L. S., fl. 1593

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 5.6% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 2.8% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 75.6% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.4% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 5.6% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 3.8% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.917
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Vulgate) 5.981
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 4.18
Apocrypha (AKJV) 3.236
New Testament (Vulgate) 2.906
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.826
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.189
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.87
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.197
New Testament (ODRV) -2.14
New Testament (Geneva) -2.2
Old Testament (AKJV) -2.508
New Testament (AKJV) -3.251
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.973
Book Prominence
Philippians (AKJV) 6.769
Philippians (Tyndale) 3.303
Philippians (ODRV) 2.969
Daniel (Geneva) 2.188
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 2.035
John (Geneva) 1.677
Job (AKJV) 1.586
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.253
Joshua (Vulgate) 1.246
1 Thessalonians (Vulgate) 1.206
Judith (Douay-Rheims) 1.175
Joshua (Douay-Rheims) 1.14
Mark (ODRV) 1.024
Titus (ODRV) 1.006
Lamentations (Geneva) 0.989
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 0.974
1 Corinthians (Vulgate) 0.973
Leviticus (AKJV) 0.958
1 Timothy (Tyndale) 0.916
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 0.915
Exodus (ODRV) 0.901
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 0.872
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 0.833
Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) 0.828
Galatians (Tyndale) 0.826
Revelation (Tyndale) 0.824
Colossians (ODRV) 0.815
Philippians (Geneva) 0.813
2 Peter (AKJV) 0.801
Exodus (Geneva) 0.784
Titus (AKJV) 0.784
Colossians (AKJV) 0.741
Acts (Tyndale) 0.718
1 Timothy (ODRV) 0.711
Revelation (Geneva) 0.709
Revelation (AKJV) 0.7
Exodus (AKJV) 0.687
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.65
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.632
Acts (ODRV) 0.597
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.561
Job (Geneva) 0.522
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.507
Luke (Tyndale) 0.483
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.416
John (Tyndale) 0.414
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.412
Luke (Geneva) 0.4
Genesis (AKJV) 0.394
Luke (ODRV) 0.356
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.336
Romans (Tyndale) 0.331
John (ODRV) 0.249
John (AKJV) 0.213
Matthew (Geneva) 0.209
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.192
Luke (AKJV) 0.169
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.148
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.141
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.088
Matthew (ODRV) -0.033
Romans (Geneva) -0.14
Matthew (AKJV) -0.158
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.195
Romans (AKJV) -0.368
Psalms (AKJV) -0.913
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.982
Chapter Prominence
Philippians 3 (AKJV) 5.162
Philippians 3 (Tyndale) 2.527
Philippians 3 (ODRV) 2.495
Job 17 (AKJV) 1.735
Ecclesiastes 3 (Geneva) 1.724
John 11 (Tyndale) 1.712
John 5 (Geneva) 1.703
Daniel 12 (Geneva) 1.702
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 1.499
Joshua 4 (Vulgate) 0.885
Judith 11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.881
Mark 12 (ODRV) 0.88
Isaiah 61 (AKJV) 0.878
Joshua 4 (Douay-Rheims) 0.878
Job 40 (Geneva) 0.878
Mark 5 (ODRV) 0.877
Revelation 11 (AKJV) 0.874
Deuteronomy 8 (Geneva) 0.873
Acts 26 (Tyndale) 0.871
1 Thessalonians 4 (Vulgate) 0.87
Job 41 (AKJV) 0.868
Job 41 (Geneva) 0.868
Luke 14 (ODRV) 0.867
Matthew 17 (Geneva) 0.867
Luke 8 (Geneva) 0.866
Jeremiah 18 (AKJV) 0.865
Leviticus 23 (AKJV) 0.863
Isaiah 14 (Geneva) 0.862
Matthew 20 (Tyndale) 0.861
Job 4 (AKJV) 0.86
Proverbs 7 (Geneva) 0.858
1 Timothy 6 (Tyndale) 0.855
Genesis 27 (AKJV) 0.854
Isaiah 59 (Geneva) 0.849
Isaiah 26 (Geneva) 0.848
Acts 19 (ODRV) 0.847
Ecclesiastes 1 (Douay-Rheims) 0.846
1 Corinthians 15 (Vulgate) 0.844
Proverbs 6 (AKJV) 0.844
John 7 (Tyndale) 0.843
Galatians 4 (Tyndale) 0.843
Matthew 13 (Tyndale) 0.843
Exodus 20 (ODRV) 0.842
Luke 18 (Tyndale) 0.84
Job 22 (AKJV) 0.84
Exodus 20 (AKJV) 0.838
Revelation 21 (AKJV) 0.838
Exodus 20 (Geneva) 0.837
1 Thessalonians 4 (ODRV) 0.837
Proverbs 23 (Geneva) 0.836
Matthew 6 (Tyndale) 0.834
Luke 6 (ODRV) 0.833
Matthew 19 (Tyndale) 0.831
Luke 21 (AKJV) 0.831
1 Thessalonians 5 (Tyndale) 0.828
Ecclesiasticus 33 (AKJV) 0.827
John 12 (ODRV) 0.826
Revelation 22 (Geneva) 0.825
John 14 (Tyndale) 0.824
Isaiah 26 (AKJV) 0.824
John 11 (AKJV) 0.822
1 Corinthians 7 (ODRV) 0.819
Revelation 22 (AKJV) 0.815
1 Timothy 1 (ODRV) 0.815
John 8 (AKJV) 0.813
John 11 (ODRV) 0.813
Matthew 10 (Geneva) 0.811
1 Corinthians 6 (Geneva) 0.811
Titus 2 (ODRV) 0.81
Revelation 14 (Tyndale) 0.801
Hebrews 11 (ODRV) 0.799
John 3 (AKJV) 0.797
Philippians 3 (Geneva) 0.792
Lamentations 3 (Geneva) 0.788
Luke 2 (AKJV) 0.779
Matthew 25 (ODRV) 0.779
John 6 (AKJV) 0.777
1 Thessalonians 4 (Geneva) 0.775
2 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 0.774
Matthew 24 (AKJV) 0.773
Matthew 10 (AKJV) 0.765
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 0.762
2 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.758
Matthew 7 (ODRV) 0.756
Colossians 3 (AKJV) 0.755
Romans 8 (Tyndale) 0.751
Colossians 3 (ODRV) 0.749
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 0.745
Matthew 5 (Geneva) 0.742
Titus 2 (AKJV) 0.741
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.738
John 6 (ODRV) 0.737
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 0.736
Ephesians 5 (AKJV) 0.708
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.694
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.593
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.565
Romans 13 (AKJV) 0.524
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.983
Verse Prominence
Philippians 3.21 (AKJV) 4.814
Philippians 3.21 (Tyndale) 2.393
Philippians 3.20 (ODRV) 2.333
John 11.24 (Tyndale) 1.61
Job 17.13 (AKJV) 1.608
Ecclesiastes 3.20 (Geneva) 1.607
John 5.28 (Geneva) 1.607
Daniel 12.3 (Geneva) 1.561
1 Corinthians 15.42 (Geneva) 1.547
Isaiah 61.7 (AKJV) 0.806
Joshua 4.12 (Douay-Rheims) 0.806
Joshua 4.12 (Vulgate) 0.806
Proverbs 23.22 (Geneva) 0.806
Romans 8.19 (Geneva) 0.806
Revelation 14.2 (Tyndale) 0.806
Matthew 25.2 (ODRV) 0.806
Proverbs 6.18 (AKJV) 0.806
Job 4.11 (AKJV) 0.806
Job 40.13 (Geneva) 0.806
Luke 8.49 (Geneva) 0.806
Deuteronomy 8.4 (Geneva) 0.806
Mark 12.24 (ODRV) 0.806
Mark 5.17 (ODRV) 0.805
Luke 14.13 (ODRV) 0.805
Matthew 19.26 (Tyndale) 0.805
John 7.50 (Tyndale) 0.805
Luke 18.21 (Tyndale) 0.805
Matthew 13.30 (Tyndale) 0.805
Leviticus 23.39 (AKJV) 0.805
1 Corinthians 15.40 (Geneva) 0.805
1 Corinthians 15.20 (Vulgate) 0.805
Ecclesiastes 1.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.805
Jeremiah 18.4 (AKJV) 0.805
Acts 19.12 (ODRV) 0.805
Job 41.19 (AKJV) 0.805
Judith 11.16 (Douay-Rheims) 0.805
Acts 26.24 (Tyndale) 0.805
Revelation 11.12 (AKJV) 0.804
Isaiah 59.5 (Geneva) 0.804
1 Timothy 6.7 (Tyndale) 0.804
Luke 14.14 (ODRV) 0.804
Job 41.15 (Geneva) 0.804
John 11.24 (AKJV) 0.803
Matthew 6.24 (AKJV) 0.803
Matthew 20.33 (Tyndale) 0.803
Ephesians 5.2 (AKJV) 0.803
Matthew 17.2 (Geneva) 0.803
John 11.17 (AKJV) 0.803
1 Thessalonians 4.4 (ODRV) 0.803
Exodus 20.15 (ODRV) 0.802
Exodus 20.15 (AKJV) 0.802
Exodus 20.15 (Geneva) 0.802
1 Thessalonians 4.14 (Vulgate) 0.802
Philippians 3.20 (Geneva) 0.802
Hebrews 11.10 (ODRV) 0.802
Luke 6.10 (ODRV) 0.802
Matthew 13.46 (Tyndale) 0.802
Revelation 21.19 (AKJV) 0.802
2 Corinthians 5.10 (Geneva) 0.802
Genesis 27.22 (AKJV) 0.801
Titus 2.13 (ODRV) 0.801
John 6.58 (AKJV) 0.801
Matthew 24.48 (AKJV) 0.801
Romans 8.21 (Geneva) 0.8
John 3.14 (AKJV) 0.8
John 6.49 (ODRV) 0.8
Matthew 10.30 (AKJV) 0.8
Isaiah 26.19 (AKJV) 0.8
John 11.24 (ODRV) 0.8
Luke 21.18 (AKJV) 0.799
Matthew 5.6 (Geneva) 0.798
Psalms 107.30 (AKJV) 0.798
Job 22.12 (AKJV) 0.798
Matthew 10.37 (Geneva) 0.797
Isaiah 14.15 (Geneva) 0.797
Isaiah 26.19 (Geneva) 0.797
Galatians 4.26 (Tyndale) 0.796
Ephesians 4.22 (AKJV) 0.796
Proverbs 7.27 (Geneva) 0.795
1 Corinthians 6.19 (Geneva) 0.795
Philippians 3.20 (AKJV) 0.794
John 8.56 (AKJV) 0.794
1 Thessalonians 5.5 (Tyndale) 0.793
Matthew 6.24 (Tyndale) 0.791
Lamentations 3.41 (Geneva) 0.791
Job 17.14 (AKJV) 0.791
1 Corinthians 7.31 (ODRV) 0.79
Colossians 3.4 (ODRV) 0.79
1 Timothy 1.17 (ODRV) 0.79
Romans 8.5 (Tyndale) 0.789
Luke 2.10 (AKJV) 0.789
Titus 2.7 (AKJV) 0.788
John 14.6 (Tyndale) 0.788
1 Corinthians 15.26 (ODRV) 0.787
John 12.43 (ODRV) 0.786
Revelation 22.20 (AKJV) 0.785
1 Corinthians 3.17 (AKJV) 0.785
Matthew 22.30 (ODRV) 0.784
Philippians 3.19 (AKJV) 0.783
Colossians 3.3 (ODRV) 0.781
Revelation 22.20 (Geneva) 0.78
2 Corinthians 5.1 (Geneva) 0.78
Matthew 7.14 (ODRV) 0.778
1 Corinthians 15.26 (Geneva) 0.775
Ecclesiasticus 33.10 (AKJV) 0.773
2 Peter 1.5 (AKJV) 0.772
1 Thessalonians 4.13 (Geneva) 0.768
Colossians 3.2 (AKJV) 0.756
Romans 13.1 (AKJV) 0.678
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.933
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
4 Kings 6.594
3 Kings 6.584
Apocalypse 6.123
1 Thessalonians 5.452
Ezekiel 4.999
Philippians 4.842
2 Corinthians 4.455
Job 4.42
Genesis 4.092
Luke 3.793
John 3.704
1 Corinthians 3.498
Isaiah 3.486
Matthew 2.937
Psalms 2.461
Diversity: 0.962
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
4 Kings 17 3.844
3 Kings 18 3.839
4 Kings 5 3.833
Job 40 3.828
Apocalypse 20 3.826
Psalms 64 3.811
Ezekiel 37 3.805
Job 17 3.797
Job 4 3.783
Psalms 147 3.77
Isaiah 61 3.768
Psalms 49 3.739
Isaiah 26 3.731
Isaiah 40 3.722
Matthew 17 3.722
Luke 14 3.711
Genesis 18 3.693
1 Corinthians 12 3.644
Matthew 19 3.636
1 Thessalonians 4 3.621
2 Corinthians 4 3.612
John 5 3.587
John 3 3.545
2 Corinthians 5 3.508
Philippians 3 3.45
1 Corinthians 15 3.44
Diversity: 0.957
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
3 Kings 18.21 4.346
4 Kings 17.33 4.346
4 Kings 5.18 4.346
Ezekiel 37.14 4.346
Matthew 19.10 4.345
Isaiah 61.7 4.345
Apocalypse 20.13 4.345
Job 17.13 4.343
1 Corinthians 12.3 4.338
John 3.2 4.337
Psalms 49.12 4.337
Matthew 17.2 4.337
Isaiah 26.19 4.337
Genesis 18.27 4.336
Job 4.19 4.332
1 Corinthians 15.43 4.332
2 Corinthians 4.18 4.332
1 Thessalonians 4.14 4.327
John 5.28 4.322
1 Thessalonians 4.13 4.311
Philippians 3.20 4.303
Philippians 3.21 4.299
2 Corinthians 5.1 4.292
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase