W. I

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 17.1% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 12.2% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 69.1% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 22.3% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 14.1% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.542
Evenness: 0.59
Part Prominence
Old Testament (AKJV) 55.825
Apocrypha (AKJV) -1.764
New Testament (Vulgate) -2.094
New Testament (Tyndale) -2.864
Old Testament (ODRV) -3.174
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -4.811
Old Testament (Geneva) -5.87
New Testament (ODRV) -7.14
New Testament (Geneva) -7.2
New Testament (AKJV) -8.251
Diversity: 0.924
Evenness: 0.877
Book Prominence
Psalms (AKJV) 23.153
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 2.957
Revelation (Tyndale) 2.106
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.813
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.789
Matthew (Tyndale) 1.473
2 Thessalonians (ODRV) 1.171
1 Maccabees (AKJV) 1.161
2 Paralipomenon (Douay-Rheims) 1.081
2 Chronicles (Geneva) 1.081
Romans (Vulgate) 0.986
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 0.93
2 Timothy (Geneva) 0.913
Wisdom (AKJV) 0.908
2 Peter (Geneva) 0.871
Philippians (Geneva) 0.829
Philippians (Tyndale) 0.818
Jeremiah (Geneva) 0.807
1 John (Tyndale) 0.783
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.781
Galatians (Geneva) 0.771
Colossians (AKJV) 0.757
Acts (Geneva) 0.756
2 Timothy (AKJV) 0.734
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.666
James (AKJV) 0.64
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.628
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.541
Philippians (AKJV) 0.535
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.509
Philippians (ODRV) 0.485
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.482
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.459
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.432
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.427
Luke (Geneva) 0.416
Genesis (AKJV) 0.409
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.352
Job (AKJV) 0.351
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.347
Romans (Tyndale) 0.346
Matthew (Geneva) 0.225
Luke (AKJV) 0.185
Psalms (ODRV) 0.166
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.164
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.157
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.104
Romans (ODRV) 0.102
Matthew (ODRV) -0.017
Romans (Geneva) -0.124
Matthew (AKJV) -0.143
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.179
Psalms (Geneva) -0.244
Romans (AKJV) -0.352
Diversity: 0.952
Evenness: 0.907
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 19.482
2 Corinthians 8 (AKJV) 2.898
Romans 5 (Geneva) 2.881
2 Corinthians 8 (Geneva) 1.93
Matthew 22 (Tyndale) 1.879
Revelation 14 (Tyndale) 1.877
Psalms 51 (AKJV) 1.86
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 1.782
2 Chronicles 16 (Geneva) 0.979
2 Paralipomenon 15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.977
1 Maccabees 9 (AKJV) 0.975
Genesis 34 (AKJV) 0.973
2 Paralipomenon 25 (Douay-Rheims) 0.97
Isaiah 54 (Douay-Rheims) 0.969
Romans 13 (Vulgate) 0.968
Isaiah 38 (Geneva) 0.968
2 Thessalonians 3 (ODRV) 0.967
Jeremiah 3 (Geneva) 0.964
Wisdom 4 (AKJV) 0.961
Psalms 36 (ODRV) 0.957
Genesis 22 (AKJV) 0.957
Acts 20 (Geneva) 0.957
Jeremiah 3 (AKJV) 0.955
Job 2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.955
Proverbs 14 (Geneva) 0.951
Hebrews 6 (Geneva) 0.948
1 Thessalonians 2 (ODRV) 0.948
Proverbs 20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.946
Genesis 15 (AKJV) 0.946
Luke 5 (Geneva) 0.944
Psalms 84 (AKJV) 0.938
Psalms 51 (Geneva) 0.937
Romans 5 (Tyndale) 0.936
Job 22 (AKJV) 0.936
2 Corinthians 1 (Geneva) 0.935
1 Corinthians 13 (ODRV) 0.931
Matthew 3 (ODRV) 0.928
1 John 5 (Tyndale) 0.927
Romans 8 (Vulgate) 0.926
2 Peter 2 (Geneva) 0.924
James 5 (AKJV) 0.914
Matthew 26 (AKJV) 0.914
Psalms 37 (Geneva) 0.908
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 0.908
Matthew 11 (Geneva) 0.9
Philippians 1 (Tyndale) 0.898
Romans 1 (ODRV) 0.895
Matthew 16 (Geneva) 0.891
2 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 0.891
Philippians 3 (Geneva) 0.887
2 Corinthians 5 (Tyndale) 0.882
Luke 2 (AKJV) 0.875
2 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 0.869
Psalms 73 (AKJV) 0.865
Isaiah 57 (AKJV) 0.852
Philippians 3 (Tyndale) 0.852
Colossians 3 (AKJV) 0.851
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 0.85
Proverbs 14 (AKJV) 0.848
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 0.839
Philippians 3 (AKJV) 0.833
Hebrews 13 (AKJV) 0.833
Romans 5 (AKJV) 0.832
Hebrews 11 (AKJV) 0.826
Philippians 4 (AKJV) 0.825
Philippians 3 (ODRV) 0.821
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.804
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.789
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 0.773
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 0.757
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 0.746
Romans 8 (AKJV) 0.678
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.66
Romans 13 (Geneva) 0.656
Diversity: 0.964
Evenness: 0.914
Verse Prominence
Psalms 37.37 (AKJV) 15.332
Psalms 37.37 (Geneva) 6.128
Psalms 37.38 (AKJV) 3.072
2 Corinthians 8.12 (AKJV) 2.294
Romans 5.1 (Geneva) 2.294
2 Corinthians 8.12 (Geneva) 1.534
Psalms 51.6 (AKJV) 1.534
Psalms 37.2 (AKJV) 1.531
Matthew 22.37 (Tyndale) 1.508
2 Corinthians 5.1 (ODRV) 1.478
Revelation 14.13 (Tyndale) 1.475
1 Maccabees 9.32 (AKJV) 0.769
2 Paralipomenon 15.17 (Douay-Rheims) 0.769
Matthew 3.3 (ODRV) 0.769
Acts 20.34 (Geneva) 0.769
Psalms 84.9 (AKJV) 0.769
Philippians 3.12 (Tyndale) 0.769
Genesis 34.21 (AKJV) 0.769
Psalms 51.6 (Geneva) 0.768
Psalms 36.29 (ODRV) 0.768
Psalms 37.9 (AKJV) 0.768
Psalms 37.12 (Geneva) 0.768
Psalms 36.12 (ODRV) 0.768
Psalms 37.14 (AKJV) 0.768
Romans 13.10 (Vulgate) 0.768
1 Corinthians 13.10 (ODRV) 0.768
2 Chronicles 16.12 (Geneva) 0.768
Luke 5.16 (Geneva) 0.768
Colossians 3.7 (AKJV) 0.768
Hebrews 6.1 (Geneva) 0.768
Isaiah 38.3 (Geneva) 0.768
Psalms 37.15 (Geneva) 0.767
2 Thessalonians 3.9 (ODRV) 0.767
Psalms 36.6 (ODRV) 0.767
2 Peter 2.12 (Geneva) 0.767
James 5.10 (AKJV) 0.767
Matthew 26.13 (AKJV) 0.767
1 Corinthians 11.1 (AKJV) 0.767
Psalms 37.6 (AKJV) 0.766
Psalms 37.13 (AKJV) 0.766
Philippians 3.17 (AKJV) 0.766
Genesis 22.10 (AKJV) 0.766
Romans 8.16 (Vulgate) 0.766
Psalms 37.32 (Geneva) 0.765
Psalms 37.32 (AKJV) 0.765
Proverbs 20.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.765
Jeremiah 3.15 (Geneva) 0.765
Jeremiah 3.15 (AKJV) 0.765
Romans 13.8 (Geneva) 0.765
Romans 5.1 (Tyndale) 0.765
1 John 5.12 (Tyndale) 0.765
Isaiah 54.13 (Douay-Rheims) 0.765
Ephesians 2.14 (AKJV) 0.764
Job 22.21 (AKJV) 0.764
Psalms 37.16 (AKJV) 0.763
Galatians 6.16 (Geneva) 0.763
Philippians 3.12 (AKJV) 0.763
Philippians 3.15 (ODRV) 0.763
Hebrews 13.7 (AKJV) 0.763
Hebrews 11.26 (AKJV) 0.763
Wisdom 4.7 (AKJV) 0.763
Romans 8.16 (Geneva) 0.762
2 Paralipomenon 25.2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.762
2 Corinthians 5.8 (Tyndale) 0.762
2 Corinthians 1.22 (Geneva) 0.762
Proverbs 14.32 (Geneva) 0.761
Romans 1.20 (ODRV) 0.759
Romans 8.16 (AKJV) 0.758
Romans 5.1 (AKJV) 0.758
Matthew 5.9 (ODRV) 0.758
Luke 2.30 (AKJV) 0.757
Proverbs 14.32 (AKJV) 0.757
Psalms 73.12 (AKJV) 0.756
Hebrews 11.37 (AKJV) 0.756
Matthew 11.29 (Geneva) 0.756
Job 2.4 (Douay-Rheims) 0.754
1 Thessalonians 2.6 (ODRV) 0.754
Genesis 15.15 (AKJV) 0.753
Philippians 3.14 (Geneva) 0.752
Romans 8.9 (AKJV) 0.751
Romans 12.18 (AKJV) 0.75
2 Timothy 4.8 (Geneva) 0.75
Matthew 16.24 (Geneva) 0.748
Philippians 4.7 (AKJV) 0.747
Luke 2.29 (AKJV) 0.743
2 Corinthians 5.1 (Geneva) 0.742
Isaiah 57.2 (AKJV) 0.739
Philippians 1.23 (Tyndale) 0.733
2 Timothy 3.5 (AKJV) 0.725
Ephesians 4.3 (Geneva) 0.671
Ephesians 4.3 (AKJV) 0.671
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.444
Evenness: 0.918
Part Prominence
New Testament 20.2
Old Testament -12.776
Diversity: 0.949
Evenness: 0.977
Book Prominence
Isaiah 7.164
1 Thessalonians 5.682
Philippians 5.072
Genesis 4.322
Hebrews 4.26
2 Chronicles 2.164
2 Timothy 1.936
Galatians 1.653
Revelation 1.481
1 Peter 1.381
Jeremiah 1.341
Exodus 1.337
Ephesians 1.3
2 Corinthians 1.236
Job 1.202
Proverbs 0.757
Luke 0.575
Acts 0.546
John 0.485
1 Corinthians 0.279
Romans -0.222
Matthew -0.281
Psalms -0.757
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.986
Chapter Prominence
Isaiah 57 4.625
Philippians 1 4.6
Genesis 12 3.164
1 Thessalonians 5 3.035
Hebrews 6 3.008
Philippians 3 2.83
Genesis 34 1.579
2 Chronicles 15 1.556
Job 22 1.555
Isaiah 54 1.554
1 Thessalonians 1 1.553
Genesis 15 1.541
2 Corinthians 8 1.538
Job 2 1.529
Psalms 84 1.525
Isaiah 38 1.523
Genesis 22 1.522
Psalms 32 1.516
Jeremiah 3 1.51
Exodus 12 1.492
Isaiah 9 1.479
Revelation 14 1.453
Proverbs 14 1.448
Matthew 3 1.44
Psalms 37 1.432
2 Corinthians 1 1.432
1 Peter 3 1.425
1 Peter 5 1.423
1 Peter 4 1.418
Acts 10 1.413
Philippians 4 1.412
Psalms 51 1.402
Acts 4 1.399
2 Timothy 4 1.395
Acts 20 1.392
Luke 2 1.386
Galatians 6 1.352
Hebrews 10 1.339
Romans 5 1.334
Ephesians 2 1.324
Matthew 10 1.319
John 3 1.312
Romans 12 1.294
Matthew 26 1.277
Hebrews 13 1.276
2 Corinthians 5 1.274
Matthew 11 1.269
Romans 1 1.232
Hebrews 11 1.209
1 Corinthians 11 1.201
Ephesians 4 1.172
Matthew 5 1.125
Romans 8 1.035
Romans 13 0.857
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.988
Verse Prominence
Isaiah 57.2 4.033
Philippians 1.23 3.995
Genesis 12.1 2.691
Philippians 3.12 2.688
1 Thessalonians 5.23 2.687
Hebrews 6.1 2.68
Exodus 12.35 1.35
Exodus 12.36 1.35
Psalms 37.21 1.35
Acts 20.34 1.35
Psalms 84.9 1.35
2 Chronicles 15.17 1.349
Genesis 34.21 1.349
Matthew 3.1 1.348
1 Thessalonians 1.6 1.348
Luke 2.26 1.348
Psalms 32.11 1.347
Genesis 22.10 1.347
Psalms 37.3 1.347
Acts 10.36 1.347
Matthew 3.3 1.346
Matthew 10.38 1.346
Matthew 26.12 1.346
Genesis 15.15 1.346
Isaiah 54.13 1.345
Psalms 51.6 1.344
2 Corinthians 1.22 1.343
Job 22.21 1.343
Philippians 3.17 1.341
Luke 2.25 1.341
Acts 10.2 1.341
Isaiah 38.1 1.34
2 Corinthians 8.12 1.339
1 Peter 3.6 1.337
Jeremiah 3.15 1.336
Matthew 5.9 1.335
Romans 8.9 1.334
Hebrews 10.34 1.332
Hebrews 11.26 1.332
Job 2.4 1.332
Isaiah 38.3 1.332
Philippians 4.7 1.331
Romans 13.8 1.33
Acts 4.32 1.33
Proverbs 14.32 1.33
Galatians 6.16 1.329
John 3.5 1.328
Ephesians 2.10 1.327
Hebrews 13.7 1.326
Philippians 3.14 1.326
John 3.3 1.323
Philippians 3.13 1.323
Luke 2.29 1.322
Ephesians 2.14 1.322
Romans 12.18 1.321
1 Corinthians 11.1 1.319
Psalms 37.37 1.316
Hebrews 11.37 1.315
Romans 1.20 1.312
Ephesians 4.3 1.311
Matthew 11.29 1.303
2 Corinthians 5.1 1.295
Isaiah 9.6 1.291
2 Timothy 4.8 1.289
Romans 5.1 1.282
Revelation 14.13 1.277
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase