Topham, George, d. 1694

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 2.5% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 0.7% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 90.3% 100.0%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.1% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 6.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 2.7% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.847
Evenness: 0.931
Part Prominence
Old Testament (AKJV) 17.73
Old Testament (ODRV) 7.778
Old Testament (Geneva) 5.083
Old Testament (Vulgate) 4.791
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -1.002
New Testament (Tyndale) -2.387
New Testament (ODRV) -3.331
New Testament (Geneva) -3.39
New Testament (AKJV) -4.442
Diversity: 0.961
Evenness: 0.977
Book Prominence
Psalms (AKJV) 8.648
Psalms (ODRV) 4.306
Psalms (Geneva) 3.895
Psalms (Vulgate) 2.514
1 Samuel (Geneva) 2.451
Daniel (AKJV) 2.443
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 2.43
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 2.371
2 Samuel (AKJV) 2.298
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 2.285
Galatians (Tyndale) 2.279
Philippians (Geneva) 2.266
Acts (Geneva) 2.193
Ephesians (Tyndale) 2.166
1 Timothy (ODRV) 2.164
1 Peter (Geneva) 2.116
Luke (Tyndale) 1.935
Acts (AKJV) 1.928
Ephesians (Geneva) 1.919
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.896
John (Tyndale) 1.867
Luke (Geneva) 1.853
Luke (ODRV) 1.809
Ephesians (AKJV) 1.789
Matthew (Geneva) 1.662
Luke (AKJV) 1.622
Isaiah (AKJV) 1.601
Matthew (ODRV) 1.42
Romans (Geneva) 1.313
Matthew (AKJV) 1.294
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.258
Romans (AKJV) 1.085
Diversity: 0.973
Evenness: 0.963
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 59 (Geneva) 9.993
Psalms 59 (AKJV) 5.708
Psalms 90 (ODRV) 2.844
2 Samuel 18 (AKJV) 2.84
Psalms 55 (Geneva) 2.836
Matthew 23 (Geneva) 2.795
Matthew 16 (ODRV) 2.754
1 Kings 29 (Douay-Rheims) 1.425
Psalms 60 (Geneva) 1.424
Psalms 149 (ODRV) 1.422
1 Samuel 18 (Geneva) 1.419
Psalms 106 (Vulgate) 1.419
2 Samuel 16 (AKJV) 1.418
Psalms 60 (AKJV) 1.413
Daniel 9 (AKJV) 1.412
Acts 9 (AKJV) 1.408
Psalms 25 (Geneva) 1.406
Psalms 71 (ODRV) 1.405
Psalms 149 (AKJV) 1.402
Acts 5 (Geneva) 1.401
Psalms 65 (AKJV) 1.398
Luke 18 (Geneva) 1.397
Luke 11 (ODRV) 1.394
Ezekiel 18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.393
John 16 (Tyndale) 1.388
Luke 18 (AKJV) 1.385
Psalms 55 (AKJV) 1.384
Luke 18 (Tyndale) 1.383
Galatians 1 (Tyndale) 1.381
Psalms 2 (ODRV) 1.378
Deuteronomy 32 (Geneva) 1.371
Psalms 105 (AKJV) 1.37
Matthew 28 (ODRV) 1.367
Matthew 23 (ODRV) 1.363
Luke 20 (ODRV) 1.36
Psalms 14 (AKJV) 1.359
Isaiah 5 (AKJV) 1.346
Psalms 116 (Geneva) 1.34
Matthew 16 (Geneva) 1.339
Psalms 122 (Geneva) 1.337
Isaiah 5 (Douay-Rheims) 1.335
1 Corinthians 6 (AKJV) 1.333
Psalms 51 (AKJV) 1.328
1 Timothy 2 (ODRV) 1.319
Matthew 23 (AKJV) 1.317
Ephesians 1 (Tyndale) 1.309
Philippians 2 (Geneva) 1.307
Psalms 122 (AKJV) 1.3
1 Peter 2 (Geneva) 1.29
1 Corinthians 14 (AKJV) 1.28
Romans 2 (Geneva) 1.262
Romans 12 (AKJV) 1.252
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 1.194
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 1.108
Romans 13 (Geneva) 1.104
Romans 13 (AKJV) 1.068
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.961
Verse Prominence
Psalms 59.17 (Geneva) 8.431
Psalms 59.3 (Geneva) 4.818
Psalms 59.17 (AKJV) 4.817
Psalms 59.3 (AKJV) 3.613
Psalms 90.9 (ODRV) 2.409
2 Samuel 18.3 (AKJV) 2.408
Psalms 55.12 (Geneva) 2.405
Matthew 23.15 (Geneva) 2.405
Matthew 16.6 (ODRV) 2.404
Psalms 59.1 (AKJV) 1.204
1 Samuel 18.17 (Geneva) 1.204
1 Samuel 18.19 (Geneva) 1.204
Acts 9.23 (AKJV) 1.204
Luke 11.14 (ODRV) 1.204
Psalms 71.11 (ODRV) 1.204
Acts 5.29 (Geneva) 1.204
Daniel 9.19 (AKJV) 1.204
Ephesians 1.16 (Tyndale) 1.204
Psalms 60.11 (AKJV) 1.203
Psalms 60.11 (Geneva) 1.203
2 Samuel 16.7 (AKJV) 1.203
Psalms 116.4 (Geneva) 1.203
Luke 18.10 (Geneva) 1.203
Matthew 23.24 (Geneva) 1.203
1 Kings 29.5 (Douay-Rheims) 1.202
1 Corinthians 6.14 (AKJV) 1.202
Isaiah 5.18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.202
Psalms 149.8 (ODRV) 1.202
Psalms 55.13 (AKJV) 1.201
Psalms 25.22 (Geneva) 1.201
John 16.2 (Tyndale) 1.201
Matthew 23.25 (ODRV) 1.201
Philippians 2.6 (Geneva) 1.2
Ezekiel 18.31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.2
Matthew 23.5 (ODRV) 1.199
Isaiah 5.18 (AKJV) 1.199
Luke 18.11 (Tyndale) 1.199
Luke 20.47 (ODRV) 1.199
Psalms 122.3 (AKJV) 1.198
Luke 18.11 (AKJV) 1.198
Matthew 23.4 (ODRV) 1.198
Psalms 106.10 (Vulgate) 1.197
Romans 2.24 (Geneva) 1.196
Psalms 65.7 (AKJV) 1.196
Psalms 122.3 (Geneva) 1.195
Matthew 16.6 (Geneva) 1.195
Luke 20.22 (ODRV) 1.195
Psalms 149.8 (AKJV) 1.194
Matthew 23.23 (AKJV) 1.194
Romans 12.10 (AKJV) 1.193
Psalms 2.3 (ODRV) 1.193
Psalms 51.4 (AKJV) 1.192
1 Timothy 2.3 (ODRV) 1.192
Psalms 105.15 (AKJV) 1.189
1 Peter 2.17 (Geneva) 1.189
Deuteronomy 32.29 (Geneva) 1.189
Galatians 1.5 (Tyndale) 1.182
Matthew 28.18 (ODRV) 1.17
Psalms 14.1 (AKJV) 1.158
Romans 13.5 (Geneva) 1.137
1 Corinthians 14.40 (AKJV) 1.13
Ephesians 4.3 (AKJV) 1.106
Ephesians 4.3 (Geneva) 1.106
Romans 13.2 (AKJV) 1.101
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.917
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
2 Chronicles 7.049
Daniel 6.895
Ezekiel 6.666
2 Samuel 6.63
1 Samuel 6.547
1 Peter 6.266
Luke 5.46
1 Corinthians 5.165
Isaiah 5.152
Romans 4.663
Matthew 4.604
Psalms 4.128
Diversity: 0.966
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
2 Chronicles 18 3.432
Psalms 59 3.425
2 Chronicles 17 3.425
Isaiah 36 3.42
2 Samuel 17 3.403
Ezekiel 9 3.386
Psalms 40 3.384
1 Samuel 13 3.383
Psalms 38 3.381
2 Samuel 16 3.38
Psalms 69 3.374
2 Samuel 3 3.362
2 Samuel 21 3.358
Psalms 12 3.357
Psalms 62 3.356
Psalms 22 3.353
Daniel 9 3.351
2 Samuel 18 3.346
2 Samuel 19 3.336
Psalms 19 3.297
Luke 11 3.294
Matthew 4 3.284
Matthew 12 3.263
Psalms 51 3.238
1 Corinthians 14 3.224
Matthew 13 3.208
Luke 12 3.16
1 Peter 2 2.943
Romans 13 2.692
Diversity: 0.958
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Psalms 59.3 4.165
2 Samuel 19.11 4.165
2 Samuel 18.17 4.164
Luke 11.14 4.164
Matthew 12.16 4.164
2 Samuel 16.21 4.163
Psalms 38.19 4.162
Isaiah 36.20 4.162
Psalms 69.12 4.161
2 Samuel 17.14 4.161
Psalms 40.12 4.159
2 Samuel 17.2 4.159
2 Samuel 16.7 4.159
Luke 12.14 4.158
Luke 12.1 4.157
Matthew 4.9 4.155
1 Samuel 13.14 4.15
Psalms 51.4 4.147
Ezekiel 9.4 4.142
2 Samuel 21.17 4.141
2 Samuel 18.3 4.141
1 Corinthians 14.40 4.13
1 Peter 2.17 4.094
Romans 13.2 4.052
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase