A. L., fl. 1560

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 1.0% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 91.7% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 0.2% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.5% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 0.5% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.908
Evenness: 0.982
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (ODRV) 5.116
New Testament (Wycliffe) 4.855
New Testament (ODRV) 3.812
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 2.989
New Testament (AKJV) 2.701
Apocrypha (AKJV) 2.046
Old Testament (ODRV) 0.636
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -1.002
Old Testament (Geneva) -2.06
New Testament (Tyndale) -2.387
New Testament (Geneva) -3.39
Old Testament (AKJV) -3.699
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
2 Peter (ODRV) 3.519
Romans (ODRV) 2.61
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 2.328
Baruch (ODRV) 1.734
John (Wycliffe) 1.682
2 Kings (AKJV) 1.66
2 Samuel (Geneva) 1.621
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 1.611
Daniel (Geneva) 1.575
Colossians (Geneva) 1.486
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.463
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.428
1 John (Tyndale) 1.404
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.402
Galatians (Geneva) 1.392
Colossians (AKJV) 1.378
Acts (Geneva) 1.377
1 Timothy (Geneva) 1.36
Genesis (ODRV) 1.354
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.348
Exodus (AKJV) 1.323
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.3
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 1.269
Job (Douay-Rheims) 1.249
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.192
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.168
Job (Geneva) 1.159
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.144
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.122
Ephesians (Geneva) 1.103
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.08
John (Geneva) 1.064
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.053
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.973
Job (AKJV) 0.972
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.968
Romans (Tyndale) 0.967
John (ODRV) 0.886
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.829
Luke (AKJV) 0.806
Psalms (ODRV) 0.787
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.785
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.778
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.725
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.64
Matthew (ODRV) 0.604
Romans (Geneva) 0.497
Psalms (Geneva) 0.376
Romans (AKJV) 0.269
Psalms (AKJV) -0.276
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
2 Peter 3 (ODRV) 2.188
Romans 14 (ODRV) 2.14
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 1.886
Genesis 33 (ODRV) 1.109
Psalms 88 (Geneva) 1.107
Genesis 49 (ODRV) 1.107
Psalms 31 (ODRV) 1.106
Baruch 1 (ODRV) 1.104
Psalms 6 (ODRV) 1.103
Isaiah 38 (Douay-Rheims) 1.101
2 Samuel 5 (Geneva) 1.101
John 9 (Wycliffe) 1.101
Psalms 29 (ODRV) 1.101
Isaiah 38 (Geneva) 1.099
Ecclesiasticus 17 (AKJV) 1.097
Ecclesiasticus 39 (Douay-Rheims) 1.097
Psalms 148 (Geneva) 1.096
Psalms 74 (Geneva) 1.096
Job 34 (Douay-Rheims) 1.095
Exodus 33 (AKJV) 1.095
Psalms 144 (ODRV) 1.095
Psalms 31 (Geneva) 1.094
Isaiah 14 (AKJV) 1.094
Ecclesiasticus 23 (AKJV) 1.094
Acts 14 (Geneva) 1.094
Psalms 6 (AKJV) 1.094
Genesis 18 (ODRV) 1.093
Ecclesiasticus 39 (AKJV) 1.093
2 Kings 20 (AKJV) 1.093
Isaiah 38 (AKJV) 1.091
Psalms 102 (ODRV) 1.087
Psalms 88 (ODRV) 1.083
Psalms 68 (Geneva) 1.083
Job 10 (Geneva) 1.082
1 Peter 5 (ODRV) 1.079
Psalms 83 (AKJV) 1.078
Daniel 6 (Geneva) 1.077
Psalms 30 (AKJV) 1.075
Isaiah 14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.074
Job 10 (AKJV) 1.073
Psalms 50 (ODRV) 1.072
Psalms 7 (AKJV) 1.068
Proverbs 31 (AKJV) 1.068
2 Corinthians 1 (Geneva) 1.065
Hebrews 2 (AKJV) 1.063
Psalms 103 (Geneva) 1.063
Psalms 34 (Geneva) 1.059
Romans 4 (Tyndale) 1.058
1 Thessalonians 5 (Tyndale) 1.054
John 17 (ODRV) 1.054
Psalms 115 (AKJV) 1.052
Luke 23 (AKJV) 1.052
Galatians 3 (Tyndale) 1.048
1 John 2 (Tyndale) 1.043
Psalms 37 (Geneva) 1.039
Colossians 3 (Geneva) 1.038
1 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 1.037
1 Peter 4 (Geneva) 1.037
1 Corinthians 13 (Geneva) 1.035
Galatians 3 (Geneva) 1.034
Job 21 (AKJV) 1.03
Matthew 25 (Tyndale) 1.03
Romans 15 (ODRV) 1.029
Colossians 2 (AKJV) 1.027
Romans 1 (ODRV) 1.025
Colossians 2 (Geneva) 1.025
Luke 1 (AKJV) 1.022
1 Timothy 6 (ODRV) 1.014
2 Corinthians 5 (Tyndale) 1.013
Romans 10 (ODRV) 1.009
John 6 (Geneva) 1.004
1 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.988
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 0.985
Psalms 122 (AKJV) 0.982
Ephesians 2 (Geneva) 0.98
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 0.97
1 Corinthians 1 (AKJV) 0.966
Romans 14 (AKJV) 0.966
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.964
Hebrews 13 (AKJV) 0.964
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 0.962
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.935
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 0.932
Romans 8 (ODRV) 0.927
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.92
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.904
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.819
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.99
Verse Prominence
Isaiah 38.13 (Douay-Rheims) 2.63
Isaiah 38.18 (AKJV) 2.629
Ephesians 2.4 (AKJV) 2.619
Isaiah 38.16 (Geneva) 1.753
Isaiah 38.11 (Geneva) 1.752
Isaiah 38.19 (Douay-Rheims) 1.751
2 Peter 3.6 (ODRV) 1.746
Romans 14.12 (ODRV) 1.739
1 Corinthians 10.31 (AKJV) 1.713
Isaiah 38.21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
Isaiah 38.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
Genesis 33.12 (ODRV) 0.877
Psalms 29.7 (ODRV) 0.877
Galatians 3.15 (Tyndale) 0.877
Isaiah 38.22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
Ecclesiasticus 17.28 (AKJV) 0.877
Genesis 49.18 (ODRV) 0.877
Psalms 6.6 (ODRV) 0.876
Genesis 18.17 (ODRV) 0.876
Isaiah 38.10 (Geneva) 0.876
2 Corinthians 5.1 (Tyndale) 0.876
Job 34.23 (Douay-Rheims) 0.876
Isaiah 38.10 (AKJV) 0.876
Psalms 88.15 (Geneva) 0.876
Isaiah 38.14 (Geneva) 0.876
Psalms 102.10 (ODRV) 0.876
Psalms 37.2 (Geneva) 0.876
Daniel 6.25 (Geneva) 0.876
Job 10.1 (AKJV) 0.876
Proverbs 31.7 (AKJV) 0.876
Job 10.19 (Geneva) 0.876
Baruch 1.17 (ODRV) 0.876
Acts 14.10 (Geneva) 0.876
Psalms 31.1 (ODRV) 0.876
Matthew 25.30 (Tyndale) 0.876
Isaiah 14.7 (AKJV) 0.876
Ecclesiasticus 39.41 (Douay-Rheims) 0.876
1 Timothy 6.8 (ODRV) 0.876
Psalms 74.9 (Geneva) 0.876
1 John 2.2 (Tyndale) 0.875
Colossians 3.6 (Geneva) 0.875
Psalms 115.18 (AKJV) 0.875
Psalms 31.5 (Geneva) 0.875
2 Samuel 5.4 (Geneva) 0.875
Isaiah 14.15 (AKJV) 0.875
Ecclesiasticus 23.26 (AKJV) 0.875
Psalms 148.13 (Geneva) 0.875
Psalms 83.14 (AKJV) 0.874
Isaiah 38.11 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 88.37 (ODRV) 0.874
Isaiah 38.12 (AKJV) 0.874
Luke 23.41 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 30.3 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 30.7 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 50.17 (ODRV) 0.874
Psalms 144.8 (ODRV) 0.873
1 Peter 5.6 (ODRV) 0.873
Psalms 6.5 (AKJV) 0.873
Ecclesiasticus 39.21 (AKJV) 0.873
2 Kings 20.10 (AKJV) 0.873
2 Corinthians 5.4 (Tyndale) 0.872
Psalms 7.1 (AKJV) 0.872
Exodus 33.20 (AKJV) 0.872
1 Peter 1.22 (AKJV) 0.872
Romans 15.6 (ODRV) 0.872
John 9.5 (Wycliffe) 0.871
2 Corinthians 1.10 (Geneva) 0.871
Psalms 103.12 (Geneva) 0.871
Matthew 22.32 (ODRV) 0.87
1 Corinthians 1.7 (AKJV) 0.87
Psalms 107.10 (AKJV) 0.87
John 6.46 (Geneva) 0.87
1 Peter 4.10 (Geneva) 0.87
Psalms 34.3 (Geneva) 0.87
Hebrews 2.15 (AKJV) 0.869
Psalms 37.2 (AKJV) 0.869
John 17.16 (ODRV) 0.869
Galatians 3.9 (Geneva) 0.869
Psalms 68.20 (Geneva) 0.869
Ephesians 2.4 (Geneva) 0.869
Romans 1.17 (ODRV) 0.868
Romans 4.24 (Tyndale) 0.868
1 Thessalonians 5.6 (Tyndale) 0.868
1 Timothy 4.9 (Geneva) 0.867
Romans 8.24 (ODRV) 0.867
Hebrews 13.15 (AKJV) 0.866
Romans 8.24 (Geneva) 0.865
2 Corinthians 5.12 (ODRV) 0.865
Ephesians 2.18 (AKJV) 0.861
1 Corinthians 15.26 (AKJV) 0.861
Isaiah 14.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.86
Job 21.32 (AKJV) 0.86
1 Corinthians 15.19 (ODRV) 0.859
Romans 8.26 (Geneva) 0.859
Romans 14.12 (AKJV) 0.859
Psalms 122.1 (AKJV) 0.859
Colossians 2.9 (Geneva) 0.855
Colossians 2.9 (AKJV) 0.855
Luke 1.75 (AKJV) 0.853
Romans 10.10 (ODRV) 0.851
1 Corinthians 13.12 (Geneva) 0.845
Romans 12.5 (AKJV) 0.836
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 0.79
Part Prominence
New Testament 20.2
Apocrypha 9.242
Old Testament -29.443
Diversity: 0.883
Evenness: 0.941
Book Prominence
2 Corinthians 22.788
Jonah 12.012
Judith 6.162
Numbers 4.732
1 Kings 4.716
Philippians 4.425
Job 4.004
Luke 3.377
Isaiah 3.069
Romans 2.58
Matthew 2.521
Psalms 2.045
Diversity: 0.947
Evenness: 0.968
Chapter Prominence
2 Corinthians 5 12.995
Jonah 2 6.634
Psalms 30 6.584
Psalms 39 6.525
Judith 6 3.331
Psalms 40 3.269
1 Kings 2 3.263
Psalms 31 3.255
Psalms 6 3.25
Psalms 23 3.238
Job 3 3.237
Numbers 23 3.234
Psalms 90 3.229
Psalms 104 3.22
Isaiah 40 3.209
Psalms 73 3.162
Luke 23 3.157
Psalms 51 3.123
Romans 7 3.119
Matthew 22 3.095
Philippians 1 3.094
Isaiah 5 3.084
Matthew 6 3.015
Romans 8 2.756
Diversity: 0.0
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
1 Kings 2.1 99.961
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase