L. D., fl. 1610

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 4.0% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 2.4% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 91.7% 99.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.1% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 6.3% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% 0.6%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% 0.5%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 2.3% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.1% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 6.014
Old Testament (ODRV) 4.604
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.967
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.908
New Testament (Tyndale) 1.581
New Testament (ODRV) 0.638
New Testament (Geneva) 0.578
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.269
New Testament (AKJV) -0.473
Diversity: 0.977
Evenness: 0.987
Book Prominence
Luke (Geneva) 6.423
1 Peter (ODRV) 3.177
Nehemiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.758
Nehemiah (Geneva) 1.748
Nehemiah (AKJV) 1.697
1 Paralipomenon (Douay-Rheims) 1.692
1 Chronicles (AKJV) 1.678
Numbers (Douay-Rheims) 1.6
Numbers (Geneva) 1.598
2 Esdras (AKJV) 1.574
1 Samuel (Geneva) 1.567
Numbers (AKJV) 1.529
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 1.483
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 1.44
2 Samuel (AKJV) 1.413
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 1.401
Jeremiah (Geneva) 1.359
1 John (Tyndale) 1.335
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.328
1 John (ODRV) 1.327
Acts (Geneva) 1.309
Revelation (Geneva) 1.277
Genesis (Geneva) 1.23
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.196
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 1.093
Job (Geneva) 1.091
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.075
Hebrews (Geneva) 1.061
Luke (Tyndale) 1.051
Acts (AKJV) 1.044
Philippians (ODRV) 1.037
John (Tyndale) 0.982
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.978
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.963
Luke (ODRV) 0.924
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.899
John (ODRV) 0.818
John (AKJV) 0.781
Matthew (Geneva) 0.777
Luke (AKJV) 0.737
Psalms (ODRV) 0.719
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.709
Romans (ODRV) 0.655
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.571
Matthew (ODRV) 0.535
Romans (Geneva) 0.428
Matthew (AKJV) 0.41
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.373
Psalms (Geneva) 0.308
Romans (AKJV) 0.2
Psalms (AKJV) -0.345
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.991
Chapter Prominence
Luke 22 (Geneva) 4.58
Luke 12 (AKJV) 2.233
Psalms 118 (AKJV) 2.208
1 Peter 2 (ODRV) 2.203
Genesis 46 (Geneva) 1.162
Psalms 116 (ODRV) 1.161
1 Paralipomenon 12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.161
Numbers 13 (Douay-Rheims) 1.161
1 Samuel 22 (Geneva) 1.16
Deuteronomy 20 (Geneva) 1.16
Revelation 10 (Geneva) 1.16
Nehemiah 4 (Geneva) 1.159
1 Chronicles 12 (AKJV) 1.159
Nehemiah 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.158
2 Esdras 10 (AKJV) 1.158
Psalms 67 (Geneva) 1.156
Genesis 12 (Geneva) 1.155
Nehemiah 4 (AKJV) 1.154
Job 8 (Geneva) 1.153
Matthew 14 (AKJV) 1.149
2 Samuel 2 (AKJV) 1.149
2 Esdras 9 (AKJV) 1.149
Numbers 14 (Geneva) 1.148
Psalms 71 (Geneva) 1.148
Psalms 7 (Geneva) 1.146
Numbers 14 (AKJV) 1.145
Jeremiah 32 (Geneva) 1.142
Acts 19 (Geneva) 1.142
Deuteronomy 1 (Geneva) 1.142
Luke 20 (Tyndale) 1.142
John 21 (AKJV) 1.14
Numbers 14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.14
Psalms 106 (ODRV) 1.138
Proverbs 6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.136
Psalms 66 (Geneva) 1.135
Acts 5 (Geneva) 1.135
Luke 21 (Tyndale) 1.133
Acts 26 (AKJV) 1.129
Psalms 31 (AKJV) 1.128
2 Corinthians 2 (AKJV) 1.122
Luke 22 (Tyndale) 1.121
Psalms 51 (Geneva) 1.12
Luke 15 (Geneva) 1.12
John 17 (Tyndale) 1.119
Psalms 2 (Geneva) 1.114
John 17 (AKJV) 1.11
Hebrews 9 (Geneva) 1.109
Psalms 115 (AKJV) 1.103
John 12 (ODRV) 1.103
1 Corinthians 9 (Geneva) 1.1
Romans 15 (AKJV) 1.094
Luke 20 (ODRV) 1.094
Romans 5 (ODRV) 1.09
1 John 4 (ODRV) 1.09
Romans 4 (Geneva) 1.088
Luke 22 (AKJV) 1.087
Hebrews 6 (AKJV) 1.087
Matthew 26 (ODRV) 1.085
Luke 6 (Geneva) 1.081
2 Corinthians 6 (Geneva) 1.08
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 1.08
John 8 (ODRV) 1.075
1 John 5 (ODRV) 1.075
Matthew 16 (Geneva) 1.074
1 Corinthians 10 (Tyndale) 1.073
Psalms 34 (AKJV) 1.071
1 John 3 (Tyndale) 1.068
1 Thessalonians 5 (Geneva) 1.066
1 Corinthians 2 (ODRV) 1.063
Matthew 16 (ODRV) 1.06
Romans 11 (AKJV) 1.06
1 Thessalonians 5 (ODRV) 1.06
1 Corinthians 12 (ODRV) 1.052
1 John 4 (Tyndale) 1.032
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 1.014
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 1.008
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 0.997
Romans 8 (ODRV) 0.979
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.972
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 0.972
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.992
Verse Prominence
Luke 22.32 (Geneva) 4.295
Luke 12.31 (AKJV) 2.143
1 Peter 2.24 (ODRV) 2.132
Psalms 118.23 (AKJV) 2.098
Genesis 46.27 (Geneva) 1.075
Matthew 14.21 (AKJV) 1.075
Nehemiah 4.2 (Geneva) 1.075
Nehemiah 4.4 (AKJV) 1.075
Nehemiah 4.5 (Geneva) 1.075
1 Samuel 22.2 (Geneva) 1.075
Acts 19.7 (Geneva) 1.075
2 Samuel 2.3 (AKJV) 1.075
1 Paralipomenon 12.22 (Douay-Rheims) 1.075
1 Chronicles 12.22 (AKJV) 1.075
Numbers 13.32 (Douay-Rheims) 1.075
Numbers 14.37 (Geneva) 1.075
Numbers 14.31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.075
Numbers 14.24 (Geneva) 1.075
Deuteronomy 20.8 (Geneva) 1.075
Psalms 71.16 (Geneva) 1.075
2 Esdras 10.9 (AKJV) 1.075
Psalms 51.13 (Geneva) 1.074
Psalms 116.2 (ODRV) 1.074
Psalms 106.20 (ODRV) 1.074
Psalms 51.12 (Geneva) 1.074
Nehemiah 4.3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.074
Job 8.7 (Geneva) 1.074
Deuteronomy 1.25 (Geneva) 1.074
Numbers 14.9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.074
Revelation 10.3 (Geneva) 1.074
1 Corinthians 9.23 (Geneva) 1.074
1 Corinthians 9.23 (AKJV) 1.074
Romans 15.16 (AKJV) 1.074
Luke 22.31 (AKJV) 1.073
Psalms 31.15 (AKJV) 1.073
Numbers 14.32 (AKJV) 1.073
1 John 5.15 (ODRV) 1.073
Luke 20.7 (ODRV) 1.073
Luke 20.7 (Tyndale) 1.073
Luke 21.28 (Tyndale) 1.073
Psalms 107.20 (AKJV) 1.072
Acts 26.29 (AKJV) 1.072
Psalms 66.16 (Geneva) 1.072
Psalms 67.6 (Geneva) 1.072
Genesis 12.1 (Geneva) 1.072
Ephesians 4.20 (ODRV) 1.072
John 21.17 (AKJV) 1.071
John 17.20 (AKJV) 1.071
Psalms 34.11 (AKJV) 1.071
Proverbs 6.9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.071
Acts 5.39 (Geneva) 1.071
Psalms 115.1 (AKJV) 1.07
Jeremiah 32.40 (Geneva) 1.07
2 Corinthians 2.11 (AKJV) 1.07
2 Esdras 9.16 (AKJV) 1.07
Romans 11.29 (AKJV) 1.069
Psalms 7.16 (Geneva) 1.069
Hebrews 6.11 (AKJV) 1.069
Hebrews 9.24 (Geneva) 1.068
Luke 22.32 (Tyndale) 1.068
Romans 5.20 (ODRV) 1.068
Romans 8.32 (ODRV) 1.068
1 Thessalonians 5.25 (Geneva) 1.068
1 Thessalonians 5.25 (AKJV) 1.068
1 John 4.20 (ODRV) 1.068
1 Thessalonians 5.25 (ODRV) 1.067
Romans 8.31 (Geneva) 1.066
1 Corinthians 9.11 (AKJV) 1.066
Psalms 2.4 (Geneva) 1.065
1 John 3.3 (Tyndale) 1.064
1 Corinthians 2.14 (ODRV) 1.064
John 8.39 (ODRV) 1.064
Psalms 107.25 (AKJV) 1.062
Romans 4.25 (Geneva) 1.061
Romans 15.2 (AKJV) 1.061
Philippians 2.21 (ODRV) 1.061
Matthew 16.18 (ODRV) 1.06
1 John 4.19 (Tyndale) 1.06
John 17.3 (Tyndale) 1.056
John 12.43 (ODRV) 1.055
Matthew 16.18 (Geneva) 1.053
Matthew 26.26 (ODRV) 1.053
2 Corinthians 6.2 (Geneva) 1.053
Luke 15.10 (Geneva) 1.052
1 Corinthians 10.24 (Tyndale) 1.051
1 Corinthians 12.27 (ODRV) 1.046
Luke 6.31 (Geneva) 1.041
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.958
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Apocalypse 3.623
Nehemiah 3.539
1 Chronicles 3.499
2 Kings 2.79
Colossians 2.657
Numbers 2.648
2 Samuel 2.463
1 Samuel 2.381
Deuteronomy 2.13
Jeremiah 2.06
Exodus 2.055
Ephesians 2.018
2 Corinthians 1.955
Genesis 1.592
Hebrews 1.53
Proverbs 1.475
Luke 1.293
Acts 1.264
John 1.204
1 Corinthians 0.998
Isaiah 0.986
Romans 0.497
Matthew 0.437
Psalms -0.039
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
1 Chronicles 11 1.777
Apocalypse 17 1.77
1 Chronicles 12 1.768
Deuteronomy 20 1.76
Numbers 13 1.757
Nehemiah 1 1.755
Psalms 149 1.755
Genesis 23 1.747
1 Samuel 22 1.743
Jeremiah 14 1.742
Deuteronomy 10 1.736
Isaiah 52 1.736
Jeremiah 32 1.725
Genesis 12 1.724
Psalms 66 1.718
Exodus 34 1.712
2 Samuel 2 1.711
2 Kings 6 1.711
Psalms 31 1.707
Numbers 11 1.701
1 Samuel 25 1.698
Psalms 91 1.692
Genesis 9 1.69
Psalms 115 1.682
Acts 26 1.668
Psalms 118 1.666
Exodus 12 1.665
John 21 1.657
2 Corinthians 2 1.657
Psalms 34 1.655
Psalms 107 1.651
Luke 15 1.65
Isaiah 49 1.646
Romans 15 1.638
1 Corinthians 9 1.625
Matthew 4 1.622
Genesis 1 1.621
Hebrews 4 1.617
Matthew 8 1.601
Matthew 12 1.6
John 13 1.581
Romans 11 1.578
Psalms 51 1.575
Proverbs 8 1.574
Colossians 2 1.564
2 Corinthians 6 1.547
Ephesians 6 1.546
Luke 22 1.541
Genesis 3 1.515
Matthew 16 1.51
Romans 5 1.507
Matthew 10 1.491
John 3 1.485
Matthew 6 1.467
Matthew 26 1.45
Romans 8 1.208
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Deuteronomy 10.22 1.723
Nehemiah 1.8 1.723
1 Chronicles 11.11 1.723
Numbers 13.3 1.723
Apocalypse 17.16 1.723
Psalms 107.20 1.722
Exodus 12.37 1.722
Nehemiah 1.7 1.722
1 Chronicles 12.1 1.722
2 Samuel 2.3 1.722
Matthew 8.31 1.722
Psalms 107.25 1.721
Isaiah 49.13 1.721
Deuteronomy 20.8 1.721
Matthew 8.32 1.721
Luke 22.62 1.719
Acts 26.29 1.719
Numbers 13.32 1.719
Psalms 149.9 1.719
1 Samuel 25.10 1.718
Jeremiah 14.22 1.718
Matthew 12.24 1.718
Luke 22.61 1.717
2 Corinthians 2.11 1.717
2 Kings 6.16 1.717
Psalms 149.8 1.717
1 Samuel 25.11 1.716
Psalms 31.15 1.716
Psalms 34.11 1.716
1 Corinthians 9.11 1.716
Numbers 11.29 1.715
Romans 15.16 1.715
Psalms 115.1 1.714
Psalms 66.16 1.714
Romans 5.20 1.713
Genesis 9.27 1.713
Isaiah 52.7 1.713
Genesis 12.1 1.713
1 Samuel 22.2 1.712
Romans 8.31 1.712
Psalms 34.7 1.712
Psalms 51.12 1.711
Matthew 12.34 1.711
Romans 11.29 1.708
Ephesians 6.17 1.708
Matthew 10.42 1.708
Exodus 34.7 1.708
Luke 22.32 1.707
Jeremiah 32.40 1.704
John 13.1 1.703
Psalms 91.11 1.702
Colossians 2.15 1.7
John 3.3 1.696
2 Corinthians 6.2 1.694
Matthew 16.18 1.682
Matthew 6.33 1.679
Hebrews 4.12 1.679
Luke 15.10 1.659
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase