Welstead, Robert, 1571 or 2-1651

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 4.8% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 1.6% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 93.2% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 2.4% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 6.014
New Testament (Vulgate) 5.683
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.967
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.908
New Testament (Tyndale) 1.581
New Testament (ODRV) 0.638
New Testament (Geneva) 0.578
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.269
New Testament (AKJV) -0.473
Diversity: 0.971
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
1 Timothy (Vulgate) 2.865
Galatians (Vulgate) 2.823
Mark (ODRV) 2.715
Canticles (AKJV) 2.671
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 2.669
1 Corinthians (Vulgate) 2.664
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 2.609
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 2.606
1 John (Geneva) 2.483
1 Peter (ODRV) 2.482
1 Timothy (Geneva) 2.414
2 Timothy (AKJV) 2.41
1 John (AKJV) 2.364
1 Peter (Geneva) 2.354
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 2.323
Ephesians (ODRV) 2.319
Acts (ODRV) 2.288
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 2.236
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 2.198
Luke (Tyndale) 2.174
Ephesians (Geneva) 2.157
John (Geneva) 2.118
Isaiah (Geneva) 2.107
John (Tyndale) 2.105
Genesis (AKJV) 2.085
Luke (ODRV) 2.047
John (ODRV) 1.941
John (AKJV) 1.904
Matthew (Tyndale) 1.883
Isaiah (AKJV) 1.839
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.832
Proverbs (AKJV) 1.779
Romans (ODRV) 1.778
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 1.694
Diversity: 0.975
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
1 Timothy 1 (Vulgate) 2.495
1 Kings 25 (Douay-Rheims) 2.491
Mark 10 (ODRV) 2.489
Ezekiel 11 (Douay-Rheims) 2.488
Luke 3 (Tyndale) 2.487
Canticles 7 (AKJV) 2.485
Galatians 5 (Vulgate) 2.482
Ecclesiasticus 14 (AKJV) 2.481
Isaiah 43 (Geneva) 2.48
Isaiah 44 (Geneva) 2.473
1 Corinthians 12 (Vulgate) 2.469
2 Corinthians 8 (Geneva) 2.469
Isaiah 43 (AKJV) 2.468
Matthew 21 (Tyndale) 2.467
2 Corinthians 7 (Geneva) 2.464
John 19 (Tyndale) 2.459
John 9 (ODRV) 2.458
Acts 7 (ODRV) 2.452
John 19 (AKJV) 2.452
Luke 12 (ODRV) 2.441
Romans 11 (ODRV) 2.439
Genesis 2 (AKJV) 2.436
1 Timothy 1 (Geneva) 2.429
Proverbs 4 (AKJV) 2.428
Ecclesiastes 3 (AKJV) 2.426
2 Corinthians 6 (Geneva) 2.417
2 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 2.415
John 3 (Geneva) 2.414
1 Peter 1 (ODRV) 2.404
John 3 (ODRV) 2.401
John 1 (ODRV) 2.4
1 Peter 1 (Geneva) 2.4
1 Thessalonians 5 (ODRV) 2.397
1 John 3 (Geneva) 2.396
1 Corinthians 2 (Geneva) 2.393
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 2.369
1 John 3 (AKJV) 2.361
1 Corinthians 11 (ODRV) 2.359
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 2.345
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 2.266
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
2 Corinthians 11.9 (Geneva) 2.438
Isaiah 43.18 (Geneva) 2.438
2 Corinthians 8.10 (Geneva) 2.438
Acts 7.54 (ODRV) 2.437
1 Timothy 1.19 (Vulgate) 2.437
Isaiah 44.3 (Geneva) 2.437
Mark 10.27 (ODRV) 2.437
1 Corinthians 11.14 (ODRV) 2.437
1 Thessalonians 5.19 (ODRV) 2.437
Ecclesiasticus 14.5 (AKJV) 2.437
1 Kings 25.37 (Douay-Rheims) 2.436
Matthew 21.44 (Tyndale) 2.436
Canticles 7.10 (AKJV) 2.436
Ephesians 4.19 (Geneva) 2.435
Romans 11.34 (ODRV) 2.434
2 Timothy 3.13 (AKJV) 2.434
Ecclesiastes 3.9 (AKJV) 2.434
John 19.37 (AKJV) 2.434
Luke 3.8 (Tyndale) 2.434
Isaiah 43.18 (AKJV) 2.434
Galatians 5.17 (Vulgate) 2.433
1 Corinthians 12.14 (Vulgate) 2.433
John 3.15 (ODRV) 2.433
2 Corinthians 7.1 (Geneva) 2.431
Ezekiel 11.19 (Douay-Rheims) 2.431
John 1.16 (ODRV) 2.431
John 19.37 (Tyndale) 2.43
1 John 3.20 (AKJV) 2.43
1 John 3.20 (Geneva) 2.43
1 Peter 1.9 (Geneva) 2.43
Ephesians 4.18 (ODRV) 2.428
Luke 12.19 (ODRV) 2.428
Genesis 2.7 (AKJV) 2.427
1 Peter 1.23 (ODRV) 2.427
John 9.4 (ODRV) 2.426
John 3.6 (Geneva) 2.424
Proverbs 4.14 (AKJV) 2.423
John 3.6 (ODRV) 2.422
1 Timothy 1.19 (Geneva) 2.417
2 Corinthians 6.2 (Geneva) 2.417
1 Corinthians 2.14 (Geneva) 2.411
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.975
Evenness: 0.994
Book Prominence
2 Thessalonians 3.465
Zechariah 3.355
2 Timothy 2.836
Zephaniah 1.837
Jonah 1.686
Joel 1.657
Amos 1.404
Canticles 1.388
Judges 1.017
Titus 0.899
2 Chronicles 0.889
2 Peter 0.84
2 Kings 0.797
Mark 0.774
Daniel 0.736
1 John 0.682
Numbers 0.656
Ezekiel 0.506
2 Samuel 0.471
1 Samuel 0.388
Galatians 0.379
Philippians 0.349
Ecclesiastes 0.348
1 Timothy 0.293
Revelation 0.207
Deuteronomy 0.137
1 Peter 0.107
Jeremiah 0.067
Exodus 0.062
Ephesians 0.026
2 Corinthians -0.038
Job -0.072
Genesis -0.4
Hebrews -0.462
Proverbs -0.517
Luke -0.7
Acts -0.729
John -0.789
1 Corinthians -0.995
Isaiah -1.007
Romans -1.496
Matthew -1.555
Psalms -2.031
Diversity: 0.993
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
Zechariah 7 1.193
Zechariah 12 1.134
Jeremiah 5 1.086
2 Thessalonians 2 1.066
Psalms 73 1.064
2 Timothy 2 0.991
Judges 10 0.599
2 Chronicles 12 0.599
Deuteronomy 2 0.596
2 Kings 8 0.589
Jeremiah 25 0.583
Psalms 20 0.579
Zephaniah 1 0.576
2 Chronicles 32 0.576
Jonah 1 0.574
Job 33 0.573
2 Kings 22 0.572
Mark 3 0.571
Numbers 21 0.57
Exodus 7 0.569
Job 17 0.568
1 Samuel 1 0.566
Amos 5 0.564
Job 20 0.563
Isaiah 48 0.561
Jonah 3 0.56
Revelation 11 0.558
Proverbs 5 0.558
Jeremiah 13 0.558
Zechariah 13 0.557
Isaiah 41 0.556
1 Samuel 16 0.555
2 Samuel 11 0.554
Canticles 5 0.553
2 Kings 9 0.552
Isaiah 29 0.552
Psalms 58 0.551
1 Samuel 14 0.55
Mark 8 0.549
Job 9 0.549
Isaiah 56 0.548
Job 13 0.547
Mark 6 0.546
Ezekiel 36 0.543
Psalms 147 0.541
Proverbs 27 0.54
Isaiah 61 0.539
Isaiah 44 0.538
Psalms 25 0.537
Jeremiah 4 0.534
Psalms 30 0.534
Job 21 0.531
1 Samuel 25 0.53
Genesis 39 0.529
Isaiah 42 0.529
Proverbs 18 0.528
Psalms 12 0.526
Isaiah 66 0.525
Psalms 11 0.523
Psalms 32 0.521
Luke 8 0.52
Daniel 9 0.52
Jeremiah 7 0.518
Jeremiah 17 0.516
Mark 9 0.512
Joel 2 0.509
Psalms 14 0.507
Psalms 77 0.506
Jeremiah 23 0.5
Psalms 116 0.499
2 Chronicles 20 0.497
Proverbs 30 0.496
Jeremiah 31 0.496
Proverbs 1 0.489
Isaiah 63 0.488
2 Corinthians 7 0.487
Hebrews 3 0.487
Psalms 34 0.487
Isaiah 9 0.483
Luke 15 0.482
Acts 12 0.482
Psalms 10 0.482
Mark 16 0.478
Psalms 18 0.476
2 Corinthians 3 0.475
1 John 5 0.474
Ecclesiastes 8 0.472
Proverbs 28 0.471
John 9 0.471
2 Timothy 1 0.47
Luke 21 0.468
Acts 15 0.465
2 Peter 3 0.463
Ephesians 3 0.461
Genesis 2 0.459
Proverbs 23 0.458
John 12 0.455
Matthew 15 0.455
Proverbs 14 0.453
Genesis 4 0.45
1 John 4 0.45
Hebrews 4 0.448
Romans 4 0.445
Matthew 3 0.444
Acts 8 0.439
1 Samuel 2 0.433
Matthew 12 0.432
Matthew 8 0.432
Proverbs 10 0.431
1 Timothy 5 0.429
Galatians 4 0.427
1 Corinthians 7 0.419
Luke 19 0.418
1 Timothy 1 0.417
Acts 5 0.414
Romans 11 0.409
Matthew 19 0.407
Psalms 51 0.407
John 4 0.405
Romans 9 0.405
Isaiah 57 0.404
Romans 7 0.403
John 16 0.402
2 Timothy 4 0.399
Hebrews 6 0.399
Revelation 3 0.398
Psalms 50 0.398
Deuteronomy 32 0.382
2 Corinthians 6 0.379
Titus 3 0.378
Matthew 13 0.377
Galatians 5 0.355
Romans 14 0.354
Hebrews 10 0.343
John 6 0.342
1 John 3 0.341
Luke 16 0.334
Romans 2 0.333
Isaiah 1 0.33
Ephesians 2 0.329
Luke 12 0.329
1 Peter 1 0.326
Romans 6 0.325
1 Corinthians 6 0.324
Ephesians 5 0.319
John 3 0.316
Philippians 2 0.313
Matthew 26 0.282
Matthew 11 0.274
Matthew 7 0.229
Matthew 25 0.223
Philippians 3 0.222
Hebrews 11 0.213
Psalms 119 0.21
Ephesians 4 0.176
Romans 8 0.04
Diversity: 0.995
Evenness: 0.998
Verse Prominence
Zechariah 7.12 0.905
Romans 11.8 0.901
Psalms 73.13 0.897
Jeremiah 5.3 0.889
2 Timothy 2.19 0.886
Hebrews 3.13 0.885
Zechariah 12.10 0.875
2 Thessalonians 2.10 0.866
Jeremiah 25.16 0.454
1 Samuel 25.27 0.454
Mark 8.17 0.454
Acts 5.33 0.454
Luke 8.25 0.454
Isaiah 57.11 0.454
1 Samuel 14.14 0.454
Psalms 20.4 0.454
Psalms 119.83 0.454
Jeremiah 13.22 0.454
Job 20.29 0.454
Mark 8.22 0.454
Mark 3.29 0.453
Psalms 32.7 0.453
Luke 15.31 0.453
John 12.37 0.453
Deuteronomy 2.30 0.453
Jeremiah 23.19 0.453
Psalms 147.3 0.453
Jeremiah 7.19 0.453
Job 13.9 0.453
2 Kings 9.24 0.452
Proverbs 23.34 0.452
Mark 16.14 0.452
Isaiah 48.4 0.452
Revelation 11.18 0.452
2 Peter 3.5 0.452
Exodus 7.22 0.452
Judges 10.16 0.452
Romans 9.7 0.452
Psalms 73.21 0.452
Isaiah 41.21 0.452
Amos 5.15 0.452
1 Corinthians 7.10 0.452
Matthew 3.5 0.452
Zechariah 7.11 0.451
1 Samuel 1.28 0.451
Mark 6.52 0.451
John 4.11 0.451
Isaiah 63.15 0.451
Hebrews 10.11 0.451
Job 33.16 0.451
Psalms 34.18 0.451
1 John 5.18 0.451
Romans 9.8 0.451
2 Chronicles 12.8 0.451
Proverbs 5.22 0.451
Psalms 73.12 0.451
Jonah 3.9 0.451
Ezekiel 36.31 0.451
Canticles 5.4 0.451
Proverbs 14.9 0.451
Luke 15.11 0.45
Romans 11.7 0.45
Matthew 12.44 0.45
Proverbs 30.20 0.45
Proverbs 27.22 0.45
Matthew 26.36 0.45
Romans 11.34 0.45
Joel 2.14 0.45
Acts 8.10 0.45
Psalms 11.2 0.45
Daniel 9.2 0.45
Daniel 9.3 0.45
Acts 12.5 0.45
Proverbs 10.23 0.45
Psalms 32.3 0.449
Psalms 32.4 0.449
Romans 7.15 0.449
Hebrews 3.15 0.449
Psalms 77.1 0.449
Psalms 51.8 0.449
Matthew 15.28 0.449
Jonah 1.5 0.448
John 3.4 0.448
Jeremiah 31.9 0.448
1 Samuel 16.14 0.448
Psalms 73.2 0.448
Psalms 73.3 0.448
1 Corinthians 7.1 0.448
Romans 14.4 0.448
Galatians 4.9 0.448
Jeremiah 17.1 0.447
Matthew 19.8 0.447
Isaiah 1.10 0.447
Psalms 58.4 0.447
Job 20.12 0.447
Isaiah 9.13 0.447
1 Peter 1.22 0.447
Matthew 25.11 0.447
Isaiah 44.3 0.447
Ephesians 3.20 0.447
1 John 4.4 0.447
Revelation 3.1 0.446
Jeremiah 4.22 0.446
Romans 2.29 0.446
2 Kings 8.13 0.446
Isaiah 63.9 0.446
1 John 5.13 0.446
1 Timothy 1.16 0.446
Isaiah 56.10 0.446
John 4.1 0.446
Revelation 3.7 0.445
2 Kings 22.19 0.445
1 Samuel 2.25 0.445
Deuteronomy 32.19 0.445
Proverbs 28.14 0.445
John 3.20 0.444
John 3.6 0.444
Matthew 13.22 0.444
2 Chronicles 32.25 0.444
Psalms 25.9 0.444
John 12.31 0.444
Ephesians 5.11 0.444
Romans 7.9 0.444
Canticles 5.2 0.444
Psalms 10.17 0.444
Romans 4.18 0.444
Ezekiel 36.25 0.443
1 Peter 1.2 0.443
Psalms 30.6 0.443
Romans 9.18 0.443
Mark 9.24 0.443
Titus 3.2 0.442
1 Peter 1.17 0.442
Zephaniah 1.12 0.442
Numbers 21.9 0.442
1 Timothy 5.6 0.441
Romans 7.14 0.441
Psalms 51.10 0.441
Psalms 12.4 0.441
Romans 11.20 0.44
Ephesians 4.19 0.44
Proverbs 1.24 0.44
Jeremiah 31.18 0.44
Zechariah 13.1 0.44
Proverbs 18.14 0.44
Philippians 3.12 0.44
Psalms 116.12 0.439
Deuteronomy 32.15 0.438
Matthew 3.11 0.438
Job 21.14 0.438
Proverbs 28.13 0.438
Matthew 26.41 0.438
Isaiah 63.16 0.438
Job 13.15 0.438
Hebrews 3.12 0.437
Isaiah 1.5 0.437
John 16.8 0.437
2 Timothy 4.3 0.436
Ephesians 4.30 0.435
Revelation 3.17 0.435
Psalms 14.4 0.435
Romans 6.1 0.435
Proverbs 23.26 0.434
Ezekiel 36.26 0.434
John 6.37 0.434
2 Corinthians 3.5 0.434
Jeremiah 17.9 0.433
Titus 3.3 0.433
Hebrews 4.15 0.433
John 3.19 0.433
Hebrews 6.1 0.432
Hebrews 6.4 0.432
Acts 15.9 0.432
2 Timothy 2.25 0.432
2 Timothy 1.12 0.432
John 4.14 0.432
1 John 3.9 0.432
Ephesians 5.25 0.431
Isaiah 66.2 0.431
John 9.4 0.431
Psalms 50.21 0.43
Matthew 8.25 0.43
Matthew 7.7 0.429
Galatians 5.17 0.429
Proverbs 23.5 0.428
1 Timothy 1.19 0.428
Luke 19.42 0.428
Galatians 4.4 0.427
Philippians 3.13 0.426
Ephesians 4.18 0.426
Luke 12.19 0.426
Isaiah 61.1 0.425
Romans 9.11 0.425
2 Corinthians 6.2 0.425
Philippians 2.13 0.424
Ecclesiastes 8.11 0.422
Luke 21.34 0.422
Ephesians 2.2 0.421
Isaiah 57.15 0.421
Romans 8.26 0.421
Philippians 2.12 0.42
Hebrews 11.1 0.42
Romans 2.5 0.417
2 Corinthians 7.1 0.416
1 Corinthians 6.9 0.415
Ephesians 2.1 0.415
Romans 2.4 0.408
Psalms 18.1 0.406
Genesis 39.9 0.401
1 Corinthians 6.10 0.397
Isaiah 63.17 0.395
Matthew 11.28 0.384
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase