T. A. (Thomas Arnold)

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 9.0% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 84.4% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 11.4% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.9
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 5.847
Apocrypha (AKJV) 4.903
Old Testament (ODRV) 3.493
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 1.855
Old Testament (Geneva) 0.797
New Testament (Tyndale) 0.47
New Testament (ODRV) -0.473
New Testament (Geneva) -0.533
Old Testament (AKJV) -0.842
New Testament (AKJV) -1.585
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Esther (AKJV) 2.328
Jonah (Geneva) 2.304
Daniel (ODRV) 2.277
Titus (Tyndale) 2.266
2 Kings (AKJV) 2.212
Daniel (AKJV) 2.18
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 2.163
Daniel (Geneva) 2.127
Exodus (ODRV) 2.09
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.955
Acts (Geneva) 1.929
Revelation (Geneva) 1.898
Revelation (AKJV) 1.889
Revelation (ODRV) 1.882
Genesis (Geneva) 1.851
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 1.821
James (AKJV) 1.813
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.745
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 1.714
Philippians (AKJV) 1.708
Luke (Tyndale) 1.672
Acts (AKJV) 1.665
Ephesians (Geneva) 1.655
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.632
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.605
John (Tyndale) 1.603
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.601
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.599
Luke (Geneva) 1.589
Ephesians (AKJV) 1.525
Hebrews (AKJV) 1.52
John (ODRV) 1.438
John (AKJV) 1.402
Matthew (Tyndale) 1.381
Psalms (ODRV) 1.339
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.33
Matthew (ODRV) 1.156
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.994
Psalms (Geneva) 0.929
Romans (AKJV) 0.821
Psalms (AKJV) 0.276
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Exodus 35 (ODRV) 1.783
Revelation 7 (Geneva) 1.778
Psalms 54 (ODRV) 1.775
Isaiah 6 (Geneva) 1.775
Jonah 2 (Geneva) 1.774
Daniel 6 (ODRV) 1.773
Psalms 29 (Geneva) 1.773
Isaiah 6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.773
Psalms 125 (ODRV) 1.773
Psalms 68 (ODRV) 1.772
Ecclesiasticus 14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.772
Proverbs 27 (Douay-Rheims) 1.771
Psalms 46 (Geneva) 1.771
2 Kings 5 (AKJV) 1.771
Ecclesiasticus 11 (AKJV) 1.77
Genesis 4 (Geneva) 1.767
Exodus 3 (ODRV) 1.767
Daniel 4 (Geneva) 1.766
Revelation 19 (AKJV) 1.765
Esther 6 (AKJV) 1.763
John 2 (Tyndale) 1.762
Titus 3 (Tyndale) 1.762
2 Corinthians 6 (Tyndale) 1.761
Daniel 6 (AKJV) 1.759
Acts 16 (AKJV) 1.758
Daniel 3 (AKJV) 1.755
Psalms 69 (AKJV) 1.755
Acts 7 (Geneva) 1.753
Psalms 36 (AKJV) 1.75
Psalms 113 (AKJV) 1.748
Revelation 21 (ODRV) 1.745
Psalms 2 (ODRV) 1.735
Psalms 77 (ODRV) 1.735
Luke 12 (Tyndale) 1.735
Hebrews 3 (AKJV) 1.734
Matthew 24 (Tyndale) 1.729
Proverbs 16 (Geneva) 1.726
1 Thessalonians 4 (Tyndale) 1.725
John 14 (Tyndale) 1.725
Matthew 23 (ODRV) 1.72
John 12 (AKJV) 1.714
Luke 22 (Geneva) 1.714
Matthew 10 (Tyndale) 1.709
James 4 (AKJV) 1.706
Luke 12 (Geneva) 1.695
John 1 (Tyndale) 1.689
John 1 (ODRV) 1.685
James 1 (AKJV) 1.656
John 3 (Tyndale) 1.652
Ephesians 5 (Geneva) 1.649
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 1.645
Philippians 3 (AKJV) 1.638
Romans 5 (AKJV) 1.638
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 1.637
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 1.579
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 1.494
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Proverbs 27.9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.785
Jonah 2.7 (Geneva) 1.785
Psalms 29.9 (Geneva) 1.785
Psalms 54.18 (ODRV) 1.785
Exodus 3.9 (ODRV) 1.785
John 1.50 (ODRV) 1.785
John 1.50 (Tyndale) 1.785
Daniel 6.10 (ODRV) 1.784
Exodus 35.31 (ODRV) 1.784
John 14.9 (Tyndale) 1.784
James 1.9 (AKJV) 1.784
Revelation 19.14 (AKJV) 1.784
Revelation 7.12 (Geneva) 1.784
Psalms 77.24 (ODRV) 1.784
Ecclesiasticus 11.25 (AKJV) 1.784
John 3.34 (Tyndale) 1.784
Daniel 6.10 (AKJV) 1.783
Genesis 4.26 (Geneva) 1.783
Psalms 46.4 (Geneva) 1.783
Ecclesiasticus 14.18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.783
2 Kings 5.13 (AKJV) 1.783
Esther 6.13 (AKJV) 1.782
James 4.10 (AKJV) 1.782
Proverbs 16.4 (Geneva) 1.782
John 12.32 (AKJV) 1.782
Luke 12.9 (Tyndale) 1.782
Isaiah 6.3 (Geneva) 1.782
Psalms 125.5 (ODRV) 1.782
Psalms 68.3 (ODRV) 1.781
Acts 7.22 (Geneva) 1.781
Acts 16.25 (AKJV) 1.781
Isaiah 6.3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.781
Matthew 23.5 (ODRV) 1.78
John 2.19 (Tyndale) 1.78
Titus 3.7 (Tyndale) 1.78
Luke 12.23 (Geneva) 1.78
Revelation 21.21 (ODRV) 1.78
Matthew 10.33 (Tyndale) 1.78
Psalms 69.22 (AKJV) 1.78
Hebrews 3.12 (AKJV) 1.778
Daniel 3.23 (AKJV) 1.778
Matthew 24.1 (Tyndale) 1.777
Philippians 3.7 (AKJV) 1.777
Daniel 4.27 (Geneva) 1.777
1 Thessalonians 4.3 (Tyndale) 1.776
Ephesians 5.27 (Geneva) 1.776
1 Corinthians 15.42 (AKJV) 1.776
2 Corinthians 4.8 (AKJV) 1.776
2 Corinthians 6.2 (Tyndale) 1.775
Psalms 2.11 (ODRV) 1.773
Psalms 113.2 (AKJV) 1.773
Psalms 36.8 (AKJV) 1.771
Ephesians 2.18 (AKJV) 1.77
Romans 5.2 (AKJV) 1.77
Luke 22.42 (Geneva) 1.767
1 Corinthians 15.44 (ODRV) 1.753
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.96
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Haggai 3.682
Jonah 3.512
Canticles 3.214
Hosea 2.728
Mark 2.6
Daniel 2.562
Colossians 2.491
1 Kings 2.466
James 2.421
Ezekiel 2.332
Galatians 2.205
Philippians 2.175
Revelation 2.033
Ephesians 1.852
2 Corinthians 1.788
Job 1.754
Genesis 1.426
Hebrews 1.364
Luke 1.127
Acts 1.097
John 1.037
Isaiah 0.819
Romans 0.33
Matthew 0.271
Psalms -0.205
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
Acts 7 3.132
Romans 5 3.055
Revelation 8 1.635
Jonah 2 1.634
Mark 11 1.634
Haggai 1 1.62
Job 17 1.617
1 Kings 13 1.614
Psalms 130 1.61
Psalms 63 1.607
Hosea 5 1.607
Canticles 5 1.603
Psalms 69 1.592
Psalms 55 1.588
Psalms 46 1.587
Hosea 2 1.586
Revelation 7 1.585
Job 2 1.583
Revelation 6 1.582
Genesis 28 1.58
1 Kings 8 1.577
Psalms 36 1.576
Isaiah 43 1.571
1 Kings 19 1.569
Daniel 3 1.567
Daniel 6 1.562
Psalms 27 1.56
Ezekiel 16 1.559
Psalms 42 1.551
Isaiah 6 1.542
Hebrews 3 1.537
John 7 1.532
Acts 16 1.531
Isaiah 3 1.522
Revelation 1 1.51
Genesis 4 1.5
Job 1 1.486
2 Corinthians 1 1.485
Hebrews 2 1.483
Job 14 1.472
Revelation 21 1.466
Philippians 4 1.466
Acts 5 1.463
Romans 11 1.459
Ephesians 1 1.455
John 4 1.455
John 16 1.451
Acts 20 1.445
James 1 1.416
Galatians 6 1.406
John 1 1.398
Luke 12 1.379
John 3 1.366
Matthew 6 1.348
Romans 12 1.347
Colossians 3 1.338
Hebrews 11 1.262
Romans 8 1.089
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
Romans 5.2 3.206
Romans 5.3 3.2
1 Kings 13.19 1.612
Luke 12.23 1.612
Job 14.8 1.611
1 Kings 19.6 1.611
Romans 11.9 1.611
Romans 11.10 1.611
Psalms 63.4 1.61
Revelation 1.15 1.61
Psalms 69.1 1.61
Isaiah 3.18 1.61
Mark 11.25 1.609
Psalms 69.2 1.609
James 1.10 1.609
Revelation 21.6 1.609
Revelation 6.11 1.609
Isaiah 6.1 1.608
Jonah 2.4 1.607
Revelation 1.14 1.607
Revelation 1.16 1.607
Psalms 55.17 1.607
Psalms 130.1 1.607
Revelation 1.13 1.606
Psalms 46.3 1.606
Canticles 5.10 1.605
Psalms 55.22 1.605
Psalms 55.14 1.605
Hebrews 2.11 1.604
2 Corinthians 1.4 1.604
Galatians 6.17 1.604
Psalms 63.3 1.603
Acts 16.25 1.602
John 3.34 1.602
John 7.38 1.602
Haggai 1.4 1.601
Revelation 8.3 1.601
Romans 5.4 1.6
Psalms 46.4 1.6
Luke 12.5 1.6
Acts 20.24 1.599
Matthew 6.5 1.599
Philippians 4.6 1.599
Isaiah 3.19 1.599
Luke 12.4 1.599
Revelation 6.9 1.599
Isaiah 3.20 1.598
Ephesians 1.6 1.597
Hebrews 3.12 1.595
Job 2.4 1.594
Hosea 5.15 1.593
Isaiah 43.2 1.593
Acts 5.41 1.592
Matthew 6.6 1.59
Romans 12.11 1.59
John 4.14 1.59
Colossians 3.3 1.588
Daniel 6.10 1.586
Psalms 27.4 1.585
Job 1.21 1.575
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase