R. P

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 7.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.3% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 83.3% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 1.0% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 2.6% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 9.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 4.8% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.6% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 1.0% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.6% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.9
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 4.903
New Testament (Vulgate) 4.572
Old Testament (ODRV) 3.493
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 1.855
Old Testament (Geneva) 0.797
New Testament (Tyndale) 0.47
New Testament (ODRV) -0.473
New Testament (Geneva) -0.533
Old Testament (AKJV) -0.842
New Testament (AKJV) -1.585
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.985
Book Prominence
Philippians (Tyndale) 5.613
2 Kings (AKJV) 2.803
Galatians (ODRV) 2.482
Philippians (AKJV) 2.3
Psalms (Geneva) 1.52
Lamentations (ODRV) 1.381
Habakkuk (AKJV) 1.376
Zechariah (Douay-Rheims) 1.352
Amos (Geneva) 1.341
Zechariah (AKJV) 1.317
4 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.277
John (Vulgate) 1.247
Leviticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.247
1 Kings (AKJV) 1.223
Leviticus (AKJV) 1.223
Exodus (ODRV) 1.167
Lamentations (AKJV) 1.155
Colossians (Geneva) 1.115
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.098
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.091
Philippians (Geneva) 1.079
Exodus (Geneva) 1.05
1 John (Tyndale) 1.032
Galatians (Geneva) 1.021
Colossians (AKJV) 1.006
Acts (Geneva) 1.006
1 Peter (Tyndale) 0.992
Genesis (ODRV) 0.982
Revelation (AKJV) 0.965
Exodus (AKJV) 0.952
Genesis (Geneva) 0.927
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.915
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.897
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.877
Psalms (AKJV) 0.867
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.827
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 0.81
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.796
Acts (AKJV) 0.741
Philippians (ODRV) 0.734
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.731
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.708
John (Geneva) 0.692
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.681
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.675
Luke (Geneva) 0.665
Job (AKJV) 0.601
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.601
Romans (Tyndale) 0.596
Matthew (Geneva) 0.474
Psalms (ODRV) 0.415
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.413
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.406
Romans (ODRV) 0.352
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.268
Romans (Geneva) 0.125
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.07
Romans (AKJV) -0.103
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.989
Chapter Prominence
Philippians 3 (Tyndale) 4.173
2 Kings 20 (AKJV) 2.133
Luke 11 (Geneva) 2.117
Psalms 85 (Geneva) 2.11
Psalms 72 (AKJV) 2.101
Galatians 6 (ODRV) 2.058
Philippians 3 (AKJV) 2.003
Isaiah 39 (Douay-Rheims) 1.074
Isaiah 39 (Geneva) 1.074
Job 37 (Douay-Rheims) 1.073
Zechariah 8 (Douay-Rheims) 1.071
4 Kings 9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.068
2 Kings 18 (AKJV) 1.067
Ecclesiasticus 24 (AKJV) 1.067
4 Kings 20 (Douay-Rheims) 1.065
1 Samuel 18 (AKJV) 1.065
Leviticus 12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.065
1 Kings 11 (AKJV) 1.064
Zechariah 8 (AKJV) 1.064
Genesis 25 (ODRV) 1.063
1 Kings 3 (AKJV) 1.062
Acts 12 (Geneva) 1.06
Psalms 48 (ODRV) 1.059
Habakkuk 1 (AKJV) 1.059
Amos 3 (Geneva) 1.055
Ecclesiasticus 50 (AKJV) 1.054
Isaiah 48 (Geneva) 1.052
Isaiah 28 (Geneva) 1.052
Job 42 (AKJV) 1.051
Job 4 (AKJV) 1.05
Isaiah 10 (AKJV) 1.05
Jeremiah 30 (AKJV) 1.049
John 1 (Vulgate) 1.043
Acts 26 (AKJV) 1.041
Isaiah 59 (Geneva) 1.039
Psalms 85 (AKJV) 1.033
Galatians 4 (Tyndale) 1.033
Exodus 20 (ODRV) 1.032
Isaiah 53 (Geneva) 1.032
Lamentations 3 (ODRV) 1.031
2 Corinthians 13 (ODRV) 1.03
1 Corinthians 6 (ODRV) 1.029
Exodus 20 (AKJV) 1.029
Jeremiah 9 (AKJV) 1.028
Exodus 20 (Geneva) 1.027
Galatians 1 (Tyndale) 1.027
Lamentations 4 (AKJV) 1.026
2 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 1.025
Philippians 1 (Geneva) 1.024
Leviticus 19 (AKJV) 1.023
Luke 17 (Geneva) 1.022
Matthew 12 (Geneva) 1.017
Romans 5 (Geneva) 1.015
Matthew 23 (Geneva) 1.014
Romans 7 (Tyndale) 1.013
Genesis 3 (Geneva) 1.012
1 John 2 (Tyndale) 1.008
Revelation 22 (AKJV) 1.005
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 1.003
1 Corinthians 1 (ODRV) 1.003
1 Corinthians 13 (Geneva) 0.999
Matthew 11 (Geneva) 0.995
Romans 9 (AKJV) 0.993
Ecclesiastes 8 (AKJV) 0.988
Psalms 90 (AKJV) 0.988
John 1 (Geneva) 0.986
Romans 3 (Geneva) 0.984
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 0.98
Lamentations 3 (AKJV) 0.979
Hebrews 12 (ODRV) 0.977
1 Corinthians 2 (ODRV) 0.976
Galatians 5 (ODRV) 0.966
Romans 3 (ODRV) 0.957
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 0.951
Matthew 5 (Geneva) 0.932
Romans 14 (AKJV) 0.93
Romans 5 (AKJV) 0.927
1 Corinthians 14 (AKJV) 0.926
Philippians 3 (ODRV) 0.916
1 Peter 2 (Tyndale) 0.905
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 0.884
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.884
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 0.841
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.755
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.99
Verse Prominence
Philippians 3.8 (Tyndale) 3.88
Jeremiah 9.4 (AKJV) 1.959
Luke 11.3 (Geneva) 1.958
2 Kings 20.19 (AKJV) 1.957
Psalms 72.7 (AKJV) 1.957
Philippians 3.7 (AKJV) 1.952
Galatians 6.5 (ODRV) 1.946
Psalms 85.10 (Geneva) 1.935
1 Kings 3.12 (AKJV) 0.98
Isaiah 39.6 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Isaiah 39.6 (Geneva) 0.98
4 Kings 20.18 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Ecclesiasticus 24.34 (AKJV) 0.98
Jeremiah 30.9 (AKJV) 0.98
1 Samuel 18.3 (AKJV) 0.98
Isaiah 59.9 (Geneva) 0.98
Zechariah 8.16 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Job 37.7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Lamentations 3.48 (AKJV) 0.979
1 Kings 11.4 (AKJV) 0.979
2 Kings 18.3 (AKJV) 0.979
John 1.25 (Geneva) 0.979
Luke 17.17 (Geneva) 0.979
Job 4.17 (AKJV) 0.979
Psalms 48.21 (ODRV) 0.979
John 1.9 (Vulgate) 0.979
Jeremiah 9.5 (AKJV) 0.979
Job 42.17 (AKJV) 0.979
Isaiah 28.24 (Geneva) 0.979
Lamentations 4.4 (AKJV) 0.979
Leviticus 19.11 (AKJV) 0.979
Matthew 12.26 (Geneva) 0.979
Isaiah 53.4 (Geneva) 0.979
4 Kings 9.22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.978
Philippians 2.2 (ODRV) 0.978
Matthew 23.33 (Geneva) 0.978
Jeremiah 9.3 (AKJV) 0.978
Ecclesiasticus 50.23 (AKJV) 0.978
1 John 2.20 (Tyndale) 0.978
Romans 9.5 (AKJV) 0.978
1 Corinthians 1.31 (ODRV) 0.978
Romans 3.8 (Geneva) 0.977
Matthew 5.9 (Geneva) 0.977
Amos 3.3 (Geneva) 0.977
Zechariah 8.17 (AKJV) 0.977
Matthew 23.4 (Geneva) 0.977
Genesis 25.19 (ODRV) 0.977
Hebrews 12.16 (ODRV) 0.977
Galatians 4.31 (Tyndale) 0.977
Acts 26.5 (AKJV) 0.977
Revelation 22.13 (AKJV) 0.977
Romans 7.14 (Tyndale) 0.976
Zechariah 8.16 (AKJV) 0.976
Exodus 20.15 (ODRV) 0.976
Exodus 20.15 (Geneva) 0.976
Exodus 20.15 (AKJV) 0.976
Habakkuk 1.16 (AKJV) 0.976
1 John 2.3 (Tyndale) 0.976
Lamentations 3.48 (ODRV) 0.975
Genesis 3.1 (Geneva) 0.975
Isaiah 10.5 (AKJV) 0.975
Colossians 1.16 (Geneva) 0.975
Acts 12.22 (Geneva) 0.975
1 Corinthians 14.18 (AKJV) 0.974
1 Corinthians 6.16 (ODRV) 0.973
Leviticus 12.3 (Douay-Rheims) 0.973
Galatians 6.5 (Geneva) 0.973
1 Corinthians 2.10 (ODRV) 0.973
Ephesians 4.12 (Geneva) 0.973
Colossians 1.17 (AKJV) 0.972
Ephesians 4.10 (AKJV) 0.971
Galatians 5.22 (ODRV) 0.971
Isaiah 48.22 (Geneva) 0.969
Romans 5.1 (AKJV) 0.969
Philippians 3.8 (ODRV) 0.969
Philippians 1.11 (Geneva) 0.969
2 Corinthians 13.8 (ODRV) 0.967
1 Corinthians 13.13 (Geneva) 0.967
2 Corinthians 10.17 (AKJV) 0.967
Romans 5.1 (Geneva) 0.966
Romans 3.8 (ODRV) 0.965
Psalms 85.10 (AKJV) 0.964
Romans 8.39 (Geneva) 0.963
Matthew 11.12 (Geneva) 0.961
Romans 14.17 (AKJV) 0.96
Jeremiah 9.1 (AKJV) 0.958
Ecclesiastes 8.4 (AKJV) 0.958
Galatians 1.5 (Tyndale) 0.958
Ephesians 4.32 (AKJV) 0.954
Hebrews 12.14 (ODRV) 0.942
Psalms 90.12 (AKJV) 0.939
1 Peter 2.17 (Tyndale) 0.904
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.964
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Habakkuk 2.955
Lamentations 2.789
Zechariah 2.578
Judges 2.414
Titus 2.296
2 Kings 2.195
1 John 2.08
2 Timothy 2.059
1 Kings 2.037
James 1.993
2 Samuel 1.868
Ecclesiastes 1.745
Revelation 1.605
1 Peter 1.504
Jeremiah 1.465
Ephesians 1.423
2 Corinthians 1.359
Job 1.325
Genesis 0.997
Hebrews 0.935
Proverbs 0.88
Luke 0.698
Acts 0.669
1 Corinthians 0.403
Isaiah 0.391
Romans -0.099
Matthew -0.158
Psalms -0.634
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Job 37 1.711
Isaiah 39 1.71
1 Kings 15 1.698
Zechariah 8 1.689
2 Kings 20 1.681
Job 42 1.679
Proverbs 7 1.677
2 Samuel 20 1.676
Genesis 47 1.672
Habakkuk 1 1.664
Isaiah 41 1.662
Psalms 44 1.661
Psalms 72 1.661
1 Kings 3 1.66
Acts 28 1.659
2 Kings 18 1.658
Psalms 85 1.658
2 Samuel 16 1.656
Judges 6 1.65
Proverbs 25 1.645
Proverbs 6 1.636
Isaiah 59 1.632
Lamentations 4 1.627
2 Corinthians 13 1.625
Jeremiah 9 1.624
Jeremiah 3 1.621
Psalms 90 1.62
Luke 17 1.607
Acts 26 1.606
Acts 19 1.599
James 3 1.58
Ecclesiastes 8 1.579
2 Timothy 1 1.577
1 John 4 1.557
Genesis 4 1.557
Titus 1 1.552
Luke 19 1.525
Proverbs 8 1.513
Romans 9 1.512
Hebrews 6 1.506
Revelation 3 1.505
1 Corinthians 14 1.5
Romans 3 1.49
Luke 10 1.475
Matthew 23 1.457
Genesis 3 1.453
Romans 5 1.445
Isaiah 1 1.437
Matthew 10 1.43
Romans 12 1.405
1 Corinthians 1 1.389
Hebrews 13 1.388
Matthew 11 1.38
Hebrews 12 1.366
Ephesians 4 1.283
Matthew 5 1.237
1 Peter 2 1.219
Romans 8 1.147
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
1 Kings 15.3 1.817
2 Samuel 20.17 1.817
Job 42.1 1.817
Luke 19.24 1.817
Job 37.7 1.817
Isaiah 39.6 1.816
Psalms 72.7 1.816
Judges 6.6 1.816
2 Kings 20.19 1.815
Isaiah 59.10 1.815
Acts 19.35 1.815
Matthew 11.3 1.814
Isaiah 41.1 1.814
2 Samuel 16.11 1.814
Zechariah 8.16 1.814
1 Kings 3.12 1.813
2 Kings 18.3 1.813
Jeremiah 3.9 1.813
2 Corinthians 13.8 1.813
Lamentations 4.4 1.813
Genesis 3.1 1.812
Luke 17.17 1.812
Hebrews 13.12 1.812
Acts 19.24 1.812
Luke 10.34 1.811
1 Corinthians 14.8 1.811
1 Corinthians 14.5 1.811
Romans 12.4 1.81
Acts 26.5 1.81
Habakkuk 1.16 1.808
1 John 4.8 1.807
Hebrews 6.9 1.806
1 Corinthians 1.31 1.805
Ephesians 4.15 1.803
Matthew 23.4 1.803
Matthew 5.9 1.802
Romans 12.12 1.8
Psalms 90.12 1.799
Titus 1.12 1.798
Revelation 3.19 1.798
Ecclesiastes 8.4 1.797
Isaiah 1.17 1.796
2 Timothy 1.13 1.796
Matthew 10.16 1.795
Genesis 4.7 1.795
Psalms 85.10 1.793
Romans 9.4 1.791
Genesis 47.9 1.789
Jeremiah 9.1 1.786
Romans 8.18 1.782
1 Corinthians 1.30 1.772
Hebrews 12.14 1.771
Romans 3.8 1.765
Romans 5.1 1.748
1 Peter 2.17 1.745
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase