J. D

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 4.9% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.6% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 90.0% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 1.0% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.2% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 7.1% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 3.4% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.8% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.7% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.7% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.893
Evenness: 0.987
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Vulgate) 15.83
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 4.937
Old Testament (ODRV) 2.584
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.946
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.112
New Testament (Tyndale) -0.439
New Testament (ODRV) -1.382
New Testament (Geneva) -1.442
Old Testament (AKJV) -1.751
New Testament (AKJV) -2.494
Diversity: 0.96
Evenness: 0.961
Book Prominence
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 10.621
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 8.372
Job (Vulgate) 4.492
Psalms (Vulgate) 2.084
Leviticus (Geneva) 2.075
Canticles (AKJV) 2.003
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.849
Revelation (Tyndale) 1.847
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.824
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.788
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.734
1 John (AKJV) 1.696
James (AKJV) 1.647
Job (Douay-Rheims) 1.635
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.578
Job (Geneva) 1.545
Luke (Tyndale) 1.505
Ephesians (Geneva) 1.489
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.439
John (Tyndale) 1.437
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.434
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.432
Luke (Geneva) 1.423
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.417
Hebrews (AKJV) 1.354
John (ODRV) 1.272
John (AKJV) 1.236
Matthew (Geneva) 1.232
Luke (AKJV) 1.192
Psalms (ODRV) 1.173
Romans (ODRV) 1.109
Matthew (AKJV) 0.864
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.828
Psalms (Geneva) 0.762
Romans (AKJV) 0.655
Psalms (AKJV) 0.11
Diversity: 0.973
Evenness: 0.972
Chapter Prominence
2 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 8.363
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 6.601
Job 29 (Vulgate) 3.388
Psalms 48 (Vulgate) 1.693
Leviticus 21 (Geneva) 1.688
Ecclesiasticus 14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.681
Matthew 17 (Geneva) 1.677
Psalms 102 (Geneva) 1.677
Isaiah 28 (Geneva) 1.672
Job 29 (Douay-Rheims) 1.672
Psalms 148 (AKJV) 1.671
Psalms 102 (ODRV) 1.671
Psalms 90 (Geneva) 1.669
Job 2 (Douay-Rheims) 1.669
Job 4 (Geneva) 1.668
Canticles 4 (AKJV) 1.665
Psalms 144 (Geneva) 1.664
2 Corinthians 13 (Geneva) 1.664
Hebrews 1 (AKJV) 1.662
Luke 24 (Geneva) 1.661
Revelation 21 (Tyndale) 1.66
Proverbs 31 (Geneva) 1.66
2 Corinthians 13 (AKJV) 1.654
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 1.647
1 Timothy 4 (ODRV) 1.646
Galatians 2 (Tyndale) 1.641
John 11 (Tyndale) 1.637
John 14 (Tyndale) 1.634
1 Corinthians 1 (Tyndale) 1.633
Luke 10 (Tyndale) 1.63
1 Corinthians 2 (Tyndale) 1.626
John 14 (ODRV) 1.616
James 4 (AKJV) 1.615
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 1.612
John 1 (AKJV) 1.607
Luke 1 (AKJV) 1.605
2 Corinthians 5 (Tyndale) 1.597
1 Corinthians 12 (Tyndale) 1.595
Romans 11 (AKJV) 1.592
1 Corinthians 7 (AKJV) 1.592
Matthew 23 (AKJV) 1.583
Romans 6 (ODRV) 1.576
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 1.572
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 1.569
2 Peter 1 (AKJV) 1.568
Psalms 82 (AKJV) 1.567
Psalms 122 (AKJV) 1.566
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 1.559
1 John 3 (AKJV) 1.555
2 Corinthians 5 (AKJV) 1.547
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 1.461
Diversity: 0.974
Evenness: 0.974
Verse Prominence
2 Corinthians 5.1 (Geneva) 8.17
2 Corinthians 5.1 (ODRV) 6.497
Job 29.18 (Vulgate) 3.278
Ecclesiasticus 14.24 (Douay-Rheims) 1.639
Psalms 48.12 (Vulgate) 1.639
Hebrews 1.11 (AKJV) 1.638
Psalms 102.26 (Geneva) 1.638
Leviticus 21.18 (Geneva) 1.638
Job 29.18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.638
2 Corinthians 13.4 (Geneva) 1.638
Luke 24.10 (Geneva) 1.637
John 11.1 (Tyndale) 1.637
Matthew 23.12 (AKJV) 1.637
Job 2.10 (Douay-Rheims) 1.637
Romans 11.35 (AKJV) 1.637
1 Corinthians 12.13 (Tyndale) 1.637
John 1.13 (AKJV) 1.636
Matthew 17.2 (Geneva) 1.636
Psalms 102.15 (ODRV) 1.636
Canticles 4.11 (AKJV) 1.636
Isaiah 28.29 (Geneva) 1.635
2 Peter 1.14 (AKJV) 1.635
1 Corinthians 3.22 (AKJV) 1.635
Psalms 16.3 (AKJV) 1.635
2 Corinthians 13.4 (AKJV) 1.635
Psalms 148.3 (AKJV) 1.634
Psalms 90.6 (Geneva) 1.634
1 Corinthians 15.42 (Tyndale) 1.634
Ephesians 4.29 (Geneva) 1.633
Revelation 21.4 (Tyndale) 1.632
Luke 1.6 (AKJV) 1.632
Job 4.19 (Geneva) 1.63
2 Corinthians 5.2 (AKJV) 1.63
1 John 3.14 (AKJV) 1.63
Romans 6.9 (ODRV) 1.63
1 Corinthians 9.27 (AKJV) 1.629
John 14.2 (Tyndale) 1.629
Luke 10.42 (Tyndale) 1.629
1 Timothy 4.8 (ODRV) 1.628
Psalms 144.4 (Geneva) 1.628
1 Corinthians 1.26 (Tyndale) 1.628
2 Corinthians 5.2 (Tyndale) 1.627
James 4.14 (AKJV) 1.627
Proverbs 31.29 (Geneva) 1.627
John 14.3 (ODRV) 1.626
Psalms 122.1 (AKJV) 1.621
1 Corinthians 2.9 (Tyndale) 1.618
Galatians 2.20 (Tyndale) 1.616
2 Corinthians 5.16 (ODRV) 1.612
1 Corinthians 7.31 (AKJV) 1.61
Romans 11.33 (AKJV) 1.607
Psalms 37.37 (AKJV) 1.587
Psalms 82.6 (AKJV) 1.554
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.955
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
Hebrews 5.697
2 Peter 2.833
1 John 2.675
1 Samuel 2.381
Galatians 2.372
Philippians 2.342
Ecclesiastes 2.341
1 Timothy 2.286
Revelation 2.2
Deuteronomy 2.13
1 Peter 2.099
Ephesians 2.018
2 Corinthians 1.955
Job 1.92
Genesis 1.592
Proverbs 1.475
Luke 1.293
Acts 1.264
John 1.204
1 Corinthians 0.998
Romans 0.497
Matthew 0.437
Psalms -0.039
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
Hebrews 4 3.221
Hebrews 11 2.986
Job 24 1.673
Psalms 87 1.669
Psalms 48 1.649
Deuteronomy 34 1.648
Job 17 1.645
Proverbs 2 1.634
Job 4 1.632
1 Samuel 4 1.629
Psalms 102 1.627
Psalms 15 1.623
Job 29 1.623
Job 19 1.621
Psalms 30 1.612
Job 21 1.609
Psalms 144 1.608
Psalms 5 1.606
Psalms 122 1.584
Psalms 103 1.578
Acts 14 1.571
Acts 12 1.559
Revelation 14 1.535
1 Corinthians 9 1.534
Galatians 2 1.531
Ecclesiastes 12 1.515
Psalms 37 1.514
Job 1 1.514
Psalms 16 1.513
Ecclesiastes 7 1.502
Job 14 1.5
1 Corinthians 7 1.496
Revelation 21 1.494
1 Timothy 4 1.472
2 Peter 1 1.46
Philippians 1 1.456
1 Corinthians 13 1.45
Luke 10 1.446
1 Corinthians 2 1.444
1 Corinthians 3 1.443
Galatians 5 1.432
John 1 1.426
Genesis 3 1.424
1 John 3 1.419
Matthew 16 1.419
Luke 16 1.412
John 14 1.412
1 Peter 1 1.404
Acts 2 1.4
1 Corinthians 1 1.36
Hebrews 13 1.358
2 Corinthians 5 1.356
Philippians 3 1.299
1 Corinthians 15 1.289
Ephesians 4 1.254
Romans 8 1.117
Romans 13 0.939
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.996
Verse Prominence
Hebrews 4.9 2.485
Hebrews 11.9 2.482
Hebrews 11.10 2.481
2 Corinthians 5.8 2.479
Job 21.26 1.249
Job 24.20 1.249
1 Samuel 4.13 1.248
Job 29.18 1.248
Revelation 21.10 1.247
Acts 12.13 1.247
1 Corinthians 15.48 1.246
Hebrews 4.11 1.246
Psalms 48.12 1.246
Psalms 5.4 1.245
Psalms 5.5 1.245
Deuteronomy 34.7 1.245
Psalms 102.26 1.245
Hebrews 11.14 1.245
1 Corinthians 15.49 1.244
Psalms 144.3 1.244
Job 1.22 1.243
Psalms 103.14 1.241
2 Peter 1.14 1.24
1 Corinthians 15.50 1.239
Revelation 21.27 1.238
Ecclesiastes 12.5 1.238
Genesis 3.5 1.238
Hebrews 11.16 1.237
1 Corinthians 3.23 1.236
Acts 2.24 1.236
1 Corinthians 3.21 1.234
Job 4.19 1.234
Job 17.14 1.234
Acts 2.23 1.234
2 Corinthians 5.6 1.234
1 Corinthians 15.54 1.234
Ephesians 4.22 1.233
John 14.3 1.232
Job 19.26 1.232
John 1.13 1.231
Psalms 16.3 1.231
Job 14.2 1.231
1 Corinthians 15.53 1.23
Psalms 122.1 1.23
1 Corinthians 1.26 1.228
Hebrews 13.14 1.228
Luke 10.16 1.227
Ecclesiastes 7.1 1.226
Acts 14.22 1.226
Luke 10.42 1.225
Hebrews 11.13 1.224
Revelation 21.4 1.223
1 John 3.14 1.223
Job 14.1 1.222
Luke 16.25 1.221
Matthew 16.26 1.221
1 Corinthians 7.31 1.217
Psalms 37.37 1.215
Job 1.21 1.212
John 14.2 1.211
Genesis 3.19 1.21
1 Corinthians 2.9 1.209
1 Corinthians 3.22 1.207
Hebrews 13.13 1.207
Philippians 3.20 1.205
1 Peter 1.24 1.204
Galatians 2.20 1.204
Galatians 5.22 1.202
Romans 8.1 1.201
Philippians 3.21 1.201
Job 1.2 1.199
2 Corinthians 5.1 1.194
1 Corinthians 13.12 1.194
Philippians 1.23 1.191
1 Timothy 4.8 1.184
Revelation 14.13 1.176
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase