Bernard, Samuel, 1590 or 91-1657

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 15.8% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 13.2% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 81.5% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 1.3% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.7% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 17.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 9.9% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.3% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 1.0% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 1.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 1.0% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.909
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 4.937
Apocrypha (AKJV) 3.994
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.663
Old Testament (ODRV) 2.584
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.946
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.112
New Testament (Tyndale) -0.439
New Testament (ODRV) -1.382
New Testament (Geneva) -1.442
Old Testament (AKJV) -1.751
New Testament (AKJV) -2.494
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 0.998
Book Prominence
1 Peter (Geneva) 3.58
1 Peter (Vulgate) 2.014
2 Paralipomenon (Douay-Rheims) 1.898
2 Kings (Geneva) 1.897
Amos (AKJV) 1.874
Malachi (AKJV) 1.873
2 Esdras (AKJV) 1.839
1 Samuel (Geneva) 1.832
Ezekiel (Geneva) 1.779
Hosea (AKJV) 1.763
Wisdom (AKJV) 1.725
Ezekiel (AKJV) 1.692
2 Samuel (AKJV) 1.678
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.666
Revelation (Tyndale) 1.657
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.624
1 Peter (Tyndale) 1.56
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.552
Revelation (Geneva) 1.542
Revelation (AKJV) 1.533
Revelation (ODRV) 1.526
Genesis (Geneva) 1.495
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.483
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 1.466
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.461
Galatians (AKJV) 1.408
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.389
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.378
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 1.358
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.319
Philippians (ODRV) 1.302
Ephesians (Geneva) 1.299
Luke (Geneva) 1.234
Genesis (AKJV) 1.227
Job (AKJV) 1.169
Hebrews (AKJV) 1.164
John (AKJV) 1.047
Luke (AKJV) 1.002
Psalms (ODRV) 0.984
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.922
Romans (ODRV) 0.92
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.836
Matthew (ODRV) 0.8
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.638
Psalms (Geneva) 0.573
Romans (AKJV) 0.465
Psalms (AKJV) -0.08
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
Genesis 2 (AKJV) 3.445
1 Peter 4 (Geneva) 3.434
1 Peter 3 (Vulgate) 1.749
Ezekiel 24 (AKJV) 1.748
1 Samuel 3 (Geneva) 1.748
2 Paralipomenon 36 (Douay-Rheims) 1.746
Psalms 38 (ODRV) 1.745
Ezekiel 17 (AKJV) 1.745
Ezekiel 20 (AKJV) 1.744
Ezekiel 24 (Geneva) 1.742
Jeremiah 12 (AKJV) 1.741
2 Esdras 14 (AKJV) 1.741
2 Kings 23 (Geneva) 1.739
Genesis 29 (AKJV) 1.738
Ecclesiasticus 19 (Douay-Rheims) 1.735
Revelation 19 (AKJV) 1.734
Revelation 3 (Tyndale) 1.733
Ecclesiastes 6 (AKJV) 1.73
Hosea 5 (AKJV) 1.73
1 Samuel 3 (AKJV) 1.73
Revelation 12 (Geneva) 1.728
Amos 3 (AKJV) 1.728
Wisdom 1 (AKJV) 1.725
2 Samuel 15 (AKJV) 1.72
1 Peter 3 (ODRV) 1.712
Genesis 2 (Geneva) 1.711
Proverbs 31 (AKJV) 1.711
Proverbs 31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.708
Job 1 (AKJV) 1.705
Ephesians 1 (Geneva) 1.698
Revelation 14 (ODRV) 1.698
Ecclesiasticus 33 (AKJV) 1.696
Malachi 3 (AKJV) 1.695
Psalms 46 (AKJV) 1.695
John 11 (AKJV) 1.691
Psalms 27 (AKJV) 1.69
Luke 22 (Geneva) 1.683
Luke 22 (AKJV) 1.679
Revelation 14 (Tyndale) 1.67
Matthew 25 (ODRV) 1.648
1 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 1.644
Psalms 44 (AKJV) 1.643
Psalms 119 (Geneva) 1.637
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 1.624
Ephesians 5 (Geneva) 1.618
Ephesians 5 (ODRV) 1.615
1 Peter 2 (AKJV) 1.601
Hebrews 11 (AKJV) 1.6
1 Peter 2 (Tyndale) 1.584
Galatians 5 (AKJV) 1.581
Romans 8 (ODRV) 1.57
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 1.563
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 1.547
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 1.543
Romans 8 (AKJV) 1.452
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
Genesis 2.24 (AKJV) 3.22
1 Peter 4.17 (Geneva) 3.22
Ezekiel 24.18 (Geneva) 1.612
Genesis 2.24 (Geneva) 1.612
Jeremiah 12.7 (AKJV) 1.612
Ezekiel 24.21 (AKJV) 1.612
Ezekiel 20.11 (AKJV) 1.612
1 Peter 3.2 (ODRV) 1.612
1 Peter 3.5 (Vulgate) 1.612
Ecclesiasticus 19.11 (Douay-Rheims) 1.612
2 Esdras 14.2 (AKJV) 1.612
Ecclesiasticus 33.25 (AKJV) 1.612
Ezekiel 24.16 (AKJV) 1.611
Revelation 12.2 (Geneva) 1.611
Psalms 38.10 (ODRV) 1.611
Revelation 3.19 (Tyndale) 1.611
Psalms 27.10 (AKJV) 1.611
Revelation 19.7 (AKJV) 1.611
Wisdom 1.15 (AKJV) 1.611
1 Samuel 3.18 (Geneva) 1.61
Genesis 29.20 (AKJV) 1.609
1 Corinthians 11.32 (Geneva) 1.609
Ecclesiastes 6.9 (AKJV) 1.609
2 Paralipomenon 36.16 (Douay-Rheims) 1.609
Romans 8.35 (ODRV) 1.609
Ezekiel 17.1 (AKJV) 1.608
2 Samuel 15.26 (AKJV) 1.608
Hebrews 11.4 (AKJV) 1.607
Malachi 3.3 (AKJV) 1.606
Ephesians 5.25 (Geneva) 1.606
Proverbs 31.11 (AKJV) 1.606
1 Corinthians 15.53 (AKJV) 1.606
Ephesians 1.11 (Geneva) 1.605
Amos 3.2 (AKJV) 1.605
Proverbs 31.30 (Douay-Rheims) 1.605
John 11.35 (AKJV) 1.605
Psalms 119.71 (Geneva) 1.604
1 Peter 2.23 (AKJV) 1.604
Psalms 44.22 (AKJV) 1.603
Ephesians 5.28 (ODRV) 1.603
Proverbs 31.30 (AKJV) 1.603
2 Kings 23.25 (Geneva) 1.603
1 Samuel 3.18 (AKJV) 1.603
Psalms 119.67 (AKJV) 1.602
Luke 22.42 (AKJV) 1.602
1 Peter 2.23 (Tyndale) 1.602
Hosea 5.15 (AKJV) 1.6
Romans 8.39 (AKJV) 1.595
Luke 22.42 (Geneva) 1.595
2 Timothy 3.15 (AKJV) 1.595
Psalms 46.1 (AKJV) 1.593
Job 1.21 (AKJV) 1.59
Proverbs 31.31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.589
Matthew 25.34 (ODRV) 1.588
Romans 8.28 (AKJV) 1.585
Galatians 5.22 (AKJV) 1.582
Romans 8.37 (AKJV) 1.578
Revelation 14.13 (ODRV) 1.572
Revelation 14.13 (Tyndale) 1.549
Philippians 2.8 (ODRV) 1.511
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.967
Evenness: 0.994
Book Prominence
1 Peter 3.815
Proverbs 3.191
1 Chronicles 2.274
Amos 2.172
Lamentations 2.159
Canticles 2.155
Malachi 1.992
Hosea 1.669
2 Chronicles 1.656
2 Kings 1.565
Mark 1.542
Daniel 1.503
2 Timothy 1.429
Ezekiel 1.274
2 Samuel 1.238
1 Samuel 1.155
Galatians 1.146
Ecclesiastes 1.115
Revelation 0.974
Deuteronomy 0.905
Jeremiah 0.834
Ephesians 0.793
Job 0.695
Genesis 0.367
Hebrews 0.305
Luke 0.068
Acts 0.039
John -0.022
1 Corinthians -0.228
Romans -0.729
Matthew -0.788
Psalms -1.264
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 0.996
Chapter Prominence
Proverbs 31 2.834
1 Peter 3 2.797
1 Peter 4 2.79
Jeremiah 46 1.481
Canticles 7 1.475
Genesis 35 1.466
Genesis 29 1.464
Ezekiel 24 1.459
Daniel 10 1.459
Genesis 23 1.454
Ezekiel 11 1.448
Job 42 1.447
2 Chronicles 36 1.446
Jeremiah 12 1.44
2 Chronicles 35 1.436
2 Chronicles 15 1.436
Hosea 5 1.433
1 Samuel 3 1.426
2 Kings 23 1.425
Mark 10 1.422
Amos 3 1.418
Job 7 1.416
Revelation 19 1.414
1 Chronicles 29 1.413
Psalms 46 1.413
Ezekiel 20 1.41
Ecclesiastes 2 1.41
Genesis 22 1.402
Lamentations 4 1.395
2 Samuel 18 1.39
Psalms 27 1.386
Psalms 68 1.382
Deuteronomy 4 1.375
2 Samuel 15 1.374
Psalms 39 1.351
Ecclesiastes 9 1.336
Genesis 2 1.334
Revelation 14 1.332
Genesis 1 1.328
Job 1 1.312
Hebrews 2 1.308
Ecclesiastes 7 1.3
John 11 1.295
Matthew 19 1.283
Malachi 3 1.283
Ephesians 1 1.281
Revelation 3 1.274
Acts 20 1.271
Luke 22 1.248
Galatians 5 1.23
Matthew 23 1.225
2 Timothy 3 1.223
Hebrews 10 1.218
1 Peter 1 1.202
Ephesians 5 1.194
Matthew 26 1.157
Hebrews 12 1.134
Matthew 25 1.098
Hebrews 11 1.088
1 Corinthians 15 1.086
Psalms 119 1.085
1 Corinthians 11 1.081
1 Peter 2 0.987
Romans 8 0.915
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.996
Verse Prominence
1 Peter 3.5 2.35
1 Peter 3.6 2.338
1 Peter 4.17 2.333
Proverbs 31.30 2.303
Jeremiah 46.23 1.176
Canticles 7.6 1.174
Genesis 29.20 1.174
2 Chronicles 35.23 1.174
1 Chronicles 29.16 1.174
Daniel 10.11 1.174
Ezekiel 20.11 1.174
Ephesians 5.28 1.173
Job 1.15 1.173
Jeremiah 12.7 1.173
Luke 22.42 1.173
Job 42.10 1.173
Genesis 2.23 1.172
Genesis 22.2 1.172
Matthew 19.5 1.172
Job 1.14 1.172
Mark 10.29 1.172
Job 42.7 1.172
1 Peter 3.2 1.172
Matthew 26.12 1.172
Ezekiel 24.16 1.171
Proverbs 31.11 1.171
Genesis 35.18 1.171
2 Samuel 15.25 1.171
Psalms 68.5 1.171
Genesis 2.22 1.17
Deuteronomy 4.8 1.17
Revelation 19.7 1.17
Malachi 3.3 1.169
1 Chronicles 29.12 1.169
Mark 10.30 1.169
Psalms 27.10 1.169
Genesis 2.24 1.168
Matthew 23.35 1.168
Ephesians 1.11 1.167
Genesis 23.2 1.165
Romans 8.36 1.165
Psalms 119.67 1.165
1 Corinthians 11.32 1.165
Hebrews 12.8 1.165
Ephesians 5.32 1.165
Psalms 119.71 1.162
2 Chronicles 36.16 1.162
Hebrews 11.4 1.162
Genesis 1.27 1.161
Psalms 39.9 1.159
Hebrews 11.35 1.159
1 Samuel 3.18 1.159
Romans 8.35 1.159
1 Peter 3.4 1.158
2 Samuel 18.33 1.158
1 Peter 2.23 1.158
2 Kings 23.25 1.157
2 Chronicles 35.25 1.157
1 Peter 1.7 1.157
Psalms 46.1 1.157
1 Corinthians 15.53 1.157
Hebrews 10.34 1.157
John 11.35 1.157
Revelation 3.19 1.156
Hosea 5.15 1.156
Hebrews 12.6 1.155
Amos 3.2 1.154
Ephesians 5.25 1.153
Genesis 1.26 1.153
Hebrews 2.10 1.153
Ecclesiastes 7.1 1.153
2 Timothy 3.15 1.146
Romans 8.39 1.142
Hebrews 11.37 1.14
Job 1.21 1.139
Matthew 25.34 1.136
Romans 8.28 1.132
Lamentations 4.20 1.132
Galatians 5.22 1.129
Acts 20.28 1.117
Revelation 14.13 1.102
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase