J. R. (James Rossington), b. 1642 or 3

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 2.1% 0.9%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 1.3% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 88.9% 99.1%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.1% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.5% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 5.0% 0.9%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.1% 0.9%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.1% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.1% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.1% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.86
Evenness: 0.955
Part Prominence
New Testament (AKJV) 15.688
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.663
Old Testament (ODRV) 2.584
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.946
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.112
New Testament (Tyndale) -0.439
New Testament (ODRV) -1.382
New Testament (Geneva) -1.442
Old Testament (AKJV) -1.751
Diversity: 0.966
Evenness: 0.956
Book Prominence
Colossians (ODRV) 11.232
1 Peter (AKJV) 4.235
Romans (Geneva) 3.61
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 3.555
Romans (Tyndale) 2.414
Colossians (Vulgate) 1.563
Mark (Tyndale) 1.477
Hosea (Douay-Rheims) 1.458
Mark (Geneva) 1.427
Mark (AKJV) 1.422
Titus (Geneva) 1.42
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.394
Romans (Vulgate) 1.387
Hosea (AKJV) 1.346
Matthew (Vulgate) 1.346
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.243
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.235
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.208
Titus (AKJV) 1.201
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.182
Colossians (AKJV) 1.158
Acts (Geneva) 1.157
1 Timothy (Geneva) 1.139
Genesis (ODRV) 1.134
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.128
Galatians (ODRV) 1.119
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.044
Acts (ODRV) 1.013
Galatians (AKJV) 0.991
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.978
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.948
Philippians (AKJV) 0.936
Acts (AKJV) 0.892
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.86
John (Geneva) 0.843
John (Tyndale) 0.831
Luke (ODRV) 0.773
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.753
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.748
Matthew (Geneva) 0.626
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.558
Romans (ODRV) 0.503
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.42
Matthew (AKJV) 0.258
Psalms (Geneva) 0.156
Romans (AKJV) 0.049
Psalms (AKJV) -0.497
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.969
Chapter Prominence
Colossians 2 (ODRV) 8.359
1 Peter 3 (AKJV) 3.529
Romans 6 (Geneva) 3.408
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 3.407
Romans 6 (Tyndale) 2.344
Romans 2 (Tyndale) 2.334
1 Kings 30 (Douay-Rheims) 1.201
Genesis 24 (ODRV) 1.2
Matthew 27 (Vulgate) 1.2
Deuteronomy 22 (Douay-Rheims) 1.197
Psalms 47 (Geneva) 1.195
Colossians 2 (Vulgate) 1.194
Mark 10 (Geneva) 1.193
Acts 23 (ODRV) 1.192
Mark 10 (AKJV) 1.192
Acts 15 (Geneva) 1.189
Isaiah 26 (Douay-Rheims) 1.189
Hosea 6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.186
Acts 23 (AKJV) 1.183
1 Corinthians 16 (Geneva) 1.18
Hebrews 1 (ODRV) 1.179
Romans 6 (Vulgate) 1.179
Psalms 29 (AKJV) 1.178
Acts 16 (AKJV) 1.177
Acts 5 (Geneva) 1.177
2 Corinthians 8 (ODRV) 1.176
John 10 (Tyndale) 1.173
Psalms 92 (AKJV) 1.171
Acts 10 (ODRV) 1.171
Mark 16 (Geneva) 1.169
Galatians 2 (AKJV) 1.167
Mark 16 (Tyndale) 1.166
1 Peter 3 (ODRV) 1.163
Psalms 51 (Geneva) 1.162
Titus 3 (Geneva) 1.162
Romans 4 (ODRV) 1.157
Hosea 6 (AKJV) 1.155
Matthew 18 (Geneva) 1.153
Luke 6 (ODRV) 1.153
2 Corinthians 4 (Tyndale) 1.153
Galatians 2 (Tyndale) 1.151
John 11 (Geneva) 1.15
Ephesians 1 (AKJV) 1.138
Galatians 5 (Tyndale) 1.136
Romans 11 (Geneva) 1.136
Galatians 3 (ODRV) 1.132
Titus 2 (Geneva) 1.13
Romans 9 (AKJV) 1.123
1 Timothy 6 (Geneva) 1.122
Colossians 2 (AKJV) 1.121
Romans 2 (ODRV) 1.098
1 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 1.095
Galatians 5 (ODRV) 1.095
1 Timothy 2 (ODRV) 1.095
1 Corinthians 12 (ODRV) 1.094
Romans 6 (ODRV) 1.086
Matthew 10 (AKJV) 1.085
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 1.08
Colossians 3 (AKJV) 1.075
Romans 8 (Tyndale) 1.071
Matthew 18 (AKJV) 1.07
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 1.064
Titus 2 (AKJV) 1.061
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 1.05
Hebrews 10 (AKJV) 1.047
Romans 2 (Geneva) 1.038
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 1.009
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.999
Romans 8 (AKJV) 0.903
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.957
Verse Prominence
Colossians 2.12 (ODRV) 6.13
Romans 6.2 (ODRV) 6.121
Romans 6.5 (ODRV) 3.495
Romans 6.4 (ODRV) 3.494
Romans 6.4 (Geneva) 2.629
1 Peter 3.21 (AKJV) 2.624
1 Corinthians 11.16 (AKJV) 2.607
Colossians 2.19 (AKJV) 1.753
Romans 2.25 (Tyndale) 1.748
Romans 6.4 (Tyndale) 1.743
Romans 6.3 (AKJV) 1.735
Acts 15.28 (Geneva) 0.877
Genesis 24.52 (ODRV) 0.877
1 Kings 30.25 (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
John 10.20 (Tyndale) 0.877
Acts 23.15 (AKJV) 0.877
Mark 10.14 (AKJV) 0.877
Mark 10.14 (Geneva) 0.877
1 Corinthians 11.4 (AKJV) 0.876
1 Corinthians 16.1 (Geneva) 0.876
Acts 16.23 (AKJV) 0.876
Psalms 47.6 (Geneva) 0.876
Psalms 29.9 (AKJV) 0.876
Colossians 2.11 (Vulgate) 0.876
Matthew 27.33 (Vulgate) 0.876
Deuteronomy 22.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.875
Matthew 10.12 (AKJV) 0.875
Acts 23.12 (ODRV) 0.875
Colossians 2.11 (ODRV) 0.875
Colossians 2.11 (AKJV) 0.875
Titus 3.5 (Geneva) 0.875
Galatians 2.21 (AKJV) 0.875
Ephesians 1.7 (AKJV) 0.874
Romans 9.4 (AKJV) 0.874
Colossians 2.20 (ODRV) 0.874
1 Peter 3.21 (ODRV) 0.874
Galatians 5.12 (ODRV) 0.873
Acts 5.42 (Geneva) 0.873
Luke 6.12 (ODRV) 0.873
Hosea 6.6 (AKJV) 0.873
Romans 4.11 (ODRV) 0.873
Romans 6.2 (Vulgate) 0.873
Romans 2.24 (ODRV) 0.873
Acts 23.8 (ODRV) 0.873
1 Timothy 2.8 (ODRV) 0.872
Isaiah 26.7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.872
2 Corinthians 4.7 (Tyndale) 0.872
Hosea 6.6 (Douay-Rheims) 0.871
Hebrews 1.14 (ODRV) 0.871
Acts 10.47 (ODRV) 0.871
Ephesians 4.12 (ODRV) 0.87
Romans 6.1 (ODRV) 0.87
Romans 11.16 (Geneva) 0.87
2 Corinthians 8.14 (ODRV) 0.87
1 Timothy 6.9 (Geneva) 0.87
Psalms 92.1 (AKJV) 0.869
John 11.17 (Geneva) 0.869
Romans 8.13 (Tyndale) 0.869
Romans 6.6 (Tyndale) 0.869
Romans 6.3 (ODRV) 0.869
Romans 2.28 (Tyndale) 0.868
Romans 6.2 (AKJV) 0.868
1 Corinthians 11.16 (Geneva) 0.867
Galatians 2.16 (Tyndale) 0.867
Ephesians 2.12 (AKJV) 0.867
Romans 6.11 (AKJV) 0.867
Matthew 18.17 (Geneva) 0.866
Galatians 5.16 (Tyndale) 0.866
Romans 6.5 (Geneva) 0.865
Romans 6.8 (ODRV) 0.864
Psalms 51.17 (Geneva) 0.864
Romans 2.9 (Geneva) 0.864
Hebrews 10.23 (AKJV) 0.86
Romans 8.13 (AKJV) 0.86
Galatians 3.27 (ODRV) 0.86
Philippians 2.10 (AKJV) 0.859
Romans 6.3 (Geneva) 0.859
Mark 16.16 (Geneva) 0.853
Mark 16.16 (Tyndale) 0.851
1 Corinthians 12.27 (ODRV) 0.848
Colossians 1.14 (AKJV) 0.847
Titus 2.12 (Geneva) 0.843
Romans 6.5 (AKJV) 0.834
Colossians 3.2 (AKJV) 0.827
Titus 2.12 (AKJV) 0.822
Matthew 18.18 (AKJV) 0.802
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.962
Evenness: 0.996
Book Prominence
1 Peter 5.076
Zephaniah 3.235
Nehemiah 2.944
2 Thessalonians 2.689
Zechariah 2.578
Hosea 2.299
Titus 2.296
2 Chronicles 2.287
Mark 2.172
Colossians 2.062
Numbers 2.053
1 Kings 2.037
1 Samuel 1.785
Galatians 1.777
Revelation 1.605
Jeremiah 1.465
Exodus 1.46
2 Corinthians 1.359
Genesis 0.997
Luke 0.698
Acts 0.669
John 0.609
1 Corinthians 0.403
Isaiah 0.391
Romans -0.099
Matthew -0.158
Psalms -0.634
Diversity: 0.977
Evenness: 0.994
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 134 4.072
1 Peter 3 3.894
Romans 6 3.79
Revelation 15 2.011
Numbers 20 2.006
Zechariah 11 2.002
2 Chronicles 29 2.001
Zephaniah 1 2.0
Exodus 5 1.999
Psalms 95 1.996
Nehemiah 9 1.991
Mark 13 1.976
1 Samuel 14 1.974
Jeremiah 10 1.973
1 Corinthians 16 1.965
1 Samuel 17 1.965
2 Thessalonians 3 1.96
Hosea 6 1.954
1 Kings 8 1.951
Psalms 145 1.947
Acts 23 1.94
Luke 6 1.919
Isaiah 6 1.916
2 Corinthians 2 1.912
Acts 16 1.905
Acts 12 1.905
Mark 16 1.902
Acts 15 1.889
Genesis 4 1.874
Galatians 3 1.843
1 Corinthians 12 1.838
John 4 1.829
John 8 1.826
Matthew 24 1.822
Acts 20 1.82
Colossians 2 1.819
1 Corinthians 14 1.816
Titus 3 1.802
Romans 14 1.778
Galatians 5 1.778
John 1 1.772
Genesis 3 1.77
1 Corinthians 6 1.748
1 Corinthians 10 1.741
1 Corinthians 15 1.634
1 Corinthians 11 1.629
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Psalms 134.2 3.569
1 Peter 3.21 3.554
Romans 6.3 3.548
Acts 20.5 1.785
Exodus 5.20 1.785
Numbers 20.6 1.785
John 1.25 1.785
Mark 13.14 1.785
1 Kings 8.54 1.784
Exodus 5.1 1.784
1 Corinthians 14.28 1.784
Acts 12.12 1.784
John 1.28 1.784
Zephaniah 1.4 1.783
Acts 20.36 1.783
2 Chronicles 29.29 1.783
1 Samuel 14.27 1.783
Jeremiah 10.6 1.782
Zechariah 11.9 1.782
1 Samuel 17.40 1.782
Nehemiah 9.5 1.781
Acts 16.13 1.781
2 Thessalonians 3.14 1.781
1 Corinthians 6.1 1.781
Jeremiah 10.7 1.781
Zechariah 11.10 1.781
Romans 14.22 1.78
Genesis 4.16 1.78
1 Corinthians 11.18 1.78
1 Corinthians 15.29 1.78
Acts 20.21 1.779
Luke 6.12 1.779
1 Corinthians 16.2 1.779
John 8.48 1.779
Psalms 95.6 1.778
Acts 20.9 1.778
Matthew 24.27 1.778
1 Corinthians 16.1 1.778
Acts 23.12 1.778
Acts 15.28 1.776
Colossians 2.19 1.776
Galatians 3.26 1.776
John 4.22 1.775
Galatians 5.12 1.774
Genesis 4.4 1.774
Isaiah 6.2 1.774
Genesis 3.8 1.771
Hosea 6.6 1.77
1 Corinthians 12.13 1.762
1 Corinthians 10.32 1.761
Romans 6.4 1.761
Mark 16.16 1.748
1 Corinthians 11.16 1.687
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase