W. E

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 6.4% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 83.8% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 9.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 3.9% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.875
Evenness: 0.96
Part Prominence
New Testament (AKJV) 13.415
New Testament (Wycliffe) 6.045
New Testament (Vulgate) 2.906
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.826
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.189
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.87
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.197
New Testament (ODRV) -2.14
New Testament (Geneva) -2.2
Old Testament (AKJV) -2.508
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.986
Book Prominence
2 Timothy (AKJV) 4.084
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 3.368
2 Thessalonians (AKJV) 2.817
1 Timothy (Tyndale) 2.742
2 Timothy (Geneva) 2.724
Romans (Geneva) 1.687
Luke (Wycliffe) 1.414
2 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 1.399
Zechariah (AKJV) 1.34
2 Timothy (Tyndale) 1.295
2 Timothy (ODRV) 1.264
Romans (Vulgate) 1.259
Leviticus (AKJV) 1.246
Jude (AKJV) 1.238
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 1.203
Colossians (Geneva) 1.138
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.114
James (Geneva) 1.093
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.09
1 John (Geneva) 1.081
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.079
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.054
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.049
Acts (Geneva) 1.029
Colossians (AKJV) 1.029
1 Timothy (Geneva) 1.011
Galatians (ODRV) 0.991
1 John (AKJV) 0.962
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.938
Ephesians (ODRV) 0.916
Acts (ODRV) 0.885
1 Timothy (AKJV) 0.878
Job (Geneva) 0.811
Luke (Tyndale) 0.771
Acts (AKJV) 0.764
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.754
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.732
John (Geneva) 0.715
John (Tyndale) 0.703
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.698
Genesis (AKJV) 0.682
Luke (ODRV) 0.645
Job (AKJV) 0.624
John (ODRV) 0.538
John (AKJV) 0.502
Matthew (Geneva) 0.497
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.48
Psalms (ODRV) 0.439
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.43
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.377
Romans (ODRV) 0.375
Matthew (ODRV) 0.256
Matthew (AKJV) 0.13
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.093
Psalms (Geneva) 0.028
Romans (AKJV) -0.08
Psalms (AKJV) -0.625
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.988
Chapter Prominence
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 3.095
1 Corinthians 10 (Geneva) 3.007
1 Timothy 6 (Tyndale) 2.121
2 Timothy 3 (Geneva) 2.085
2 Thessalonians 2 (AKJV) 2.076
Romans 4 (Geneva) 2.076
Romans 10 (AKJV) 2.051
Galatians 5 (ODRV) 2.041
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 2.026
John 3 (Tyndale) 2.017
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 1.814
Luke 11 (Wycliffe) 1.073
Romans 7 (Vulgate) 1.069
Jeremiah 44 (AKJV) 1.067
Job 24 (AKJV) 1.065
Job 24 (Geneva) 1.065
Leviticus 10 (AKJV) 1.065
Zechariah 7 (AKJV) 1.064
Acts 14 (Geneva) 1.058
Psalms 1 (Geneva) 1.055
Genesis 17 (AKJV) 1.053
John 2 (Tyndale) 1.052
2 Thessalonians 2 (Tyndale) 1.048
Acts 17 (ODRV) 1.047
Acts 5 (Geneva) 1.047
John 10 (Tyndale) 1.044
Colossians 4 (Geneva) 1.043
Matthew 21 (Tyndale) 1.042
1 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 1.036
John 15 (Tyndale) 1.036
John 4 (Tyndale) 1.031
Luke 18 (Tyndale) 1.03
2 Timothy 3 (Tyndale) 1.028
Psalms 113 (ODRV) 1.026
2 Corinthians 4 (Tyndale) 1.024
John 7 (ODRV) 1.023
Galatians 2 (ODRV) 1.023
Galatians 2 (Tyndale) 1.022
James 2 (Geneva) 1.019
Matthew 24 (Tyndale) 1.019
Acts 17 (AKJV) 1.017
Matthew 24 (ODRV) 1.011
1 Corinthians 3 (ODRV) 1.006
1 John 4 (Geneva) 1.005
Romans 10 (Geneva) 1.005
1 Corinthians 1 (ODRV) 1.003
Proverbs 4 (AKJV) 1.003
2 Timothy 3 (ODRV) 1.002
2 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 1.001
Romans 4 (AKJV) 0.999
John 7 (AKJV) 0.998
Psalms 19 (AKJV) 0.998
Matthew 24 (Geneva) 0.993
Luke 18 (ODRV) 0.993
1 Timothy 6 (Geneva) 0.992
Colossians 2 (AKJV) 0.991
John 3 (Geneva) 0.989
Colossians 2 (Geneva) 0.989
Matthew 7 (Geneva) 0.984
2 Peter 2 (AKJV) 0.982
Isaiah 5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.982
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 0.98
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 0.979
1 Peter 1 (ODRV) 0.979
1 Thessalonians 5 (ODRV) 0.973
1 John 4 (AKJV) 0.969
1 Thessalonians 4 (AKJV) 0.964
Romans 12 (Geneva) 0.96
Romans 6 (ODRV) 0.957
Psalms 119 (Geneva) 0.957
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 0.953
Ephesians 2 (Geneva) 0.944
Proverbs 14 (AKJV) 0.943
1 Timothy 6 (AKJV) 0.942
Matthew 18 (AKJV) 0.941
Ephesians 5 (ODRV) 0.936
1 Corinthians 11 (ODRV) 0.934
John 6 (ODRV) 0.927
1 Corinthians 14 (AKJV) 0.926
Jude 1 (AKJV) 0.895
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.983
Verse Prominence
2 Timothy 3.5 (AKJV) 3.559
2 Timothy 3.6 (AKJV) 2.694
2 Thessalonians 2.10 (AKJV) 2.68
1 Corinthians 10.16 (Geneva) 2.593
1 Timothy 6.19 (Tyndale) 1.8
Romans 4.3 (Geneva) 1.799
2 Timothy 3.1 (Geneva) 1.792
2 Timothy 3.6 (ODRV) 1.792
Romans 10.3 (AKJV) 1.791
2 Thessalonians 2.11 (AKJV) 1.788
John 3.20 (Tyndale) 1.787
Colossians 1.12 (AKJV) 1.787
Galatians 5.6 (ODRV) 1.784
1 Corinthians 10.16 (AKJV) 1.69
Galatians 2.4 (Tyndale) 0.9
James 2.21 (Geneva) 0.9
Acts 17.22 (AKJV) 0.9
Job 24.16 (AKJV) 0.9
Colossians 2.20 (Geneva) 0.9
Acts 17.17 (AKJV) 0.9
1 Peter 1.16 (ODRV) 0.9
Job 24.13 (Geneva) 0.9
John 7.49 (ODRV) 0.9
Romans 10.3 (Geneva) 0.9
Isaiah 5.13 (Douay-Rheims) 0.9
Luke 11.28 (Wycliffe) 0.9
Acts 14.10 (Geneva) 0.9
John 4.23 (Tyndale) 0.899
Acts 17.11 (ODRV) 0.899
Psalms 1.2 (Geneva) 0.899
2 Timothy 3.13 (ODRV) 0.899
Jude 1.4 (AKJV) 0.899
Romans 7.12 (Vulgate) 0.899
John 6.3 (ODRV) 0.899
Genesis 17.14 (AKJV) 0.899
Matthew 24.11 (Geneva) 0.899
Matthew 24.23 (Tyndale) 0.899
John 15.14 (Tyndale) 0.899
Matthew 21.31 (Tyndale) 0.899
Zechariah 7.5 (AKJV) 0.898
John 7.51 (AKJV) 0.898
Proverbs 14.15 (AKJV) 0.898
John 3.20 (Geneva) 0.897
2 Timothy 3.4 (Tyndale) 0.897
2 Corinthians 4.2 (Tyndale) 0.897
2 Corinthians 11.13 (AKJV) 0.897
Matthew 7.20 (Geneva) 0.897
Jeremiah 44.16 (AKJV) 0.897
Leviticus 10.10 (AKJV) 0.897
Romans 4.2 (AKJV) 0.897
1 Corinthians 1.29 (ODRV) 0.897
2 Peter 2.1 (AKJV) 0.897
2 Timothy 3.3 (AKJV) 0.896
Acts 5.42 (Geneva) 0.896
Ephesians 5.11 (ODRV) 0.896
2 Thessalonians 2.10 (Tyndale) 0.896
Luke 18.13 (Tyndale) 0.896
Colossians 2.7 (AKJV) 0.896
Matthew 25.35 (AKJV) 0.895
2 Timothy 3.2 (AKJV) 0.895
John 10.1 (Tyndale) 0.895
Colossians 2.20 (AKJV) 0.895
John 2.19 (Tyndale) 0.895
1 Timothy 6.19 (Geneva) 0.895
Colossians 1.10 (Geneva) 0.895
1 Corinthians 3.17 (ODRV) 0.895
2 Timothy 3.4 (AKJV) 0.894
1 Thessalonians 5.21 (ODRV) 0.894
2 Thessalonians 2.11 (Tyndale) 0.894
2 Timothy 3.1 (AKJV) 0.893
Romans 6.3 (ODRV) 0.893
1 Corinthians 11.1 (ODRV) 0.893
Psalms 19.7 (AKJV) 0.893
Colossians 4.2 (Geneva) 0.892
1 Timothy 6.17 (AKJV) 0.892
Acts 17.11 (AKJV) 0.891
1 Corinthians 4.1 (ODRV) 0.889
1 John 4.1 (Geneva) 0.889
Matthew 24.12 (ODRV) 0.889
Psalms 119.105 (Geneva) 0.888
Matthew 18.20 (AKJV) 0.887
Galatians 2.16 (ODRV) 0.886
1 Thessalonians 4.17 (AKJV) 0.882
Proverbs 4.23 (AKJV) 0.882
1 Corinthians 3.17 (AKJV) 0.88
Luke 18.13 (ODRV) 0.879
Psalms 113.9 (ODRV) 0.875
Romans 12.13 (Geneva) 0.874
1 John 4.1 (AKJV) 0.874
1 Timothy 6.19 (AKJV) 0.873
Ephesians 2.8 (Geneva) 0.865
1 Corinthians 14.40 (AKJV) 0.826
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.954
Evenness: 0.991
Book Prominence
2 Thessalonians 7.118
1 John 6.509
Zechariah 3.007
Judges 2.843
Hosea 2.728
2 Chronicles 2.715
2 Peter 2.666
Colossians 2.491
2 Timothy 2.488
James 2.421
Galatians 2.205
1 Timothy 2.119
Jeremiah 1.893
Ephesians 1.852
2 Corinthians 1.788
Proverbs 1.309
Luke 1.127
Acts 1.097
John 1.037
1 Corinthians 0.831
Romans 0.33
Matthew 0.271
Psalms -0.205
Diversity: 0.977
Evenness: 0.996
Chapter Prominence
1 John 4 4.088
2 Thessalonians 2 4.087
2 Chronicles 13 2.105
Judges 2 2.099
Jeremiah 44 2.095
2 Chronicles 29 2.087
Zechariah 7 2.086
Acts 25 2.079
Hosea 5 2.068
Acts 18 2.036
Hosea 4 2.007
Acts 16 1.992
John 20 1.979
Jeremiah 5 1.979
Psalms 19 1.977
Luke 18 1.975
2 Corinthians 11 1.97
Acts 1 1.969
Galatians 2 1.964
Proverbs 14 1.963
Romans 4 1.955
James 2 1.946
Psalms 16 1.945
John 10 1.929
Acts 10 1.928
Matthew 21 1.917
Acts 4 1.914
Matthew 24 1.909
Colossians 2 1.905
Colossians 1 1.905
Matthew 18 1.901
1 Timothy 6 1.899
2 Corinthians 4 1.894
Psalms 2 1.888
Matthew 13 1.887
1 Corinthians 13 1.883
2 Peter 2 1.862
2 Timothy 3 1.858
Acts 17 1.851
Ephesians 2 1.839
John 3 1.827
Matthew 25 1.734
Psalms 119 1.72
Matthew 5 1.64
Romans 8 1.55
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
2 Thessalonians 2.10 3.29
1 John 4.1 3.289
2 Chronicles 13.3 1.666
2 Chronicles 13.4 1.666
2 Chronicles 13.11 1.666
Acts 25.5 1.666
2 Chronicles 13.5 1.665
2 Chronicles 13.10 1.665
2 Chronicles 13.12 1.665
Acts 17.17 1.665
Acts 18.6 1.665
2 Corinthians 4.12 1.665
Hosea 5.11 1.665
Judges 2.14 1.664
Galatians 2.2 1.664
Matthew 13.2 1.664
John 20.26 1.664
Acts 1.12 1.664
Acts 25.16 1.664
James 2.21 1.664
Matthew 24.11 1.664
Acts 1.13 1.663
Acts 17.22 1.663
Psalms 16.4 1.662
John 20.19 1.662
Acts 16.13 1.662
Proverbs 14.15 1.662
Jeremiah 5.4 1.662
Jeremiah 5.5 1.662
Romans 4.2 1.662
John 10.1 1.661
Acts 1.14 1.661
Jeremiah 44.16 1.66
Romans 4.3 1.66
Colossians 2.16 1.659
Colossians 2.17 1.659
Ephesians 2.9 1.657
John 3.20 1.656
Romans 8.14 1.655
2 Corinthians 11.13 1.655
Hosea 4.1 1.654
Colossians 2.18 1.653
Psalms 19.7 1.651
Romans 8.9 1.65
2 Peter 2.14 1.65
2 Corinthians 11.14 1.649
Jeremiah 5.3 1.647
1 Timothy 6.18 1.646
2 Timothy 3.6 1.644
1 Timothy 6.19 1.644
1 Corinthians 13.3 1.644
Luke 18.11 1.643
Matthew 18.20 1.64
Acts 4.12 1.64
Ephesians 2.8 1.635
2 Peter 2.1 1.632
Matthew 25.34 1.626
2 Thessalonians 2.11 1.617
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase