Ayray, James

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 7.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 5.0% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 89.6% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 6.9% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 9.1% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 4.8% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 5.9% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 4.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 6.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 5.8% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 4.1% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 6.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 5.6% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 3.9% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 6.0% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 5.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 3.9% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.917
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Vulgate) 7.73
New Testament (Wycliffe) 6.045
Old Testament (Vulgate) 5.981
Apocrypha (AKJV) 3.236
New Testament (Vulgate) 2.906
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.826
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.189
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.87
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.197
New Testament (ODRV) -2.14
Old Testament (AKJV) -2.508
New Testament (AKJV) -3.251
Diversity: 0.964
Evenness: 0.993
Book Prominence
Proverbs (Vulgate) 6.383
Philippians (AKJV) 5.721
Canticles (Vulgate) 3.212
2 Kings (Vulgate) 3.206
Wisdom (Vulgate) 3.194
Exodus (Vulgate) 3.192
Job (Vulgate) 3.172
2 Peter (Vulgate) 3.166
Isaiah (Vulgate) 3.156
Luke (Wycliffe) 3.101
Luke (Vulgate) 3.081
Psalms (Vulgate) 3.037
Canticles (Geneva) 3.022
Hosea (Douay-Rheims) 3.018
John (Vulgate) 2.958
Canticles (AKJV) 2.956
Romans (Vulgate) 2.946
Matthew (Vulgate) 2.905
Wisdom (AKJV) 2.868
Ephesians (Tyndale) 2.689
Ephesians (ODRV) 2.604
Job (Douay-Rheims) 2.588
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 2.52
Luke (ODRV) 2.332
John (ODRV) 2.225
Psalms (ODRV) 2.126
Romans (ODRV) 2.062
Matthew (AKJV) 1.817
Psalms (AKJV) 1.063
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
Proverbs 5 (Vulgate) 3.772
Proverbs 1 (Vulgate) 3.77
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 3.577
Job 4 (Vulgate) 1.886
2 Kings 13 (Vulgate) 1.886
Romans 16 (Vulgate) 1.885
Canticles 2 (Vulgate) 1.885
Isaiah 28 (Vulgate) 1.885
Canticles 4 (Vulgate) 1.885
Psalms 76 (Vulgate) 1.885
Job 33 (Vulgate) 1.885
Psalms 94 (Vulgate) 1.885
Job 10 (Vulgate) 1.885
Job 29 (Vulgate) 1.885
Exodus 20 (Vulgate) 1.884
Psalms 49 (Vulgate) 1.884
Psalms 54 (Vulgate) 1.884
Wisdom 5 (Vulgate) 1.884
Hosea 11 (Douay-Rheims) 1.883
2 Peter 2 (Vulgate) 1.883
Luke 1 (Wycliffe) 1.882
Job 3 (Vulgate) 1.882
Psalms 80 (ODRV) 1.881
Matthew 25 (Vulgate) 1.881
Luke 16 (Vulgate) 1.88
John 15 (Vulgate) 1.88
John 10 (Vulgate) 1.879
Psalms 75 (Vulgate) 1.879
Job 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.878
John 8 (Vulgate) 1.875
Matthew 10 (Vulgate) 1.869
Canticles 1 (Geneva) 1.861
Job 33 (Douay-Rheims) 1.861
Romans 6 (Vulgate) 1.861
Psalms 49 (ODRV) 1.86
John 1 (Vulgate) 1.855
Canticles 1 (AKJV) 1.852
Wisdom 5 (AKJV) 1.85
Romans 8 (Vulgate) 1.833
Ephesians 2 (Tyndale) 1.832
Luke 12 (ODRV) 1.828
Luke 1 (ODRV) 1.824
Luke 19 (ODRV) 1.82
Ecclesiastes 3 (AKJV) 1.812
John 10 (ODRV) 1.803
Matthew 22 (AKJV) 1.791
Psalms 144 (AKJV) 1.78
Romans 6 (ODRV) 1.768
Ephesians 5 (ODRV) 1.748
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 1.747
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Proverbs 1.26 (Vulgate) 3.635
Proverbs 5.5 (Vulgate) 3.635
Philippians 2.12 (AKJV) 3.587
Job 4.12 (Vulgate) 1.818
Job 4.12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.818
Canticles 2.14 (Vulgate) 1.818
Job 4.13 (Vulgate) 1.818
Exodus 20.19 (Vulgate) 1.818
Psalms 49.17 (Vulgate) 1.818
Luke 16.29 (Vulgate) 1.818
Isaiah 28.23 (Vulgate) 1.818
Hosea 11.3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.818
Psalms 76.5 (Vulgate) 1.818
Psalms 94.7 (Vulgate) 1.818
John 1.23 (Vulgate) 1.818
Job 10.19 (Vulgate) 1.818
2 Kings 13.15 (Vulgate) 1.818
Job 29.2 (Vulgate) 1.818
Job 3.25 (Vulgate) 1.818
John 8.1 (Vulgate) 1.817
Romans 16.19 (Vulgate) 1.817
Matthew 22.33 (AKJV) 1.817
Canticles 4.9 (Vulgate) 1.817
Psalms 54.23 (Vulgate) 1.817
2 Peter 2.21 (Vulgate) 1.817
Psalms 80.12 (ODRV) 1.817
Job 33.14 (Vulgate) 1.817
Job 33.14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.817
John 10.11 (Vulgate) 1.817
Luke 1.28 (Wycliffe) 1.817
Wisdom 5.8 (Vulgate) 1.817
Romans 6.21 (Vulgate) 1.817
Romans 8.28 (Vulgate) 1.817
Matthew 25.13 (Vulgate) 1.817
Luke 19.28 (ODRV) 1.816
Psalms 49.16 (ODRV) 1.816
Psalms 49.17 (ODRV) 1.816
Matthew 10.16 (Vulgate) 1.816
John 15.22 (Vulgate) 1.816
Psalms 75.6 (Vulgate) 1.816
Luke 1.28 (ODRV) 1.815
Ecclesiastes 3.15 (AKJV) 1.815
Luke 12.35 (ODRV) 1.815
Canticles 1.14 (Geneva) 1.814
Romans 6.21 (ODRV) 1.813
Canticles 1.15 (AKJV) 1.811
Matthew 6.20 (AKJV) 1.811
John 10.4 (ODRV) 1.81
Wisdom 5.10 (AKJV) 1.809
Ephesians 2.4 (Tyndale) 1.801
Psalms 144.4 (AKJV) 1.796
Ephesians 5.16 (ODRV) 1.794
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.942
Evenness: 0.993
Book Prominence
Apocalypse 9.983
Haggai 4.945
Canticles 4.477
2 Kings 3.887
Galatians 3.468
Philippians 3.439
Ecclesiastes 3.437
1 Timothy 3.382
Exodus 3.152
2 Corinthians 3.051
Job 3.017
Proverbs 2.572
Luke 2.39
John 2.3
1 Corinthians 2.094
Romans 1.593
Matthew 1.534
Psalms 1.058
Diversity: 0.975
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
Apocalypse 10 4.643
John 10 4.453
Apocalypse 3 2.297
Psalms 100 2.295
2 Kings 13 2.292
Job 33 2.282
Haggai 1 2.279
Psalms 76 2.265
Job 4 2.262
Job 15 2.259
Job 29 2.254
Psalms 75 2.249
Canticles 1 2.245
Job 10 2.242
Job 2 2.242
Job 21 2.24
Canticles 2 2.238
Psalms 84 2.237
Psalms 145 2.232
Job 3 2.229
Psalms 115 2.221
Psalms 49 2.218
Psalms 89 2.216
Proverbs 1 2.197
Exodus 20 2.181
Ecclesiastes 9 2.169
Romans 16 2.163
Luke 19 2.126
John 15 2.123
1 Corinthians 14 2.101
2 Corinthians 6 2.087
1 Timothy 2 2.066
Galatians 6 2.064
John 1 2.057
Luke 16 2.042
Romans 6 2.034
Matthew 10 2.031
Philippians 2 2.021
Matthew 25 1.932
1 Corinthians 11 1.914
Romans 8 1.748
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.996
Verse Prominence
Apocalypse 10.6 4.345
John 10.16 4.339
Job 29.2 2.173
Job 4.12 2.173
Exodus 20.9 2.173
Apocalypse 3.15 2.173
Job 15.14 2.172
John 1.26 2.172
Psalms 115.9 2.172
Job 33.15 2.172
Job 15.21 2.172
Psalms 84.9 2.172
Psalms 49.16 2.172
John 1.23 2.171
Job 3.25 2.171
1 Corinthians 14.10 2.171
Canticles 1.1 2.171
Canticles 1.15 2.171
Job 33.14 2.171
John 1.19 2.17
Romans 16.19 2.17
Luke 19.13 2.169
Psalms 76.5 2.169
Psalms 100.3 2.169
Psalms 49.17 2.168
Luke 16.29 2.168
Matthew 25.13 2.167
Psalms 145.16 2.167
Haggai 1.2 2.165
Job 21.13 2.164
Canticles 2.14 2.162
Ecclesiastes 9.1 2.161
Job 2.3 2.161
John 15.22 2.161
Proverbs 1.24 2.159
Romans 6.21 2.156
Matthew 10.16 2.15
John 10.11 2.149
1 Corinthians 11.28 2.144
2 Corinthians 6.2 2.144
Philippians 2.12 2.139
Romans 8.28 2.13
Galatians 6.10 2.124
1 Timothy 2.1 2.097
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase