Ram, Robert, d. 1657

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 10.2% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 4.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 85.0% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 9.4% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 3.7% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 6.958
Apocrypha (AKJV) 6.014
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.967
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.908
New Testament (Tyndale) 1.581
New Testament (ODRV) 0.638
New Testament (Geneva) 0.578
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.269
New Testament (AKJV) -0.473
Diversity: 0.968
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
2 John (ODRV) 3.195
1 Maccabees (AKJV) 3.121
Joshua (Geneva) 3.099
1 Paralipomenon (Douay-Rheims) 3.099
Zechariah (Geneva) 3.081
Titus (Geneva) 2.979
Judges (AKJV) 2.977
2 Timothy (Geneva) 2.873
1 Samuel (AKJV) 2.808
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 2.808
Titus (AKJV) 2.76
Exodus (Geneva) 2.76
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 2.736
1 John (ODRV) 2.734
1 Timothy (Geneva) 2.699
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 2.683
Exodus (AKJV) 2.662
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 2.531
Luke (Tyndale) 2.458
Philippians (ODRV) 2.445
Proverbs (Geneva) 2.387
Luke (Geneva) 2.376
Luke (ODRV) 2.332
Job (AKJV) 2.311
Hebrews (AKJV) 2.307
Proverbs (AKJV) 2.064
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.979
Romans (Geneva) 1.836
Psalms (Geneva) 1.715
Romans (AKJV) 1.608
Psalms (AKJV) 1.063
Diversity: 0.974
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
1 Maccabees 12 (AKJV) 2.561
Joshua 9 (Geneva) 2.558
Zechariah 7 (Geneva) 2.555
1 Paralipomenon 19 (Douay-Rheims) 2.554
2 John 1 (ODRV) 2.553
Luke 3 (Tyndale) 2.552
Deuteronomy 23 (Geneva) 2.551
Psalms 83 (Geneva) 2.548
Luke 3 (Geneva) 2.547
Ecclesiasticus 41 (Douay-Rheims) 2.545
Deuteronomy 1 (Geneva) 2.543
Deuteronomy 23 (AKJV) 2.541
Luke 3 (ODRV) 2.541
Psalms 135 (AKJV) 2.54
1 Samuel 4 (AKJV) 2.538
Psalms 94 (Geneva) 2.538
Job 8 (AKJV) 2.538
Judges 5 (AKJV) 2.531
Psalms 124 (Geneva) 2.53
Deuteronomy 5 (Geneva) 2.53
Proverbs 28 (Geneva) 2.529
Luke 5 (Geneva) 2.528
Exodus 20 (Geneva) 2.516
Exodus 15 (AKJV) 2.515
Proverbs 28 (AKJV) 2.505
Deuteronomy 5 (AKJV) 2.505
2 Timothy 2 (Geneva) 2.5
Proverbs 20 (AKJV) 2.491
Titus 2 (Geneva) 2.489
1 Timothy 6 (Geneva) 2.481
1 Corinthians 2 (Geneva) 2.457
1 John 3 (ODRV) 2.448
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 2.438
Titus 2 (AKJV) 2.42
Hebrews 11 (AKJV) 2.41
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 2.398
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 2.373
Romans 8 (AKJV) 2.262
Romans 13 (Geneva) 2.24
Diversity: 0.974
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Joshua 9.2 (Geneva) 2.563
Luke 3.14 (Tyndale) 2.563
Deuteronomy 5.20 (AKJV) 2.563
Deuteronomy 5.20 (Geneva) 2.563
1 Maccabees 12.15 (AKJV) 2.563
Luke 3.10 (ODRV) 2.562
Hebrews 11.34 (AKJV) 2.562
Deuteronomy 23.14 (Geneva) 2.562
Zechariah 7.10 (Geneva) 2.562
Ecclesiasticus 41.15 (Douay-Rheims) 2.562
1 Timothy 6.6 (Geneva) 2.561
1 Corinthians 2.16 (Geneva) 2.561
Judges 5.9 (AKJV) 2.561
Psalms 37.23 (AKJV) 2.561
Psalms 94.16 (Geneva) 2.561
Job 8.20 (AKJV) 2.561
Luke 5.30 (Geneva) 2.56
Psalms 135.20 (AKJV) 2.56
2 John 1.8 (ODRV) 2.56
1 John 3.3 (ODRV) 2.56
Luke 3.14 (Geneva) 2.559
Proverbs 20.18 (AKJV) 2.559
Exodus 20.7 (Geneva) 2.559
Deuteronomy 23.9 (AKJV) 2.558
Deuteronomy 1.29 (Geneva) 2.558
1 Samuel 4.22 (AKJV) 2.557
Psalms 83.4 (Geneva) 2.557
Exodus 15.3 (AKJV) 2.556
Proverbs 28.1 (AKJV) 2.556
1 Paralipomenon 19.13 (Douay-Rheims) 2.556
Proverbs 28.1 (Geneva) 2.555
2 Timothy 2.7 (Geneva) 2.554
Psalms 124.2 (Geneva) 2.554
Romans 8.31 (AKJV) 2.541
1 Thessalonians 5.22 (AKJV) 2.536
Titus 2.12 (Geneva) 2.53
Titus 2.12 (AKJV) 2.509
Philippians 2.8 (ODRV) 2.463
Romans 13.1 (Geneva) 2.387
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.951
Evenness: 0.991
Book Prominence
2 Chronicles 7.049
Acts 5.431
Zephaniah 3.83
Joshua 3.199
Judges 3.009
Titus 2.891
Colossians 2.657
2 Samuel 2.463
1 Samuel 2.381
Revelation 2.2
Deuteronomy 2.13
Jeremiah 2.06
Exodus 2.055
Job 1.92
Genesis 1.592
Hebrews 1.53
Proverbs 1.475
Luke 1.293
Isaiah 0.986
Romans 0.497
Matthew 0.437
Psalms -0.039
Diversity: 0.967
Evenness: 0.992
Chapter Prominence
2 Chronicles 19 5.62
Psalms 37 5.534
Acts 10 5.515
Joshua 22 2.834
Psalms 149 2.826
Zephaniah 3 2.818
Deuteronomy 23 2.811
Jeremiah 48 2.81
2 Samuel 10 2.809
Genesis 14 2.802
Isaiah 54 2.798
1 Samuel 4 2.791
Deuteronomy 13 2.79
Exodus 17 2.79
2 Samuel 23 2.789
Proverbs 25 2.778
Luke 3 2.77
Job 8 2.768
Psalms 11 2.763
Joshua 7 2.757
Exodus 15 2.751
Judges 5 2.749
Proverbs 20 2.737
Psalms 33 2.737
Proverbs 28 2.711
Matthew 8 2.672
Titus 2 2.641
Revelation 3 2.638
Colossians 3 2.529
Hebrews 11 2.453
Matthew 5 2.37
Romans 13 2.101
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.993
Verse Prominence
Acts 10.1 4.076
Psalms 37.23 4.074
2 Chronicles 19.2 4.073
Acts 10.2 4.071
Joshua 22.11 2.04
Psalms 33.4 2.04
Genesis 14.15 2.039
Deuteronomy 13.15 2.039
Joshua 22.12 2.039
Job 8.20 2.039
Proverbs 25.18 2.039
Deuteronomy 13.12 2.038
Zephaniah 3.19 2.038
Proverbs 28.17 2.038
Judges 5.9 2.037
Deuteronomy 13.14 2.037
Matthew 8.10 2.036
Deuteronomy 13.13 2.036
1 Samuel 4.22 2.036
Psalms 11.2 2.036
Judges 5.15 2.035
Psalms 33.12 2.034
Isaiah 54.17 2.034
Psalms 11.5 2.034
Exodus 17.11 2.034
Exodus 15.3 2.033
Proverbs 20.18 2.033
Genesis 14.14 2.032
Colossians 3.11 2.032
Proverbs 25.3 2.03
2 Samuel 10.12 2.027
Matthew 5.29 2.026
Revelation 3.16 2.026
Proverbs 28.1 2.025
Deuteronomy 23.9 2.025
Luke 3.14 2.024
Judges 5.23 2.024
Jeremiah 48.10 2.02
Hebrews 11.38 2.017
Titus 2.11 1.992
Titus 2.12 1.991
Romans 13.5 1.979
Romans 13.2 1.927
Romans 13.4 1.925
Romans 13.1 1.731
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase