May, Joseph, b. 1584 or 5

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 19.5% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 11.7% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 72.0% 98.9%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 1.4% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 12.1% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 6.7% 1.1%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.7% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 1.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.7% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.4% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.864
Evenness: 0.983
Part Prominence
New Testament (ODRV) 11.749
New Testament (Vulgate) 5.683
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.967
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.908
New Testament (Tyndale) 1.581
New Testament (Geneva) 0.578
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.269
New Testament (AKJV) -0.473
Diversity: 0.975
Evenness: 0.992
Book Prominence
Colossians (Tyndale) 3.973
2 Timothy (Geneva) 3.902
Colossians (ODRV) 3.821
Colossians (AKJV) 3.746
Galatians (Vulgate) 2.01
1 Chronicles (AKJV) 1.987
Leviticus (Geneva) 1.93
2 Timothy (Tyndale) 1.885
Canticles (AKJV) 1.858
2 Timothy (ODRV) 1.853
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 1.852
Numbers (AKJV) 1.838
Colossians (Geneva) 1.727
Philippians (Geneva) 1.691
Ephesians (Tyndale) 1.591
Galatians (ODRV) 1.58
Exodus (AKJV) 1.564
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.505
James (AKJV) 1.501
Galatians (AKJV) 1.452
Job (Geneva) 1.4
Philippians (AKJV) 1.397
Luke (Tyndale) 1.36
Acts (AKJV) 1.353
Philippians (ODRV) 1.347
Ephesians (Geneva) 1.343
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.321
John (Tyndale) 1.292
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.287
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.272
Ephesians (AKJV) 1.214
Romans (Tyndale) 1.208
John (AKJV) 1.091
Matthew (Tyndale) 1.069
Luke (AKJV) 1.047
Romans (ODRV) 0.964
Matthew (ODRV) 0.845
Romans (Geneva) 0.738
Matthew (AKJV) 0.719
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.683
Psalms (Geneva) 0.617
Romans (AKJV) 0.51
Psalms (AKJV) -0.036
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.988
Chapter Prominence
Colossians 4 (ODRV) 4.192
Colossians 4 (Tyndale) 2.803
Colossians 4 (AKJV) 2.783
1 Thessalonians 5 (Tyndale) 2.76
Colossians 1 (Tyndale) 2.754
2 Timothy 3 (Geneva) 2.751
Colossians 2 (ODRV) 2.743
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 2.693
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 2.678
Numbers 28 (AKJV) 1.407
1 Chronicles 22 (AKJV) 1.404
Matthew 2 (Tyndale) 1.402
Galatians 4 (Vulgate) 1.4
Leviticus 24 (Geneva) 1.4
Exodus 24 (AKJV) 1.398
Psalms 137 (Geneva) 1.392
Isaiah 44 (Douay-Rheims) 1.391
Canticles 6 (AKJV) 1.389
Luke 8 (Tyndale) 1.387
Job 29 (Geneva) 1.385
2 Timothy 1 (ODRV) 1.385
Psalms 40 (AKJV) 1.384
1 Thessalonians 2 (Tyndale) 1.383
Canticles 4 (AKJV) 1.378
Matthew 4 (AKJV) 1.371
2 Timothy 2 (Tyndale) 1.369
Romans 16 (ODRV) 1.369
2 Corinthians 7 (AKJV) 1.365
John 4 (Tyndale) 1.364
2 Timothy 3 (Tyndale) 1.362
Psalms 137 (AKJV) 1.36
Acts 7 (AKJV) 1.357
Colossians 1 (ODRV) 1.356
1 Corinthians 7 (Tyndale) 1.356
Ephesians 3 (Tyndale) 1.356
Ephesians 1 (Geneva) 1.352
Luke 23 (AKJV) 1.35
Luke 6 (Tyndale) 1.349
Galatians 1 (ODRV) 1.347
Romans 6 (Tyndale) 1.343
Matthew 12 (ODRV) 1.343
John 8 (AKJV) 1.336
2 Timothy 3 (ODRV) 1.335
2 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 1.334
Ephesians 6 (AKJV) 1.325
Romans 12 (ODRV) 1.321
Philippians 3 (Geneva) 1.315
1 Corinthians 13 (AKJV) 1.314
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 1.313
James 3 (AKJV) 1.31
Romans 1 (AKJV) 1.306
Galatians 6 (AKJV) 1.273
Colossians 3 (ODRV) 1.272
Philippians 3 (AKJV) 1.261
Romans 5 (AKJV) 1.26
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 1.253
Romans 2 (Geneva) 1.242
Matthew 5 (AKJV) 1.238
Romans 2 (AKJV) 1.238
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 1.217
Romans 6 (AKJV) 1.203
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 0.986
Verse Prominence
Colossians 4.12 (ODRV) 3.487
Colossians 4.13 (AKJV) 3.487
Colossians 4.12 (AKJV) 2.324
Colossians 1.7 (Tyndale) 2.324
Colossians 1.7 (AKJV) 2.324
Colossians 4.12 (Tyndale) 2.324
Colossians 1.7 (Geneva) 2.323
1 Thessalonians 5.17 (Tyndale) 2.32
2 Timothy 3.17 (Geneva) 2.319
Colossians 2.8 (ODRV) 2.317
Colossians 4.2 (AKJV) 2.317
Matthew 7.21 (AKJV) 2.302
Colossians 1.1 (Geneva) 1.162
Colossians 1.2 (ODRV) 1.162
Colossians 4.11 (AKJV) 1.162
Colossians 1.8 (Tyndale) 1.162
Numbers 28.23 (AKJV) 1.162
Colossians 4.13 (ODRV) 1.162
Matthew 2.23 (Tyndale) 1.162
Job 29.10 (Geneva) 1.162
Canticles 4.4 (AKJV) 1.162
Acts 7.23 (AKJV) 1.162
Isaiah 44.21 (Douay-Rheims) 1.162
1 Chronicles 22.17 (AKJV) 1.162
Luke 6.46 (Tyndale) 1.162
Exodus 24.3 (AKJV) 1.162
Exodus 24.7 (AKJV) 1.162
Leviticus 24.21 (Geneva) 1.162
Romans 16.22 (ODRV) 1.162
Ephesians 1.16 (Geneva) 1.162
Galatians 1.24 (ODRV) 1.162
2 Timothy 1.16 (ODRV) 1.162
Ephesians 6.23 (AKJV) 1.162
Matthew 4.13 (AKJV) 1.162
Ephesians 6.24 (AKJV) 1.161
Canticles 6.9 (AKJV) 1.161
Luke 8.21 (Tyndale) 1.161
Luke 23.47 (AKJV) 1.161
1 Thessalonians 2.12 (Tyndale) 1.16
Romans 6.18 (Tyndale) 1.16
Galatians 4.31 (Vulgate) 1.16
2 Timothy 2.26 (Tyndale) 1.16
Psalms 137.1 (Geneva) 1.159
1 Corinthians 7.22 (Tyndale) 1.159
Romans 6.17 (AKJV) 1.159
2 Corinthians 11.5 (AKJV) 1.159
Psalms 40.8 (AKJV) 1.157
John 4.34 (Tyndale) 1.157
John 8.39 (AKJV) 1.157
Matthew 12.50 (ODRV) 1.157
Philippians 3.15 (AKJV) 1.156
1 Corinthians 13.10 (AKJV) 1.155
2 Timothy 3.17 (Tyndale) 1.155
Romans 12.2 (ODRV) 1.155
Colossians 1.10 (ODRV) 1.154
Ephesians 6.13 (AKJV) 1.154
Romans 1.1 (AKJV) 1.153
Psalms 137.5 (AKJV) 1.153
Colossians 3.14 (ODRV) 1.153
Romans 5.19 (AKJV) 1.152
Psalms 137.1 (AKJV) 1.149
Matthew 5.48 (AKJV) 1.149
Philippians 3.14 (Geneva) 1.146
2 Timothy 3.16 (ODRV) 1.144
2 Corinthians 7.1 (AKJV) 1.142
James 3.2 (AKJV) 1.14
Ephesians 3.19 (Tyndale) 1.138
Ephesians 4.23 (ODRV) 1.138
Romans 2.11 (AKJV) 1.116
Romans 2.11 (Geneva) 1.116
Galatians 6.10 (AKJV) 1.109
Philippians 2.8 (ODRV) 1.061
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.966
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Esther 2.897
Canticles 2.662
1 Thessalonians 2.233
Titus 2.173
2 Kings 2.072
Colossians 1.939
2 Timothy 1.936
Numbers 1.93
1 Kings 1.914
James 1.87
1 Samuel 1.662
Galatians 1.653
Philippians 1.624
1 Timothy 1.567
Revelation 1.481
1 Peter 1.381
Exodus 1.337
Ephesians 1.3
2 Corinthians 1.236
Genesis 0.874
Hebrews 0.812
Luke 0.575
Acts 0.546
John 0.485
1 Corinthians 0.279
Isaiah 0.267
Romans -0.222
Matthew -0.281
Psalms -0.757
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
Colossians 1 2.409
2 Timothy 3 2.362
Numbers 28 1.31
Exodus 24 1.281
Esther 4 1.278
2 Kings 20 1.272
Canticles 6 1.263
2 Kings 19 1.257
Psalms 40 1.252
Colossians 4 1.247
Acts 21 1.244
2 Corinthians 8 1.241
Psalms 137 1.237
Isaiah 44 1.236
Revelation 7 1.234
1 Kings 19 1.218
Genesis 32 1.215
1 Samuel 15 1.198
Genesis 17 1.197
Psalms 33 1.196
Luke 6 1.194
Acts 19 1.191
2 Corinthians 7 1.185
Acts 16 1.18
Matthew 20 1.177
James 3 1.172
2 Timothy 1 1.168
Genesis 6 1.165
Luke 18 1.164
2 Corinthians 11 1.158
Revelation 14 1.156
2 Corinthians 12 1.156
Galatians 1 1.156
Galatians 2 1.152
Isaiah 53 1.139
Acts 9 1.133
Matthew 12 1.13
Galatians 4 1.126
1 Corinthians 7 1.117
1 Timothy 1 1.115
Acts 13 1.113
Romans 11 1.108
Ephesians 1 1.104
John 4 1.104
Romans 9 1.104
Romans 10 1.104
Acts 4 1.102
Titus 2 1.099
Hebrews 6 1.098
Colossians 2 1.094
1 Corinthians 14 1.091
1 Thessalonians 4 1.09
Titus 3 1.077
Ephesians 6 1.076
2 Timothy 2 1.072
1 Corinthians 13 1.071
Matthew 28 1.069
1 Timothy 2 1.056
Galatians 6 1.055
Galatians 5 1.053
Acts 17 1.04
Romans 5 1.037
Romans 2 1.032
1 Peter 1 1.025
Romans 6 1.024
1 Corinthians 6 1.023
John 3 1.015
Romans 12 0.997
Colossians 3 0.988
Matthew 26 0.98
Hebrews 12 0.957
Matthew 7 0.928
Philippians 3 0.92
Matthew 5 0.828
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.998
Verse Prominence
Colossians 1.7 2.244
2 Timothy 3.16 2.209
2 Kings 19.30 1.123
2 Kings 19.31 1.123
Colossians 4.8 1.123
Colossians 4.9 1.123
Isaiah 44.21 1.123
Ephesians 6.23 1.123
Colossians 4.13 1.122
Numbers 28.4 1.122
Exodus 24.7 1.122
Colossians 4.7 1.122
Colossians 1.8 1.122
Canticles 6.8 1.122
Acts 17.10 1.122
Acts 21.39 1.122
2 Corinthians 11.1 1.121
Romans 2.18 1.121
1 Corinthians 7.40 1.121
Colossians 4.12 1.12
Galatians 4.7 1.12
Colossians 2.1 1.12
Matthew 20.1 1.12
Ephesians 6.24 1.12
Revelation 14.1 1.119
Acts 4.13 1.119
Acts 19.15 1.119
Luke 6.46 1.119
2 Corinthians 12.11 1.119
1 Timothy 1.12 1.119
Luke 18.5 1.118
Romans 9.19 1.118
2 Timothy 1.16 1.118
Romans 6.18 1.117
Genesis 32.26 1.117
2 Kings 20.3 1.117
Acts 16.17 1.116
1 Kings 19.10 1.116
1 Corinthians 14.3 1.116
Psalms 40.7 1.116
Acts 9.15 1.116
1 Peter 1.13 1.115
Psalms 40.8 1.115
Psalms 33.11 1.115
Ephesians 1.11 1.114
John 4.34 1.113
Colossians 2.5 1.113
Hebrews 6.17 1.113
Colossians 2.8 1.113
1 Corinthians 13.10 1.112
Genesis 6.9 1.111
1 Samuel 15.22 1.111
Romans 10.2 1.111
Galatians 4.15 1.111
Galatians 5.1 1.109
1 Thessalonians 4.3 1.109
2 Timothy 2.26 1.109
Isaiah 53.11 1.108
2 Corinthians 8.3 1.108
2 Timothy 1.6 1.107
Philippians 3.15 1.106
Romans 6.17 1.105
1 Peter 1.16 1.105
1 Timothy 2.4 1.105
Colossians 3.14 1.104
Romans 5.2 1.104
Ephesians 6.13 1.104
1 Peter 1.12 1.103
Acts 21.13 1.103
Romans 12.11 1.101
James 3.2 1.101
2 Timothy 3.17 1.101
2 Corinthians 12.9 1.098
Philippians 3.14 1.098
Matthew 7.21 1.098
Matthew 26.39 1.097
Acts 13.2 1.095
Romans 5.19 1.093
Genesis 17.1 1.092
Romans 12.2 1.089
Romans 11.33 1.086
2 Corinthians 7.1 1.085
Titus 2.12 1.074
Galatians 6.10 1.073
John 3.16 1.063
Matthew 28.19 1.046
Titus 3.1 1.042
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase