom, in the Crime of Clipping;
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and that some People will grow Rich thereby, as well as others feed their Vices and Necessities;
and that Some People will grow Rich thereby, as well as Others feed their Vices and Necessities;
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for it does not seem very probable, that so much Money should be spent by those poor and mean Wretches, who are commonly discovered to live by this unjust and wicked Practice:
for it does not seem very probable, that so much Money should be spent by those poor and mean Wretches, who Are commonly discovered to live by this unjust and wicked Practice:
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The Summ is much too big for them;
The Sum is much too big for them;
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and one cannot well account, how almost all the old Silver that circles round the Nation, should come into these Clippers Hands in the compass of a few Years.
and one cannot well account, how almost all the old Silver that Circles round the nation, should come into these Clippers Hands in the compass of a few years.
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But with this I have little to do.
But with this I have little to do.
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It is enough to answer my Design and Purpose, if I have shewn you with any clearness, the Mischiefs of corrupting and debasing Money, the Coining bad Metal,
It is enough to answer my Design and Purpose, if I have shown you with any clearness, the Mischiefs of corrupting and debasing Money, the Coining bad Metal,
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and the clipping and stealing from good;
and the clipping and stealing from good;
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for then the way is open to the justification of the Laws, that are made to punish such Offenders;
for then the Way is open to the justification of the Laws, that Are made to Punish such Offenders;
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which was the Third and last Particular.
which was the Third and last Particular.
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III. Nothing can justifie the severity of Legal Punishments, but their Necessity;
III. Nothing can justify the severity of Legal Punishments, but their Necessity;
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and nothing evidences this Necessity, like the sight and knowledge of those Evils and Mischiefs the Laws design to prevent as well as punish:
and nothing evidences this Necessity, like the sighed and knowledge of those Evils and Mischiefs the Laws Design to prevent as well as Punish:
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And therefore, the laying open the Injuries and Mischiefs of Clipping and Coining is the readiest way to clear the Reason and Justice of such Laws,
And Therefore, the laying open the Injuries and Mischiefs of Clipping and Coining is the Readiest Way to clear the Reason and justice of such Laws,
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as doom to Death such Malefactors.
as doom to Death such Malefactors.
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This I have been already trying to do, and tho', there is no doubt, but the Men of Skill and Experience in Trade,
This I have been already trying to do, and though, there is no doubt, but the Men of Skill and Experience in Trade,
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and Money-matters can see more Mischiefs than I mention, rising from these Practices, yet certainly these mentioned are sufficient to acquit our Laws from being Cruel or Unjust;
and Money-matters can see more Mischiefs than I mention, rising from these Practices, yet Certainly these mentioned Are sufficient to acquit our Laws from being Cruel or Unjust;
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for what can Laws do less, than secure the Honour of the Nation (which is much concern'd in the Goodness and Weight of its currant Coin) with respect to Foreigners,
for what can Laws do less, than secure the Honour of the nation (which is much concerned in the goodness and Weight of its currant Coin) with respect to Foreigners,
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and just and righteous Dealing with one another at home? And if nothing less than Death will serve to these good Ends,
and just and righteous Dealing with one Another At home? And if nothing less than Death will serve to these good Ends,
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then putting Men to Death for Clipping and Coining is neither Cruel nor Unjust.
then putting Men to Death for Clipping and Coining is neither Cruel nor Unjust.
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And tho' more Pity usually attends these Criminals than others, yet the Laws have not therefore less of Reason and Equity, that condemn them;
And though more Pity usually attends these Criminals than Others, yet the Laws have not Therefore less of Reason and Equity, that condemn them;
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nor is their Fault less heinous in it self, or mischievous to others.
nor is their Fault less heinous in it self, or mischievous to Others.
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But our Pity arises from hence, That we see Men going to suffer Death for a Crime, by which we know of none that are undone, or greatly injur'd;
But our Pity arises from hence, That we see Men going to suffer Death for a Crime, by which we know of none that Are undone, or greatly injured;
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the Evil is unfix'd and undetermin'd, and we cannot put our selves into their Condition who are hurt by these Offenders,
the Evil is unfixed and undetermined, and we cannot put our selves into their Condition who Are hurt by these Offenders,
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as we can and do in other Cases, which excites our Indignation.
as we can and do in other Cases, which excites our Indignation.
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Thus when a Thief breaks in upon a House and steals, we are immediately sensible both of the Fright and Injury, which a particular Person feels,
Thus when a Thief breaks in upon a House and steals, we Are immediately sensible both of the Fright and Injury, which a particular Person feels,
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and the Concern we have for him and his Family, that may be undone by the Robbery, counter-balances our Pity for the Criminal.
and the Concern we have for him and his Family, that may be undone by the Robbery, counterbalances our Pity for the Criminal.
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Self is more nearly touched, for this may be the Case of every honest Man,Self is more nearly touched, for this may be the Case of every honest Man,
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and therefore fear for our Selves and Families, as in danger of being ruin'd by the like Villany, out-weighs our Pity to a Felon.
and Therefore Fear for our Selves and Families, as in danger of being ruined by the like Villainy, outweighs our Pity to a Felon.
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But in the Case of false Coinage or Clipping, we think immediately only of a Dammage to the Treasury, which we esteem above our Pity:
But in the Case of false Coinage or Clipping, we think immediately only of a Damage to the Treasury, which we esteem above our Pity:
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Or we conceive a Dammage publick and general, which excites no pitiful Resentments in us, because we have our Eye on no particular Man as ruin'd or undone thereby.
Or we conceive a Damage public and general, which excites no pitiful Resentments in us, Because we have our Eye on no particular Man as ruined or undone thereby.
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But the remembrance of what hath been above-said, of the Mischiefs that are truly done, both to the Publick,
But the remembrance of what hath been abovesaid, of the Mischiefs that Are truly done, both to the Public,
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and to almost all Particulars, will change this ill-plac'd and mistaken Pity, and transferr it to those, that suffer Want and Misery by these ill Practices,
and to almost all Particulars, will change this ill-placed and mistaken Pity, and transfer it to those, that suffer Want and Misery by these ill Practices,
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altho' we do not know them in particular;
although we do not know them in particular;
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for 'tis impossible that so much Mischief should be done, but some or other must suffer by it.
for it's impossible that so much Mischief should be done, but Some or other must suffer by it.
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But to shew you that our Laws are neither cruel nor unjust in this Affair, it is sufficient to say, that they agree with the Laws of almost all Nations, which seldom do conspire in bloody and inhumane Executions.
But to show you that our Laws Are neither cruel nor unjust in this Affair, it is sufficient to say, that they agree with the Laws of almost all nations, which seldom do conspire in bloody and inhumane Executions.
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The Romans considered this Crime of Clipping and Coining, generally speaking, as High-Treason: They made exact enquiries after these Offenders:
The Romans considered this Crime of Clipping and Coining, generally speaking, as High treason: They made exact Enquiries After these Offenders:
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They tortured Men to confess their Accomplices: They allowed Rewards and Privileges to such as would Impeach;
They tortured Men to confess their Accomplices: They allowed Rewards and Privileges to such as would Impeach;
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if they were Slaves, they were set at Liberty, and the Exchequer paid their Ransom to their Masters:
if they were Slaves, they were Set At Liberty, and the Exchequer paid their Ransom to their Masters:
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If one of these Offenders escap'd out of Custody, his Keeper, if privy to it, certainly died for him:
If one of these Offenders escaped out of Custody, his Keeper, if privy to it, Certainly died for him:
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If the Master or Owner of the House or Place where such Offence was committed, were conscious to the thing,
If the Master or Owner of the House or Place where such Offence was committed, were conscious to the thing,
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altho' not actually employ'd himself, he forfeited his House, Goods, and Estate, and was himself Transported;
although not actually employed himself, he forfeited his House, Goods, and Estate, and was himself Transported;
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and if he knew nothing of the matter, yet he Forfeited his House, unless he made himself the first discovery to the Magistrate (to oblige them, I suppose, to greater caution whom they trusted in their Houses.) All Servants, Helpers,
and if he knew nothing of the matter, yet he Forfeited his House, unless he made himself the First discovery to the Magistrate (to oblige them, I suppose, to greater caution whom they trusted in their Houses.) All Servants, Helpers,
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and Assistants, were also Condemn'd to dye, as well as the principal Agent: And the Death they often underwent, was being burnt.
and Assistants, were also Condemned to die, as well as the principal Agent: And the Death they often underwent, was being burned.
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And yet the Romans were as sparing of Blood, and as merciful in their Executions as any Nation whatever.
And yet the Romans were as sparing of Blood, and as merciful in their Executions as any nation whatever.
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The Laws of the Wisigoths punished these kind of Offenders, if they were Slaves, with the loss of their Right-hand;
The Laws of the Wisigoths punished these kind of Offenders, if they were Slaves, with the loss of their Right-hand;
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if they were Freemen, with the loss of half their Estates, and being made Slaves to whom the King pleas'd.
if they were Freemen, with the loss of half their Estates, and being made Slaves to whom the King pleased.
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The Laws of our own Country in King Athelstan 's time, punished them (as above) with the cutting off their Right-hands,
The Laws of our own Country in King Athelstan is time, punished them (as above) with the cutting off their Right-hands,
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and fixing them over the place where they committed the Offence. In King Ethelred 's days they were to undergo the Treble Ordeal (i. e.
and fixing them over the place where they committed the Offence. In King Ethelred is days they were to undergo the Triple Ordeal (i. e.
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to carry a Red-hot Iron of three pound weight in their hands such a determined space of Ground) and if they miscarried there, they were to dye.
to carry a Redhot Iron of three pound weight in their hands such a determined Molle of Ground) and if they miscarried there, they were to die.
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In Henry I. time they were Condemned to lose, some their Hands, and some their Eyes:
In Henry I time they were Condemned to loose, Some their Hands, and Some their Eyes:
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And some (in allusion to the Word) who were found to adulterate the Kings Coin, were so punish'd as if the Laws intended to prevent Adultery it self:
And Some (in allusion to the Word) who were found to adulterate the Kings Coin, were so punished as if the Laws intended to prevent Adultery it self:
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As appears in our Histories of those Times. These Punishments were after chang'd into the Modern Executions, and have so continued ever since,
As appears in our Histories of those Times. These Punishments were After changed into the Modern Executions, and have so continued ever since,
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altho' 'tis probable that Punishments of greater Pain and constant Shame, such as they heretofore were, would secure us better,
although it's probable that Punishments of greater Pain and constant Shame, such as they heretofore were, would secure us better,
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than putting Men to a short and easie Death.
than putting Men to a short and easy Death.
cs vvg n2 p-acp dt j cc j n1.
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Thus much I think may suffice to vindicate our Laws from the reproach of being Cruel or Unjust;
Thus much I think may suffice to vindicate our Laws from the reproach of being Cruel or Unjust;
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and (if Men will but well consider) to wean them from that soft pernicious tenderness, that sometimes, certainly, restrains the hand of Justice, slackens the care and vigilance of Mastrates, keeps back the Under Officers, corrupts the Juries (for Passions and Affections bribe as well as Gifts) and with-holds the Evidence, both from appearing and from speaking out, when they appear.
and (if Men will but well Consider) to wean them from that soft pernicious tenderness, that sometime, Certainly, restrains the hand of justice, slackens the care and vigilance of Magistrates, keeps back the Under Officers, corrupts the Juries (for Passion and Affections bribe as well as Gifts) and withholds the Evidence, both from appearing and from speaking out, when they appear.
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These are the ill effects of a weak and undue compassion, shewn especially to these kind of Offenders, which help ('tis more than likely) to encrease their number,
These Are the ill effects of a weak and undue compassion, shown especially to these kind of Offenders, which help (it's more than likely) to increase their number,
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and the Misery of honest People, and therefore should be better thought upon by such as are so concern'd.
and the Misery of honest People, and Therefore should be better Thought upon by such as Are so concerned.
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And now, if I have shewn you (as I thought to do) That this Offence is fruitful of Mischiefs;
And now, if I have shown you (as I Thought to do) That this Offence is fruitful of Mischiefs;
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that it dishonours the Kingdom, and does apparently damnifie every particular Man, and will do more and more so,
that it dishonours the Kingdom, and does apparently damnify every particular Man, and will do more and more so,
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and fall at last with a most deadly weight somewhere or other, and, to be sure, with greater violence on the Poor and Mean, who are least able to endure it;
and fallen At last with a most deadly weight somewhere or other, and, to be sure, with greater violence on the Poor and Mean, who Are least able to endure it;
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if this be manifest, our Laws and Executions are not only clear'd from all their Imputations,
if this be manifest, our Laws and Executions Are not only cleared from all their Imputations,
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but I have also found out, for these Wretches, a sufficient Ground and Bottom for Repentance, which they, it seems, are generally ignorant of:
but I have also found out, for these Wretches, a sufficient Ground and Bottom for Repentance, which they, it seems, Are generally ignorant of:
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They can see they have offended against the Laws and Statutes of the Kingdom, and can acknowledge that their other Sins and Offences have betray'd them to these Practices,
They can see they have offended against the Laws and Statutes of the Kingdom, and can acknowledge that their other Sins and Offences have betrayed them to these Practices,
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but they cannot see the justice of those Laws, nor the wickedness of these Practices:
but they cannot see the Justice of those Laws, nor the wickedness of these Practices:
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They can be sorry for their great Misfortune, but they know not how to repent of Clipping and Coining,
They can be sorry for their great Misfortune, but they know not how to Repent of Clipping and Coining,
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as Sins against God or their Neighbour;
as Sins against God or their Neighbour;
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and therefore however guilty they may be in other respects, yet the sense of these Offences affects them little or nothing.
and Therefore however guilty they may be in other respects, yet the sense of these Offences affects them little or nothing.
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All this pretended Innocence depends (as I have shewn) on this mistake, that No one is Injur'd hereby;
All this pretended Innocence depends (as I have shown) on this mistake, that No one is Injured hereby;
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and they presume that no one is Injur'd, because they design the Injury of no particular one,
and they presume that no one is Injured, Because they Design the Injury of no particular one,
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nor know of any that is Injur'd by it: The Evil that is done is unfix'd and undetermin'd to Time, or Place, or Person,
nor know of any that is Injured by it: The Evil that is done is unfixed and undetermined to Time, or Place, or Person,
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and therefore they conclude that none is truly done.
and Therefore they conclude that none is truly done.
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If these were not their private conceits, why should not they conclude themselves as guilty of Theft and Fraud,
If these were not their private conceits, why should not they conclude themselves as guilty of Theft and Fraud,
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and of Injustice, as much as any other Robbers, and consequently repent as throughly and sincerely of them? But it will not follow, that because a Man either forgets or knows not whom he has Injur'd, that he has therefore Injur'd none,
and of Injustice, as much as any other Robbers, and consequently Repent as thoroughly and sincerely of them? But it will not follow, that Because a Man either forgets or knows not whom he has Injured, that he has Therefore Injured none,
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nor needs to repent or make amends.
nor needs to Repent or make amends.
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For if a Man should, in the course of his Calling, set aside the fear of God,
For if a Man should, in the course of his Calling, Set aside the Fear of God,
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and all regard to Honesty and Justice, and make his advantage of People's Ignorance and Simplicity, their Easiness or want of Understanding,
and all regard to Honesty and justice, and make his advantage of People's Ignorance and Simplicity, their Easiness or want of Understanding,
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and Cheat them all he could, without intending to Cheat any one particular more than another, it will not follow that he has Cheated none,
and Cheat them all he could, without intending to Cheat any one particular more than Another, it will not follow that he has Cheated none,
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because he intended to Cheat no particular;
Because he intended to Cheat no particular;
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nor will it follow that he has Cheated no more than he remembers to have Cheated;
nor will it follow that he has Cheated no more than he remembers to have Cheated;
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nor will it follow that he is obliged to repent of no more Injustice than he can call to mind done to Particulars;
nor will it follow that he is obliged to Repent of no more Injustice than he can call to mind done to Particulars;
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nor will it follow that he is not obliged to Restitution and Amendment, because he has Cheated more than he remembers.
nor will it follow that he is not obliged to Restitution and Amendment, Because he has Cheated more than he remembers.
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The Man knows very well that he design'd his own advantage all the while, and had no consideration of the Means;
The Man knows very well that he designed his own advantage all the while, and had no consideration of the Means;
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and knows that a great deal of wrong must needs be done, and that He did it;
and knows that a great deal of wrong must needs be done, and that He did it;
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and knows that a great deal of Wrong calls for a great deal of Sorrow, and a great deal of Satisfaction.
and knows that a great deal of Wrong calls for a great deal of Sorrow, and a great deal of Satisfaction.
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And this is certainly the Coiners and the Clippers Case, which requires as full and true Repentance as any other Robbery whatsoever, in as much as it is equal to any Theft of the same Value, with respect to private People,
And this is Certainly the Coiners and the Clippers Case, which requires as full and true Repentance as any other Robbery whatsoever, in as much as it is equal to any Theft of the same Valve, with respect to private People,
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and with respect to the Publick much above it.
and with respect to the Public much above it.
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And what is said of these as Principals, is also true in its proportion of all that are Accessaries;
And what is said of these as Principals, is also true in its proportion of all that Are Accessaries;
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all that are any ways concern'd in this Affair, such as knowingly provide or make their proper Instruments;
all that Are any ways concerned in this Affair, such as knowingly provide or make their proper Instruments;
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such as go up and down, whether in City or Country, to procure broad Money;
such as go up and down, whither in city or Country, to procure broad Money;
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such as sell these People broad Money for great Gain, which cannot possibly be done without a strong suspicion of the Purchaser;
such as fell these People broad Money for great Gain, which cannot possibly be done without a strong suspicion of the Purchaser;
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and such as are employed to vend and put off these pieces so corrupted and debas'd;
and such as Are employed to vend and put off these Pieces so corrupted and debased;
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and lastly, such as easily receive and purchase the Clippings and Filings of Silver, at the Hands of justly-to-be-suspected Sellers.
and lastly, such as Easily receive and purchase the Clippings and Filings of Silver, At the Hands of justly-to-be-suspected Sellers.
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I know not how they can (any of them) acquit themselves (not to the Laws and Statutes of the Kingdom only,
I know not how they can (any of them) acquit themselves (not to the Laws and Statutes of the Kingdom only,
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but) to God above, and to their own Consciences, who are in any sort Partakers with these Robbers of the Publick.
but) to God above, and to their own Consciences, who Are in any sort Partakers with these Robbers of the Public.
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And upon this Account, a Discourse of this Nature may be (I hope) in this Place,
And upon this Account, a Discourse of this Nature may be (I hope) in this Place,
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as justifiable, as any one else upon the Eighth Commandment: And I will believe I speak to Magistrates, not only careful of the Dignity and Honour of our Laws,
as justifiable, as any one Else upon the Eighth Commandment: And I will believe I speak to Magistrates, not only careful of the Dignity and Honour of our Laws,
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but of the Welfare and Security of innocent and honest People, and who will therefore take what Care they can, to bring to Light, and Punishment, these Offenders.
but of the Welfare and Security of innocent and honest People, and who will Therefore take what Care they can, to bring to Light, and Punishment, these Offenders.
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And if there appears but little of Christianity in such Sermons, it will be to such as consider not,
And if there appears but little of Christianity in such Sermons, it will be to such as Consider not,
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how great a Part, Justice and Honesty, and fair and righteous Dealing make up of this Divine Religion;
how great a Part, justice and Honesty, and fair and righteous Dealing make up of this Divine Religion;
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and how great Care the Doctrines of the Gospel take, not only of Mens Souls in the World to come,
and how great Care the Doctrines of the Gospel take, not only of Men's Souls in the World to come,
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but of the Good and Welfare of their Bodies here.
but of the Good and Welfare of their Bodies Here.
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An honest Man and a good Christian will never be two distinct things in a Christian Kingdom;
an honest Man and a good Christian will never be two distinct things in a Christian Kingdom;
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for the chief Design of our Religion is to make us good and honest Men in this World,
for the chief Design of our Religion is to make us good and honest Men in this World,
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and to propose Rewards to such as will be so, in the World to come.
and to propose Rewards to such as will be so, in the World to come.
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And therefore, if I have convinced any one, of the Fraud and Villany, the Injustice and the Theft, of Coining and Clipping,
And Therefore, if I have convinced any one, of the Fraud and Villainy, the Injustice and the Theft, of Coining and Clipping,
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and thereby shall deterr them from entring on, or persisting in, those evil Practices, or shall reclaim them from them,
and thereby shall deter them from entering on, or persisting in, those evil Practices, or shall reclaim them from them,
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and occasion their Repentance and Amendment, I shall make no doubt of having served the Interest and Design of Christianity, in a great many Particulars.
and occasion their Repentance and Amendment, I shall make no doubt of having served the Interest and Design of Christianity, in a great many Particulars.
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And in this Hope I will end this Sermon, leaving it to the Blessing of God Almighty, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost;
And in this Hope I will end this Sermon, leaving it to the Blessing of God Almighty, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost;
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to whom be all Honour, and Glory, now and for ever. FINIS.to whom be all Honour, and Glory, now and for ever. FINIS.
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