Jay, George

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 18.7% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 9.8% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 69.9% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 2.8% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 18.9% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 14.1% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.5% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.9% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 2.8% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.5% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.9% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.8% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.8% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.911
Evenness: 0.989
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 11.231
Old Testament (Vulgate) 5.34
Apocrypha (AKJV) 2.595
New Testament (Vulgate) 2.265
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.185
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -0.452
Old Testament (Geneva) -1.511
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.838
New Testament (ODRV) -2.781
New Testament (Geneva) -2.841
Old Testament (AKJV) -3.149
New Testament (AKJV) -3.892
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.977
Book Prominence
2 Samuel (Geneva) 6.313
Galatians (AKJV) 4.588
Tobit (Douay-Rheims) 2.539
Galatians (Geneva) 2.137
Hebrews (Geneva) 1.874
Joel (Douay-Rheims) 1.224
Matthew (AKJV) 1.223
Hebrews (Vulgate) 1.206
Joel (AKJV) 1.202
Psalms (Vulgate) 1.127
Malachi (AKJV) 1.105
Daniel (AKJV) 1.056
James (Tyndale) 1.048
Daniel (Geneva) 1.004
Hosea (AKJV) 0.995
2 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 0.981
2 Timothy (Geneva) 0.963
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 0.937
2 Samuel (AKJV) 0.911
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 0.884
Philippians (Geneva) 0.879
1 Peter (ODRV) 0.857
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.831
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 0.826
1 John (ODRV) 0.824
Acts (Geneva) 0.806
1 Peter (Tyndale) 0.793
Acts (Tyndale) 0.784
Genesis (ODRV) 0.783
Revelation (Geneva) 0.774
Galatians (ODRV) 0.768
Revelation (AKJV) 0.766
Genesis (Geneva) 0.728
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.715
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.698
James (AKJV) 0.69
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.678
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 0.61
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.597
Job (Geneva) 0.588
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.573
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.551
Luke (Tyndale) 0.548
Acts (AKJV) 0.541
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.482
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.477
Luke (Geneva) 0.466
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.46
Genesis (AKJV) 0.459
Job (AKJV) 0.401
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.397
Romans (Tyndale) 0.396
John (ODRV) 0.315
Matthew (Geneva) 0.275
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.258
Luke (AKJV) 0.235
Psalms (ODRV) 0.216
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.154
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.069
Matthew (ODRV) 0.033
Romans (Geneva) -0.074
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.129
Psalms (Geneva) -0.195
Romans (AKJV) -0.302
Psalms (AKJV) -0.847
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.985
Chapter Prominence
2 Samuel 12 (Geneva) 4.332
Galatians 6 (AKJV) 3.342
Psalms 6 (ODRV) 1.731
Tobit 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.726
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 1.667
1 Corinthians 13 (AKJV) 1.645
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 1.643
Hebrews 13 (Geneva) 1.636
Psalms 118 (Vulgate) 0.867
Deuteronomy 14 (Douay-Rheims) 0.867
Ecclesiasticus 9 (AKJV) 0.865
2 Corinthians 9 (Tyndale) 0.864
Hebrews 9 (Vulgate) 0.862
Ecclesiasticus 16 (AKJV) 0.86
Ecclesiasticus 30 (AKJV) 0.859
Genesis 8 (Geneva) 0.858
Job 6 (Douay-Rheims) 0.858
2 Kings 22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.857
Daniel 4 (AKJV) 0.856
Psalms 32 (Geneva) 0.855
Psalms 79 (Geneva) 0.855
2 Kings 12 (Douay-Rheims) 0.854
Psalms 120 (ODRV) 0.853
2 Samuel 12 (AKJV) 0.853
Proverbs 2 (Geneva) 0.852
Job 6 (Geneva) 0.852
Joel 1 (AKJV) 0.849
Acts 8 (Geneva) 0.844
2 Corinthians 9 (Geneva) 0.844
Joel 2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.843
Acts 4 (Tyndale) 0.843
2 Corinthians 9 (ODRV) 0.843
Hosea 13 (AKJV) 0.842
Psalms 79 (AKJV) 0.842
Genesis 25 (AKJV) 0.84
Psalms 41 (AKJV) 0.84
Luke 19 (Geneva) 0.837
Daniel 6 (Geneva) 0.835
Psalms 40 (ODRV) 0.835
Psalms 94 (ODRV) 0.833
Ecclesiasticus 40 (AKJV) 0.831
Proverbs 11 (Geneva) 0.831
Philippians 4 (Geneva) 0.828
Job 7 (AKJV) 0.826
1 Corinthians 9 (Tyndale) 0.826
Luke 18 (Tyndale) 0.824
Jeremiah 9 (AKJV) 0.823
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 0.822
Proverbs 19 (AKJV) 0.822
1 Peter 4 (Tyndale) 0.82
Matthew 18 (Geneva) 0.818
Hebrews 3 (AKJV) 0.817
Acts 4 (AKJV) 0.814
Psalms 126 (Geneva) 0.813
James 2 (Tyndale) 0.811
Malachi 3 (AKJV) 0.81
Psalms 115 (AKJV) 0.81
Revelation 22 (Geneva) 0.809
Romans 7 (Tyndale) 0.808
Galatians 1 (ODRV) 0.808
Genesis 3 (Geneva) 0.807
1 Corinthians 9 (Geneva) 0.806
Luke 21 (Geneva) 0.806
Job 14 (Geneva) 0.804
Genesis 2 (ODRV) 0.799
Revelation 22 (AKJV) 0.799
1 John 2 (ODRV) 0.794
Romans 4 (AKJV) 0.793
Proverbs 23 (AKJV) 0.793
Isaiah 1 (Geneva) 0.791
James 4 (AKJV) 0.79
Matthew 24 (Geneva) 0.787
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 0.786
2 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 0.781
1 Corinthians 10 (Tyndale) 0.78
Luke 6 (AKJV) 0.779
Matthew 13 (AKJV) 0.779
Galatians 6 (ODRV) 0.777
Matthew 5 (Tyndale) 0.775
1 Peter 1 (ODRV) 0.773
Matthew 11 (Tyndale) 0.772
Ecclesiastes 12 (AKJV) 0.771
James 3 (AKJV) 0.771
Matthew 6 (ODRV) 0.771
Job 14 (AKJV) 0.768
Matthew 25 (Geneva) 0.764
Matthew 25 (ODRV) 0.763
1 Thessalonians 4 (Geneva) 0.76
Galatians 5 (ODRV) 0.76
1 Thessalonians 4 (AKJV) 0.758
1 Peter 4 (AKJV) 0.758
James 2 (AKJV) 0.751
Matthew 26 (Tyndale) 0.744
Matthew 5 (Geneva) 0.727
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.723
John 6 (ODRV) 0.721
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.664
Romans 6 (Geneva) 0.663
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.663
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 0.658
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 0.646
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 0.599
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.976
Verse Prominence
Galatians 6.10 (AKJV) 5.279
2 Samuel 12.22 (Geneva) 3.331
Galatians 6.9 (AKJV) 2.648
Tobit 4.7 (Douay-Rheims) 1.33
2 Samuel 12.23 (Geneva) 1.329
Psalms 6.7 (ODRV) 1.329
Matthew 25.35 (AKJV) 1.328
Malachi 3.8 (AKJV) 1.321
1 Corinthians 13.2 (AKJV) 1.32
Galatians 6.9 (Geneva) 1.319
Hebrews 13.16 (Geneva) 1.313
Genesis 8.10 (Geneva) 0.666
Genesis 3.17 (Geneva) 0.666
Ecclesiasticus 40.1 (AKJV) 0.666
Job 6.3 (Douay-Rheims) 0.666
Ecclesiasticus 40.6 (AKJV) 0.666
Joel 1.14 (AKJV) 0.666
2 Kings 12.19 (Douay-Rheims) 0.666
Ecclesiasticus 30.23 (AKJV) 0.666
2 Corinthians 9.6 (Tyndale) 0.666
Matthew 5.38 (Tyndale) 0.666
Psalms 118.134 (Vulgate) 0.666
Deuteronomy 14.14 (Douay-Rheims) 0.666
Proverbs 11.17 (Geneva) 0.666
Philippians 4.21 (Geneva) 0.666
Ecclesiasticus 16.9 (AKJV) 0.665
Proverbs 2.18 (Geneva) 0.665
James 3.12 (AKJV) 0.665
Hosea 13.9 (AKJV) 0.665
Job 14.22 (Geneva) 0.665
Job 6.3 (Geneva) 0.665
Job 7.13 (AKJV) 0.665
Ecclesiasticus 9.6 (AKJV) 0.665
2 Kings 22.42 (Douay-Rheims) 0.665
Genesis 25.28 (AKJV) 0.665
Acts 8.32 (Geneva) 0.665
Daniel 6.12 (Geneva) 0.665
Matthew 5.38 (ODRV) 0.665
Daniel 4.27 (AKJV) 0.665
Acts 4.34 (AKJV) 0.665
Psalms 79.3 (AKJV) 0.665
Psalms 40.2 (ODRV) 0.665
2 Samuel 12.22 (AKJV) 0.664
Luke 6.21 (AKJV) 0.664
Matthew 18.22 (Geneva) 0.664
Job 7.6 (AKJV) 0.664
Romans 4.23 (AKJV) 0.664
1 John 2.4 (ODRV) 0.664
Acts 4.35 (AKJV) 0.664
Psalms 79.2 (Geneva) 0.664
1 Corinthians 9.23 (Tyndale) 0.664
2 Kings 12.23 (Douay-Rheims) 0.663
Genesis 3.16 (Geneva) 0.663
Isaiah 1.11 (Geneva) 0.663
Psalms 16.1 (AKJV) 0.663
Hebrews 9.27 (Vulgate) 0.663
Psalms 32.1 (Geneva) 0.663
1 Corinthians 13.1 (AKJV) 0.663
Luke 18.27 (Tyndale) 0.663
Acts 4.35 (Tyndale) 0.663
Psalms 79.1 (AKJV) 0.663
Romans 7.18 (Tyndale) 0.662
Joel 2.12 (Douay-Rheims) 0.662
Psalms 119.71 (AKJV) 0.662
1 Corinthians 9.13 (Geneva) 0.662
Malachi 3.9 (AKJV) 0.662
Matthew 25.36 (Geneva) 0.662
James 2.18 (AKJV) 0.662
Proverbs 19.17 (AKJV) 0.662
Genesis 3.19 (Geneva) 0.661
James 4.9 (AKJV) 0.661
Job 14.2 (Geneva) 0.661
Psalms 115.1 (AKJV) 0.661
Psalms 79.2 (AKJV) 0.661
2 Corinthians 9.7 (Geneva) 0.661
1 Corinthians 15.52 (Geneva) 0.66
Galatians 5.14 (ODRV) 0.66
Matthew 13.30 (AKJV) 0.66
Luke 19.9 (Geneva) 0.66
Psalms 120.6 (ODRV) 0.659
Hebrews 3.13 (AKJV) 0.659
Galatians 6.9 (ODRV) 0.658
2 Corinthians 9.8 (ODRV) 0.657
Matthew 26.42 (Tyndale) 0.656
1 Corinthians 9.4 (Geneva) 0.656
1 Peter 4.8 (Tyndale) 0.656
Matthew 5.44 (Geneva) 0.656
James 2.18 (Tyndale) 0.656
Matthew 6.19 (ODRV) 0.656
Psalms 41.1 (AKJV) 0.656
1 Corinthians 9.13 (AKJV) 0.655
Matthew 5.7 (Tyndale) 0.655
James 2.14 (AKJV) 0.655
Matthew 24.35 (Geneva) 0.654
Luke 21.19 (Geneva) 0.653
1 Thessalonians 4.13 (AKJV) 0.653
1 Corinthians 9.14 (AKJV) 0.653
1 Corinthians 15.26 (AKJV) 0.651
Genesis 2.17 (ODRV) 0.65
Psalms 126.5 (Geneva) 0.65
Galatians 5.6 (ODRV) 0.649
2 Timothy 4.8 (Geneva) 0.648
1 Peter 4.8 (AKJV) 0.647
Psalms 94.8 (ODRV) 0.647
1 Corinthians 13.13 (AKJV) 0.646
Job 14.1 (AKJV) 0.645
Revelation 22.20 (AKJV) 0.645
Matthew 6.20 (ODRV) 0.645
James 2.13 (AKJV) 0.645
Proverbs 23.5 (AKJV) 0.645
Jeremiah 9.1 (AKJV) 0.644
Matthew 5.44 (Tyndale) 0.644
1 Corinthians 10.24 (Tyndale) 0.643
Matthew 25.34 (ODRV) 0.642
Matthew 11.30 (Tyndale) 0.641
Revelation 22.20 (Geneva) 0.64
1 Thessalonians 4.14 (AKJV) 0.639
Matthew 22.39 (ODRV) 0.639
Galatians 1.5 (ODRV) 0.639
1 Peter 1.24 (ODRV) 0.636
Romans 6.7 (AKJV) 0.632
Romans 6.7 (Geneva) 0.632
1 Thessalonians 4.13 (Geneva) 0.628
John 6.55 (ODRV) 0.615
Ecclesiastes 12.7 (AKJV) 0.611
Romans 6.23 (Geneva) 0.611
Romans 6.23 (AKJV) 0.61
Matthew 5.17 (ODRV) 0.607
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.667
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha 25.909
Old Testament -12.776
New Testament -13.133
Diversity: 0.96
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Ecclesiasticus 3.74
Joel 3.483
Esther 3.449
Malachi 3.05
Daniel 2.562
Colossians 2.491
2 Timothy 2.488
James 2.421
2 Samuel 2.297
1 Samuel 2.214
Galatians 2.205
1 Peter 1.933
Jeremiah 1.893
2 Corinthians 1.788
Job 1.754
Genesis 1.426
Hebrews 1.364
Proverbs 1.309
Luke 1.127
Acts 1.097
1 Corinthians 0.831
Isaiah 0.819
Romans 0.33
Matthew 0.271
Psalms -0.205
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Ecclesiasticus 40 1.751
Ecclesiasticus 2 1.751
Ecclesiasticus 41 1.748
Esther 1 1.734
Psalms 79 1.727
Job 17 1.705
Psalms 92 1.704
Genesis 47 1.702
Joel 1 1.698
Job 6 1.697
Psalms 41 1.696
Job 13 1.684
1 Samuel 17 1.679
Job 7 1.678
Psalms 6 1.671
Job 10 1.67
Daniel 5 1.663
Psalms 32 1.658
Jeremiah 9 1.655
Proverbs 19 1.654
Psalms 90 1.65
Joel 2 1.646
2 Samuel 12 1.632
Isaiah 40 1.63
Proverbs 11 1.618
Luke 21 1.605
Daniel 4 1.603
2 Corinthians 12 1.595
1 Corinthians 9 1.594
Matthew 9 1.59
Romans 4 1.582
Job 1 1.574
James 2 1.573
Proverbs 10 1.569
Job 14 1.56
1 Peter 4 1.559
Luke 19 1.555
Acts 10 1.555
Malachi 3 1.545
Matthew 19 1.544
Acts 4 1.541
2 Timothy 4 1.536
Matthew 24 1.535
2 Corinthians 6 1.516
1 Corinthians 13 1.51
Luke 10 1.505
Galatians 6 1.493
Galatians 5 1.492
Genesis 3 1.484
Isaiah 1 1.467
Romans 6 1.462
Colossians 3 1.426
Matthew 26 1.419
Hebrews 13 1.418
Matthew 11 1.411
Matthew 25 1.36
Matthew 5 1.267
Diversity: 0.985
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Ecclesiasticus 40.1 1.492
Ecclesiasticus 40.6 1.492
Ecclesiasticus 41.4 1.492
Ecclesiasticus 2.15 1.492
Job 17.1 1.491
Job 14.22 1.491
Jeremiah 9.8 1.491
Psalms 32.12 1.491
Acts 10.30 1.491
Esther 1.3 1.491
2 Samuel 12.22 1.49
Job 10.17 1.49
Job 6.2 1.49
Job 6.3 1.49
Job 7.13 1.49
Psalms 79.3 1.49
1 Samuel 17.35 1.49
Job 10.1 1.489
Job 7.14 1.489
Matthew 9.24 1.489
Matthew 24.35 1.489
Joel 1.14 1.488
Romans 4.23 1.488
Luke 10.28 1.488
Proverbs 10.12 1.488
Daniel 4.17 1.488
Psalms 79.1 1.488
Psalms 79.2 1.487
Matthew 5.38 1.487
Proverbs 11.17 1.487
Psalms 41.2 1.487
2 Corinthians 6.7 1.487
2 Samuel 12.16 1.486
Acts 4.35 1.486
2 Corinthians 12.14 1.486
Acts 4.34 1.485
1 Corinthians 9.13 1.485
Daniel 5.5 1.483
1 Peter 4.8 1.483
1 Corinthians 9.14 1.481
Matthew 19.20 1.481
2 Samuel 12.23 1.48
Matthew 5.7 1.48
Job 7.6 1.478
Job 13.15 1.476
Luke 21.19 1.476
Genesis 3.16 1.475
Job 14.2 1.473
Colossians 3.14 1.473
Isaiah 1.6 1.471
James 2.13 1.471
Malachi 3.8 1.471
Matthew 25.35 1.468
Matthew 26.39 1.466
Proverbs 19.17 1.466
Isaiah 40.6 1.465
Genesis 47.9 1.463
Hebrews 13.16 1.462
Galatians 5.6 1.46
Joel 2.12 1.458
Luke 19.8 1.458
Job 1.21 1.455
Malachi 3.9 1.447
Galatians 6.10 1.442
Romans 6.23 1.44
Matthew 5.44 1.434
2 Timothy 4.8 1.43
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase