Smith, Benjamin, 1642 or 3-1714

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 4.0% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.8% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 88.2% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 8.2% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 3.8% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.794
Evenness: 0.775
Part Prominence
New Testament (Geneva) 17.728
New Testament (AKJV) 16.676
New Testament (ODRV) 9.092
Apocrypha (ODRV) 2.321
New Testament (Wycliffe) -0.114
Apocrypha (AKJV) -2.923
New Testament (Vulgate) -3.254
New Testament (Tyndale) -5.182
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -5.971
Old Testament (AKJV) -6.494
Old Testament (Geneva) -7.029
Diversity: 0.94
Evenness: 0.874
Book Prominence
John (Geneva) 13.307
John (AKJV) 13.094
John (ODRV) 8.782
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 3.858
Baruch (ODRV) 2.021
Revelation (Tyndale) 1.748
James (Geneva) 1.729
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.468
Philippians (AKJV) 1.443
John (Tyndale) 1.338
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.065
John (Wycliffe) 0.883
James (Tyndale) 0.819
John (Vulgate) 0.819
Colossians (Tyndale) 0.805
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 0.752
2 Timothy (Geneva) 0.734
Wisdom (AKJV) 0.729
Lamentations (AKJV) 0.726
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 0.709
Ezekiel (AKJV) 0.696
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 0.622
Galatians (ODRV) 0.539
1 Peter (Geneva) 0.5
Ephesians (ODRV) 0.465
James (AKJV) 0.461
Galatians (AKJV) 0.412
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.398
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.368
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.362
Job (Geneva) 0.359
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.344
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.322
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.303
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.249
Genesis (AKJV) 0.231
Luke (ODRV) 0.193
Job (AKJV) 0.173
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.168
Matthew (Geneva) 0.046
Psalms (AKJV) 0.011
Proverbs (AKJV) -0.075
Romans (ODRV) -0.076
Matthew (ODRV) -0.196
Romans (Geneva) -0.303
Matthew (AKJV) -0.322
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.358
Psalms (Geneva) -0.423
Romans (AKJV) -0.531
Diversity: 0.962
Evenness: 0.904
Chapter Prominence
John 9 (Geneva) 10.885
John 9 (AKJV) 10.871
John 9 (ODRV) 7.521
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 3.196
John 9 (Tyndale) 1.661
Baruch 6 (ODRV) 1.637
Job 22 (AKJV) 1.636
James 1 (Geneva) 1.609
Ecclesiastes 9 (AKJV) 1.604
Revelation 14 (Tyndale) 1.596
Ecclesiastes 12 (AKJV) 1.583
Psalms 51 (AKJV) 1.58
1 Corinthians 10 (ODRV) 1.534
Philippians 4 (AKJV) 1.525
John 9 (Vulgate) 0.837
John 3 (Wycliffe) 0.831
Psalms 6 (Geneva) 0.828
Ezekiel 7 (AKJV) 0.824
Psalms 6 (AKJV) 0.824
Genesis 5 (AKJV) 0.818
Job 36 (AKJV) 0.817
Job 38 (Geneva) 0.816
Proverbs 7 (Geneva) 0.813
Proverbs 17 (Geneva) 0.812
Wisdom 2 (AKJV) 0.81
James 4 (Tyndale) 0.807
Job 17 (AKJV) 0.805
Job 17 (Geneva) 0.802
Proverbs 10 (Douay-Rheims) 0.802
Genesis 6 (AKJV) 0.801
Job 5 (Geneva) 0.795
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 0.793
Job 38 (AKJV) 0.792
1 Thessalonians 4 (ODRV) 0.792
Lamentations 4 (AKJV) 0.791
Proverbs 10 (AKJV) 0.789
John 4 (ODRV) 0.788
Luke 12 (ODRV) 0.781
Luke 10 (ODRV) 0.779
Ecclesiastes 12 (Geneva) 0.778
Colossians 3 (Tyndale) 0.778
2 Corinthians 6 (ODRV) 0.77
Galatians 3 (ODRV) 0.768
Matthew 11 (Geneva) 0.76
2 Corinthians 6 (Geneva) 0.757
Ephesians 2 (ODRV) 0.755
John 3 (Geneva) 0.754
Matthew 3 (AKJV) 0.752
2 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 0.751
Romans 3 (Geneva) 0.749
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 0.744
Hebrews 9 (AKJV) 0.743
Hebrews 12 (ODRV) 0.742
1 Peter 1 (Geneva) 0.741
Job 14 (AKJV) 0.739
Matthew 25 (ODRV) 0.734
Romans 2 (ODRV) 0.734
1 Thessalonians 4 (Geneva) 0.731
1 Thessalonians 4 (AKJV) 0.729
Romans 14 (Geneva) 0.723
Hebrews 12 (AKJV) 0.721
1 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.717
Matthew 7 (ODRV) 0.711
James 1 (AKJV) 0.71
Ephesians 2 (Geneva) 0.709
Galatians 6 (AKJV) 0.704
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.693
Hebrews 13 (AKJV) 0.693
Romans 5 (AKJV) 0.692
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.649
Romans 6 (Geneva) 0.634
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 0.606
Romans 8 (AKJV) 0.538
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 0.504
Diversity: 0.964
Evenness: 0.907
Verse Prominence
John 9.4 (Geneva) 10.553
John 9.4 (AKJV) 10.552
John 9.4 (ODRV) 7.304
1 Thessalonians 5.2 (AKJV) 3.24
John 9.4 (Tyndale) 1.624
James 1.26 (Geneva) 1.624
Job 22.3 (AKJV) 1.622
Ecclesiastes 12.13 (AKJV) 1.613
Baruch 6.37 (ODRV) 1.613
Psalms 51.5 (AKJV) 1.609
Ecclesiastes 9.10 (AKJV) 1.601
Philippians 4.8 (AKJV) 1.598
1 Corinthians 10.31 (ODRV) 1.591
Galatians 6.10 (AKJV) 1.572
Revelation 14.13 (Tyndale) 1.562
John 9.4 (Vulgate) 0.812
Luke 10.27 (ODRV) 0.812
Matthew 25.30 (AKJV) 0.812
Lamentations 4.18 (AKJV) 0.812
Job 5.26 (Geneva) 0.811
John 4.34 (ODRV) 0.811
Colossians 3.13 (Tyndale) 0.811
Job 36.14 (AKJV) 0.811
Psalms 16.2 (AKJV) 0.811
Luke 12.43 (ODRV) 0.811
Romans 3.15 (Geneva) 0.81
Ephesians 2.3 (ODRV) 0.81
Proverbs 17.16 (Geneva) 0.81
Genesis 5.27 (AKJV) 0.81
Ezekiel 7.6 (AKJV) 0.81
Psalms 6.5 (Geneva) 0.81
John 3.17 (Wycliffe) 0.809
1 Thessalonians 4.11 (ODRV) 0.809
James 1.26 (AKJV) 0.809
Romans 14.12 (Geneva) 0.809
John 9.2 (ODRV) 0.808
Job 14.4 (AKJV) 0.808
John 3.7 (Geneva) 0.808
Matthew 25.30 (ODRV) 0.808
Psalms 6.5 (AKJV) 0.808
Job 38.11 (Geneva) 0.807
Genesis 6.3 (AKJV) 0.806
Ephesians 2.10 (Geneva) 0.806
Hebrews 13.16 (AKJV) 0.805
1 Thessalonians 4.7 (AKJV) 0.805
1 Thessalonians 4.7 (Geneva) 0.805
Matthew 7.21 (ODRV) 0.804
Ecclesiastes 12.14 (Geneva) 0.803
2 Timothy 4.6 (Geneva) 0.802
2 Corinthians 6.2 (ODRV) 0.802
Galatians 3.9 (ODRV) 0.802
Proverbs 7.27 (Geneva) 0.802
Proverbs 10.7 (AKJV) 0.802
Proverbs 10.7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.802
Job 38.11 (AKJV) 0.801
Ephesians 4.24 (Geneva) 0.801
2 Corinthians 6.15 (Geneva) 0.801
Romans 8.24 (Geneva) 0.8
Matthew 11.30 (Geneva) 0.8
Hebrews 12.29 (AKJV) 0.798
Hebrews 12.29 (ODRV) 0.798
James 4.14 (Tyndale) 0.798
Galatians 6.8 (AKJV) 0.797
Wisdom 2.5 (AKJV) 0.797
Romans 6.12 (Geneva) 0.797
Job 17.14 (AKJV) 0.797
Matthew 3.8 (AKJV) 0.796
1 Peter 1.24 (Geneva) 0.795
Romans 8.24 (AKJV) 0.794
Romans 8.7 (AKJV) 0.792
1 Peter 1.19 (AKJV) 0.792
Romans 2.6 (ODRV) 0.788
Matthew 22.39 (ODRV) 0.785
Job 17.16 (Geneva) 0.783
1 Corinthians 10.31 (AKJV) 0.772
Hebrews 9.27 (AKJV) 0.765
Romans 5.12 (AKJV) 0.759
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.93
Evenness: 0.992
Book Prominence
1 Corinthians 9.331
James 4.671
Galatians 4.455
Philippians 4.425
Ecclesiastes 4.424
Revelation 4.283
Ephesians 4.102
Job 4.004
Genesis 3.676
Hebrews 3.614
Proverbs 3.559
Luke 3.377
John 3.287
Matthew 2.521
Psalms 2.045
Diversity: 0.954
Evenness: 0.991
Chapter Prominence
Ecclesiastes 12 7.82
1 Corinthians 10 7.7
Job 22 3.942
Psalms 6 3.917
Proverbs 17 3.905
Psalms 39 3.858
John 9 3.854
Genesis 6 3.85
Ecclesiastes 9 3.843
Revelation 14 3.84
Proverbs 16 3.83
Psalms 16 3.818
Proverbs 10 3.814
Ecclesiastes 7 3.807
Job 14 3.805
Philippians 4 3.799
Hebrews 9 3.755
Luke 10 3.751
James 1 3.75
Galatians 6 3.739
Ephesians 2 3.712
Hebrews 13 3.664
Matthew 25 3.606
Diversity: 0.965
Evenness: 0.994
Verse Prominence
Ecclesiastes 12.14 6.23
1 Corinthians 10.31 6.218
Matthew 25.19 3.122
Proverbs 17.16 3.12
Job 22.3 3.119
Job 14.4 3.118
Psalms 6.5 3.118
Matthew 25.42 3.117
Luke 10.27 3.115
Matthew 25.30 3.115
Ecclesiastes 7.29 3.113
Psalms 16.2 3.112
James 1.26 3.111
Galatians 6.8 3.107
Proverbs 16.4 3.104
Ecclesiastes 12.13 3.103
John 9.4 3.102
Galatians 6.7 3.102
Ephesians 2.10 3.101
Genesis 6.3 3.095
Ephesians 2.3 3.094
Hebrews 13.16 3.094
Philippians 4.8 3.092
Psalms 39.5 3.082
Matthew 25.41 3.077
Galatians 6.10 3.075
Ecclesiastes 9.10 3.072
Hebrews 9.27 3.054
Proverbs 10.7 3.054
Revelation 14.13 3.051
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase