N. L

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 30.2% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 22.5% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 61.4% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 1.2% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.3% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 30.2% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 24.7% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.2% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 1.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.6% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.875
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament (ODRV) 5.993
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 4.355
Old Testament (Geneva) 3.297
New Testament (Tyndale) 2.97
New Testament (ODRV) 2.027
New Testament (Geneva) 1.967
Old Testament (AKJV) 1.658
New Testament (AKJV) 0.915
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.993
Book Prominence
Hosea (Geneva) 3.119
Philippians (ODRV) 2.552
Isaiah (AKJV) 2.232
Romans (AKJV) 1.715
Judges (Geneva) 1.495
2 Kings (AKJV) 1.44
2 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.407
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.394
1 Kings (AKJV) 1.374
2 Timothy (Geneva) 1.314
Lamentations (AKJV) 1.306
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.249
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.235
Philippians (Geneva) 1.23
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.218
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 1.201
Titus (AKJV) 1.201
James (ODRV) 1.199
Jeremiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.19
1 John (ODRV) 1.175
Galatians (Geneva) 1.172
Psalms (AKJV) 1.17
1 Peter (Tyndale) 1.144
Genesis (ODRV) 1.134
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.128
1 John (AKJV) 1.09
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.08
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.066
James (AKJV) 1.04
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 0.961
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.941
Philippians (AKJV) 0.936
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.924
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.902
Acts (AKJV) 0.892
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.86
John (Geneva) 0.843
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.833
John (Tyndale) 0.831
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.828
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.826
Luke (Geneva) 0.817
Genesis (AKJV) 0.81
Luke (ODRV) 0.773
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.753
Job (AKJV) 0.752
Matthew (Geneva) 0.626
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.608
Luke (AKJV) 0.586
Psalms (ODRV) 0.567
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.505
Matthew (ODRV) 0.384
Matthew (AKJV) 0.258
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.222
Psalms (Geneva) 0.156
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.994
Chapter Prominence
Hosea 11 (Geneva) 1.911
Isaiah 50 (AKJV) 1.905
Psalms 62 (AKJV) 1.88
Isaiah 40 (AKJV) 1.862
Philippians 4 (ODRV) 1.849
Romans 4 (AKJV) 1.847
Proverbs 16 (AKJV) 1.827
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 1.797
Isaiah 12 (Geneva) 0.957
Isaiah 25 (Douay-Rheims) 0.956
Judges 10 (Geneva) 0.956
1 Kings 15 (AKJV) 0.955
Isaiah 25 (AKJV) 0.952
Genesis 24 (AKJV) 0.95
Genesis 17 (ODRV) 0.95
Psalms 52 (AKJV) 0.949
Psalms 90 (ODRV) 0.948
2 Kings 5 (AKJV) 0.947
1 Kings 2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.946
Proverbs 11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.945
Jeremiah 23 (Douay-Rheims) 0.945
Psalms 144 (ODRV) 0.945
Psalms 11 (Geneva) 0.945
Matthew 17 (Geneva) 0.943
Jeremiah 10 (AKJV) 0.942
Luke 4 (AKJV) 0.94
2 Timothy 1 (Geneva) 0.937
Job 6 (AKJV) 0.936
1 Samuel 2 (AKJV) 0.934
Psalms 35 (AKJV) 0.934
Galatians 1 (Geneva) 0.933
Matthew 4 (ODRV) 0.93
Psalms 112 (Geneva) 0.929
Proverbs 20 (Geneva) 0.929
Matthew 4 (Geneva) 0.928
Psalms 17 (AKJV) 0.928
Psalms 92 (AKJV) 0.927
Psalms 30 (AKJV) 0.926
Job 13 (AKJV) 0.925
Psalms 113 (AKJV) 0.924
Luke 17 (ODRV) 0.923
2 Thessalonians 3 (AKJV) 0.922
2 Corinthians 12 (Geneva) 0.922
Philippians 4 (Geneva) 0.92
Deuteronomy 5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.919
Ecclesiastes 9 (Geneva) 0.919
Psalms 55 (AKJV) 0.917
Psalms 107 (Geneva) 0.915
Psalms 25 (AKJV) 0.915
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 0.914
Psalms 146 (AKJV) 0.914
Proverbs 1 (AKJV) 0.912
Matthew 6 (Tyndale) 0.91
Proverbs 10 (AKJV) 0.91
Acts 7 (AKJV) 0.91
2 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 0.91
Psalms 34 (Geneva) 0.909
Proverbs 1 (Geneva) 0.908
Psalms 94 (AKJV) 0.908
Luke 17 (Geneva) 0.908
2 Corinthians 12 (AKJV) 0.907
1 John 1 (AKJV) 0.906
Luke 23 (AKJV) 0.903
Psalms 46 (AKJV) 0.902
Psalms 49 (AKJV) 0.9
Psalms 115 (Geneva) 0.898
Psalms 68 (AKJV) 0.897
Job 5 (AKJV) 0.895
1 John 4 (ODRV) 0.889
James 1 (ODRV) 0.884
Job 21 (AKJV) 0.881
Matthew 10 (ODRV) 0.88
Psalms 9 (AKJV) 0.876
Proverbs 3 (AKJV) 0.874
Ecclesiastes 8 (AKJV) 0.874
Psalms 34 (AKJV) 0.87
Lamentations 3 (AKJV) 0.865
1 Timothy 6 (ODRV) 0.864
John 6 (Geneva) 0.855
Psalms 78 (AKJV) 0.854
Psalms 73 (AKJV) 0.846
Matthew 10 (AKJV) 0.842
2 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.835
James 1 (AKJV) 0.831
Proverbs 14 (AKJV) 0.829
John 3 (Tyndale) 0.828
1 Peter 2 (Geneva) 0.823
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 0.822
Titus 2 (AKJV) 0.818
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 0.812
1 Peter 2 (AKJV) 0.808
Philippians 4 (AKJV) 0.806
1 Peter 2 (Tyndale) 0.791
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.785
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 0.754
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.641
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.981
Verse Prominence
Psalms 37.5 (AKJV) 6.006
Proverbs 16.3 (AKJV) 1.502
Isaiah 40.22 (AKJV) 1.501
Isaiah 50.10 (AKJV) 1.5
Philippians 4.6 (ODRV) 1.5
Hosea 11.8 (Geneva) 1.499
Psalms 37.2 (AKJV) 1.496
Romans 4.20 (AKJV) 1.493
Psalms 62.9 (AKJV) 1.487
1 Kings 15.29 (AKJV) 0.752
1 Kings 15.30 (AKJV) 0.752
Matthew 6.28 (Tyndale) 0.751
Proverbs 11.28 (Douay-Rheims) 0.751
James 1.5 (ODRV) 0.751
Acts 7.59 (AKJV) 0.751
Deuteronomy 5.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.751
Genesis 24.12 (AKJV) 0.751
Isaiah 12.2 (Geneva) 0.751
Job 6.15 (AKJV) 0.751
Job 21.19 (AKJV) 0.751
2 Kings 5.27 (AKJV) 0.751
Psalms 68.5 (AKJV) 0.751
Genesis 17.7 (ODRV) 0.751
Psalms 17.13 (AKJV) 0.751
Psalms 17.14 (AKJV) 0.751
1 Kings 2.7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.751
Luke 17.5 (Geneva) 0.751
Matthew 6.25 (AKJV) 0.75
1 Samuel 2.7 (AKJV) 0.75
Matthew 4.6 (Geneva) 0.75
Psalms 107.23 (Geneva) 0.75
2 Thessalonians 3.12 (AKJV) 0.75
Psalms 90.12 (ODRV) 0.75
Psalms 34.22 (Geneva) 0.75
Jeremiah 23.24 (Douay-Rheims) 0.75
Psalms 35.27 (AKJV) 0.75
1 John 4.4 (ODRV) 0.75
Proverbs 1.24 (AKJV) 0.75
Proverbs 10.15 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 30.7 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 49.13 (AKJV) 0.749
Luke 4.10 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 55.22 (AKJV) 0.749
2 Thessalonians 3.11 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 25.4 (AKJV) 0.749
Lamentations 3.25 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 115.11 (Geneva) 0.749
Proverbs 3.6 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 62.8 (AKJV) 0.749
Luke 23.46 (AKJV) 0.749
Psalms 37.6 (AKJV) 0.749
1 Peter 2.19 (Geneva) 0.749
Psalms 92.7 (AKJV) 0.749
Isaiah 25.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.749
Isaiah 40.23 (AKJV) 0.749
Luke 17.5 (ODRV) 0.749
Judges 10.14 (Geneva) 0.749
Galatians 1.5 (Geneva) 0.749
Psalms 16.1 (AKJV) 0.748
Isaiah 25.9 (AKJV) 0.748
Proverbs 1.26 (AKJV) 0.748
Proverbs 1.27 (AKJV) 0.748
Psalms 112.2 (Geneva) 0.748
John 3.9 (Tyndale) 0.748
Psalms 78.19 (AKJV) 0.748
2 Peter 1.10 (AKJV) 0.748
Matthew 4.7 (ODRV) 0.748
Job 5.12 (AKJV) 0.748
Psalms 144.8 (ODRV) 0.748
Psalms 52.7 (AKJV) 0.748
Job 5.8 (AKJV) 0.748
Matthew 17.2 (Geneva) 0.748
John 6.31 (Geneva) 0.748
Psalms 92.6 (AKJV) 0.748
Ephesians 4.28 (AKJV) 0.747
Proverbs 1.32 (AKJV) 0.747
Proverbs 20.12 (Geneva) 0.747
Psalms 11.6 (Geneva) 0.747
Ecclesiastes 8.12 (AKJV) 0.747
Psalms 78.72 (AKJV) 0.746
Proverbs 14.8 (AKJV) 0.746
Jeremiah 10.23 (AKJV) 0.746
Psalms 34.10 (AKJV) 0.746
Matthew 10.30 (ODRV) 0.746
Proverbs 1.28 (Geneva) 0.745
Psalms 113.7 (AKJV) 0.745
Psalms 94.9 (AKJV) 0.744
Philippians 4.11 (Geneva) 0.744
2 Timothy 1.12 (Geneva) 0.744
Psalms 115.16 (Geneva) 0.743
Philippians 4.11 (AKJV) 0.743
Philippians 4.12 (AKJV) 0.743
James 1.5 (AKJV) 0.743
1 Peter 2.23 (AKJV) 0.743
Matthew 10.29 (AKJV) 0.742
Philippians 4.6 (AKJV) 0.742
Ecclesiastes 9.10 (Geneva) 0.741
Job 13.15 (AKJV) 0.741
1 Peter 2.23 (Tyndale) 0.741
1 Corinthians 11.32 (AKJV) 0.741
Psalms 73.3 (AKJV) 0.74
Romans 12.11 (AKJV) 0.739
1 John 1.9 (AKJV) 0.739
Psalms 73.12 (AKJV) 0.739
Job 5.13 (AKJV) 0.738
Psalms 146.4 (AKJV) 0.738
1 Peter 2.22 (Geneva) 0.737
Psalms 146.3 (AKJV) 0.737
2 Corinthians 3.5 (AKJV) 0.736
1 Timothy 6.17 (ODRV) 0.736
2 Corinthians 12.9 (AKJV) 0.734
2 Corinthians 12.9 (Geneva) 0.734
Psalms 9.10 (AKJV) 0.733
Psalms 46.1 (AKJV) 0.732
Psalms 107.23 (AKJV) 0.73
Philippians 4.7 (AKJV) 0.729
2 Peter 1.5 (AKJV) 0.718
Titus 2.12 (AKJV) 0.696
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.966
Evenness: 0.996
Book Prominence
Philippians 4.627
Lamentations 2.443
2 Thessalonians 2.343
Judges 2.068
Hosea 1.954
2 Chronicles 1.941
2 Peter 1.892
2 Kings 1.849
1 John 1.734
2 Timothy 1.714
1 Kings 1.692
James 1.647
1 Samuel 1.44
Ecclesiastes 1.4
1 Timothy 1.345
1 Peter 1.158
Jeremiah 1.119
Exodus 1.114
Ephesians 1.077
2 Corinthians 1.014
Job 0.979
Genesis 0.652
Proverbs 0.534
Luke 0.352
Acts 0.323
1 Corinthians 0.057
Isaiah 0.045
Romans -0.444
Matthew -0.504
Psalms -0.98
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 0.999
Chapter Prominence
Philippians 4 2.83
Judges 10 1.497
1 Kings 15 1.489
Psalms 52 1.479
Genesis 24 1.477
Isaiah 25 1.471
Psalms 146 1.467
Psalms 92 1.465
Isaiah 50 1.463
Psalms 35 1.459
Job 6 1.458
2 Kings 5 1.456
Hosea 11 1.452
1 Samuel 3 1.449
Jeremiah 10 1.447
Job 13 1.445
Psalms 94 1.443
Psalms 55 1.436
Psalms 31 1.436
Psalms 17 1.435
2 Thessalonians 3 1.434
Psalms 30 1.432
Job 21 1.429
Psalms 62 1.423
Psalms 91 1.421
Psalms 11 1.421
Psalms 68 1.404
Jeremiah 23 1.398
Genesis 17 1.397
Job 5 1.395
2 Chronicles 20 1.395
Isaiah 40 1.391
Proverbs 1 1.387
Psalms 34 1.385
1 John 1 1.385
Lamentations 3 1.381
Proverbs 11 1.379
Psalms 18 1.374
Psalms 78 1.372
Exodus 20 1.371
Ecclesiastes 8 1.37
2 Timothy 1 1.368
Ecclesiastes 9 1.359
2 Corinthians 12 1.356
Romans 16 1.353
Matthew 4 1.351
Proverbs 14 1.35
Proverbs 16 1.345
Romans 4 1.343
Luke 23 1.339
Proverbs 3 1.336
Psalms 37 1.335
1 Samuel 2 1.331
Proverbs 10 1.329
1 Timothy 5 1.327
Acts 7 1.314
Psalms 9 1.293
2 Peter 1 1.28
James 1 1.265
2 Timothy 3 1.245
Matthew 10 1.221
Matthew 6 1.197
1 Corinthians 11 1.104
Ephesians 4 1.074
1 Peter 2 1.01
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.999
Verse Prominence
Philippians 4.6 2.396
Psalms 31.1 1.203
1 Kings 15.30 1.203
Isaiah 40.23 1.203
Proverbs 16.3 1.202
Proverbs 14.8 1.202
Lamentations 3.25 1.202
Psalms 18.46 1.202
Psalms 94.10 1.202
Proverbs 11.28 1.202
Genesis 24.12 1.202
Job 21.19 1.202
1 Kings 15.29 1.202
2 Kings 5.27 1.202
Psalms 92.6 1.202
Psalms 92.7 1.202
Psalms 34.22 1.201
Psalms 37.2 1.201
Psalms 17.13 1.201
Isaiah 40.22 1.201
1 Samuel 2.7 1.201
Judges 10.14 1.201
Psalms 35.27 1.2
Job 6.15 1.2
Psalms 52.7 1.2
1 Samuel 2.8 1.2
2 Thessalonians 3.11 1.199
Psalms 91.12 1.199
Psalms 94.9 1.199
Proverbs 10.15 1.199
Psalms 68.5 1.199
Isaiah 25.9 1.199
Proverbs 1.25 1.199
Psalms 62.8 1.198
Matthew 6.25 1.197
Ephesians 4.28 1.197
Job 5.12 1.197
Jeremiah 10.23 1.197
Ecclesiastes 8.12 1.197
Psalms 55.22 1.196
2 Corinthians 12.8 1.196
Exodus 20.5 1.196
Psalms 37.5 1.195
Psalms 78.72 1.195
Philippians 4.12 1.195
Jeremiah 23.24 1.195
Isaiah 50.10 1.195
Psalms 34.10 1.195
Proverbs 1.26 1.195
Proverbs 3.6 1.194
Psalms 30.7 1.194
Luke 23.46 1.194
1 Corinthians 11.32 1.194
Proverbs 1.32 1.193
Psalms 11.6 1.192
Matthew 10.29 1.192
Psalms 9.10 1.191
Romans 4.20 1.191
Hosea 11.8 1.19
Psalms 146.4 1.19
Genesis 17.7 1.19
Proverbs 1.24 1.19
Job 13.15 1.189
Matthew 4.6 1.188
James 1.5 1.188
1 Samuel 3.18 1.187
1 John 1.9 1.187
Acts 7.59 1.187
1 Peter 2.23 1.186
Philippians 4.11 1.185
2 Timothy 1.12 1.182
Psalms 17.14 1.182
2 Timothy 3.2 1.181
Psalms 62.9 1.18
Psalms 146.3 1.18
2 Corinthians 12.7 1.179
2 Corinthians 12.9 1.179
1 Timothy 5.8 1.178
2 Timothy 3.15 1.174
2 Peter 1.10 1.17
2 Chronicles 20.12 1.153
Ecclesiastes 9.10 1.151
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase