Gatford, Lionel, d. 1665

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 10.4% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 6.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 77.3% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.3% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 18.7% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 10.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.738
Evenness: 0.757
Part Prominence
Old Testament (AKJV) 33.603
Old Testament (Geneva) 13.019
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) -0.45
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -0.737
Apocrypha (AKJV) -1.393
Old Testament (ODRV) -2.804
New Testament (Tyndale) -5.827
New Testament (ODRV) -6.77
New Testament (Geneva) -6.829
New Testament (AKJV) -7.881
Diversity: 0.946
Evenness: 0.912
Book Prominence
Psalms (AKJV) 15.484
Psalms (Geneva) 7.313
Judges (AKJV) 4.163
Psalms (Douay-Rheims) 2.88
Amos (AKJV) 2.732
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 2.134
Isaiah (Geneva) 2.107
Matthew (ODRV) 1.658
Nahum (AKJV) 1.435
1 Chronicles (Geneva) 1.388
Joel (Geneva) 1.368
1 Maccabees (AKJV) 1.366
Joel (AKJV) 1.357
Micah (Douay-Rheims) 1.353
1 Paralipomenon (Douay-Rheims) 1.344
1 Chronicles (AKJV) 1.33
Romans (AKJV) 1.323
Mark (Tyndale) 1.281
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 1.139
2 Chronicles (AKJV) 1.109
Ezekiel (AKJV) 1.079
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.053
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.047
Philippians (Geneva) 1.034
Hebrews (Tyndale) 1.007
Jeremiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.993
2 Timothy (AKJV) 0.939
Exodus (AKJV) 0.907
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.87
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.853
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 0.776
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.745
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.713
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.706
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.615
Luke (ODRV) 0.577
Matthew (Geneva) 0.429
Psalms (ODRV) 0.371
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.369
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.362
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.309
Romans (ODRV) 0.307
Matthew (AKJV) 0.062
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.025
Diversity: 0.964
Evenness: 0.933
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 122 (AKJV) 13.664
Psalms 122 (Geneva) 6.805
Judges 5 (AKJV) 3.415
Psalms 28 (Douay-Rheims) 2.293
Isaiah 52 (Douay-Rheims) 2.29
Ezekiel 22 (Douay-Rheims) 2.29
Jeremiah 48 (Douay-Rheims) 2.28
Isaiah 53 (Geneva) 2.256
Amos 5 (AKJV) 2.253
Romans 10 (AKJV) 2.199
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 2.075
2 Chronicles 11 (AKJV) 1.149
Mark 3 (Tyndale) 1.148
1 Chronicles 22 (Geneva) 1.147
1 Paralipomenon 22 (Douay-Rheims) 1.146
1 Chronicles 22 (AKJV) 1.145
1 Maccabees 3 (AKJV) 1.143
Psalms 121 (ODRV) 1.142
Isaiah 52 (AKJV) 1.141
Nahum 1 (AKJV) 1.14
Ecclesiasticus 34 (Douay-Rheims) 1.139
Joel 3 (Geneva) 1.138
Isaiah 62 (AKJV) 1.138
Ecclesiasticus 3 (AKJV) 1.135
Jeremiah 29 (Douay-Rheims) 1.134
Ezekiel 22 (AKJV) 1.134
Micah 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.13
Joel 3 (AKJV) 1.126
Psalms 64 (AKJV) 1.125
1 Samuel 4 (AKJV) 1.123
Proverbs 16 (Douay-Rheims) 1.123
Isaiah 58 (AKJV) 1.118
Jeremiah 2 (AKJV) 1.117
Exodus 32 (AKJV) 1.116
Psalms 141 (AKJV) 1.115
Ezekiel 18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.114
Hebrews 4 (Geneva) 1.114
Proverbs 15 (AKJV) 1.109
Philippians 4 (Geneva) 1.108
Galatians 4 (Tyndale) 1.107
Hebrews 12 (Tyndale) 1.107
Psalms 85 (AKJV) 1.107
Luke 2 (ODRV) 1.107
Jeremiah 5 (AKJV) 1.1
Matthew 18 (Geneva) 1.098
Psalms 58 (AKJV) 1.098
1 Corinthians 7 (Tyndale) 1.097
Psalms 27 (AKJV) 1.085
Romans 1 (ODRV) 1.064
1 Corinthians 10 (Tyndale) 1.06
1 Corinthians 6 (AKJV) 1.054
Romans 10 (ODRV) 1.047
1 Corinthians 12 (AKJV) 1.032
1 Peter 1 (AKJV) 1.026
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 1.019
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 1.01
1 Corinthians 11 (ODRV) 1.008
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 1.0
Romans 2 (AKJV) 0.979
Romans 8 (AKJV) 0.847
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 0.813
Diversity: 0.971
Evenness: 0.942
Verse Prominence
Psalms 122.6 (AKJV) 11.924
Psalms 122.6 (Geneva) 5.94
Judges 5.23 (AKJV) 2.991
1 Chronicles 22.8 (AKJV) 1.999
Ezekiel 22.25 (Douay-Rheims) 1.999
Isaiah 52.7 (Douay-Rheims) 1.998
Psalms 28.11 (Douay-Rheims) 1.995
Matthew 5.9 (ODRV) 1.988
Isaiah 53.7 (Geneva) 1.988
Jeremiah 48.10 (Douay-Rheims) 1.988
Psalms 122.4 (AKJV) 1.986
Romans 10.15 (AKJV) 1.985
Amos 5.24 (AKJV) 1.979
2 Chronicles 11.17 (AKJV) 1.0
1 Maccabees 3.4 (AKJV) 1.0
Mark 3.26 (Tyndale) 1.0
Nahum 1.15 (AKJV) 1.0
Ezekiel 22.28 (AKJV) 1.0
1 Corinthians 6.6 (AKJV) 0.999
1 Chronicles 22.7 (AKJV) 0.999
1 Chronicles 22.9 (Geneva) 0.999
1 Chronicles 22.9 (AKJV) 0.999
1 Paralipomenon 22.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.999
Romans 10.15 (ODRV) 0.999
Isaiah 52.8 (AKJV) 0.999
Psalms 64.7 (AKJV) 0.999
Judges 5.17 (AKJV) 0.999
Ecclesiasticus 3.25 (AKJV) 0.999
Ecclesiasticus 34.26 (Douay-Rheims) 0.998
Proverbs 16.12 (Douay-Rheims) 0.998
Exodus 32.29 (AKJV) 0.998
Joel 3.10 (Geneva) 0.998
Jeremiah 29.7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.997
Psalms 121.3 (ODRV) 0.997
Psalms 64.6 (AKJV) 0.997
Micah 4.2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.996
Psalms 64.5 (AKJV) 0.996
Psalms 64.8 (AKJV) 0.996
Psalms 64.9 (AKJV) 0.996
Isaiah 58.1 (AKJV) 0.996
Jeremiah 5.30 (AKJV) 0.996
Jeremiah 5.31 (AKJV) 0.996
Hebrews 4.16 (Geneva) 0.996
Isaiah 62.1 (AKJV) 0.996
1 Corinthians 7.26 (Tyndale) 0.995
Jeremiah 2.11 (AKJV) 0.995
Matthew 18.7 (Geneva) 0.994
Ezekiel 18.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.994
Philippians 4.7 (Geneva) 0.993
Psalms 122.5 (Geneva) 0.993
Romans 1.29 (ODRV) 0.993
1 Samuel 4.22 (AKJV) 0.993
1 Corinthians 10.3 (AKJV) 0.993
Psalms 141.2 (AKJV) 0.992
1 Corinthians 10.4 (Tyndale) 0.992
Proverbs 15.8 (AKJV) 0.991
Matthew 6.10 (AKJV) 0.991
1 Corinthians 12.20 (AKJV) 0.991
Romans 2.24 (AKJV) 0.991
Joel 3.10 (AKJV) 0.991
Galatians 4.26 (Tyndale) 0.99
Hebrews 12.22 (Tyndale) 0.99
Psalms 58.5 (AKJV) 0.989
Matthew 6.11 (AKJV) 0.988
Luke 2.14 (ODRV) 0.988
Psalms 85.10 (AKJV) 0.983
2 Timothy 3.15 (AKJV) 0.982
Psalms 27.4 (AKJV) 0.98
1 Peter 1.19 (AKJV) 0.979
Psalms 107.23 (AKJV) 0.978
Romans 8.26 (AKJV) 0.975
1 Corinthians 11.20 (ODRV) 0.975
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.958
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Nahum 3.974
1 Chronicles 3.499
Judges 3.009
2 Chronicles 2.882
2 Kings 2.79
Mark 2.767
2 Timothy 2.655
Numbers 2.648
1 Kings 2.633
Ezekiel 2.499
2 Samuel 2.463
1 Samuel 2.381
Galatians 2.372
Deuteronomy 2.13
Jeremiah 2.06
Exodus 2.055
Hebrews 1.53
Proverbs 1.475
Luke 1.293
Acts 1.264
Isaiah 0.986
Romans 0.497
Matthew 0.437
Psalms -0.039
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
Isaiah 52 4.031
2 Chronicles 11 2.025
Nahum 1 2.019
1 Chronicles 22 2.017
Psalms 125 2.012
1 Kings 6 2.012
2 Chronicles 6 2.011
Deuteronomy 11 2.011
2 Kings 1 2.009
Psalms 64 2.005
Mark 5 2.003
2 Samuel 5 2.0
Psalms 29 1.997
Deuteronomy 7 1.995
Psalms 141 1.994
Jeremiah 48 1.993
1 Samuel 7 1.993
Jeremiah 29 1.985
Numbers 25 1.985
Psalms 85 1.975
1 Samuel 4 1.974
Ezekiel 22 1.973
2 Samuel 7 1.966
Proverbs 15 1.955
Psalms 84 1.953
Jeremiah 6 1.952
Isaiah 66 1.949
Psalms 27 1.934
Judges 5 1.933
Psalms 122 1.93
Psalms 42 1.925
Isaiah 58 1.921
Isaiah 6 1.916
Luke 9 1.913
Psalms 106 1.909
Exodus 32 1.899
Jeremiah 5 1.892
Isaiah 2 1.889
Matthew 8 1.856
Galatians 4 1.851
Luke 19 1.841
Acts 10 1.841
2 Timothy 3 1.771
Acts 17 1.765
Isaiah 1 1.753
Hebrews 12 1.682
Matthew 5 1.553
Romans 8 1.463
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.998
Verse Prominence
Isaiah 52.7 3.625
1 Chronicles 22.7 1.817
1 Chronicles 22.8 1.817
Nahum 1.15 1.817
Deuteronomy 7.1 1.817
Judges 5.16 1.817
Judges 5.17 1.817
Isaiah 6.12 1.817
1 Samuel 7.14 1.817
2 Samuel 5.5 1.816
2 Samuel 7.1 1.816
1 Chronicles 22.10 1.816
1 Kings 6.38 1.816
Isaiah 66.12 1.816
2 Chronicles 11.17 1.816
Ezekiel 22.28 1.816
Isaiah 6.11 1.816
Jeremiah 6.19 1.816
Psalms 125.5 1.815
1 Chronicles 22.9 1.815
Deuteronomy 7.2 1.815
Ezekiel 22.25 1.815
1 Samuel 7.15 1.815
Psalms 29.11 1.814
Mark 5.9 1.814
Psalms 106.20 1.814
Exodus 32.29 1.814
1 Samuel 4.22 1.813
1 Chronicles 22.16 1.813
1 Samuel 7.16 1.813
Jeremiah 5.30 1.811
Psalms 29.2 1.809
Jeremiah 29.7 1.808
Psalms 141.2 1.807
Galatians 4.26 1.806
Isaiah 6.9 1.806
Proverbs 15.8 1.805
Isaiah 6.10 1.805
Isaiah 2.3 1.804
Luke 9.54 1.803
Matthew 5.9 1.802
Isaiah 58.1 1.802
Judges 5.23 1.802
Luke 9.55 1.802
Jeremiah 5.31 1.802
Jeremiah 48.10 1.797
Hebrews 12.22 1.794
Psalms 85.10 1.793
Luke 19.42 1.792
Psalms 27.4 1.79
2 Timothy 3.15 1.788
Romans 8.26 1.785
Acts 17.23 1.772
Psalms 122.6 1.767
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase