Whitfield, John, 1630 or 31-1705

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 7.0% 2.5%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.9% 1.6%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 90.3% 97.5%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.2% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 1.4% 0.8%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 4.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% 0.9%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% 0.9%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.7% 2.5%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.9
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Vulgate) 9.397
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 5.847
Old Testament (ODRV) 3.493
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 1.855
Old Testament (Geneva) 0.797
New Testament (Tyndale) 0.47
New Testament (ODRV) -0.473
New Testament (Geneva) -0.533
Old Testament (AKJV) -0.842
New Testament (AKJV) -1.585
Diversity: 0.973
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
Romans (Tyndale) 3.959
Psalms (AKJV) 2.715
Wisdom (Vulgate) 2.407
Jude (Tyndale) 2.353
Jude (Geneva) 2.336
Jude (ODRV) 2.327
1 Maccabees (Douay-Rheims) 2.323
Numbers (Douay-Rheims) 2.22
2 Thessalonians (AKJV) 2.179
James (Tyndale) 2.171
Jude (AKJV) 2.139
Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) 2.017
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 2.007
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.99
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.98
Exodus (Geneva) 1.973
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.779
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.734
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.674
Acts (AKJV) 1.665
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.605
John (Tyndale) 1.603
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.601
Genesis (AKJV) 1.583
Luke (ODRV) 1.545
Job (AKJV) 1.525
Ephesians (AKJV) 1.525
Hebrews (AKJV) 1.52
John (ODRV) 1.438
John (AKJV) 1.402
Matthew (Geneva) 1.398
Matthew (Tyndale) 1.381
Psalms (ODRV) 1.339
Isaiah (AKJV) 1.337
Proverbs (AKJV) 1.277
Romans (ODRV) 1.276
Matthew (ODRV) 1.156
Romans (Geneva) 1.049
Romans (AKJV) 0.821
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 82 (AKJV) 3.794
Romans 13 (Tyndale) 3.749
Romans 13 (Geneva) 3.597
Wisdom 6 (Vulgate) 1.959
Numbers 27 (Douay-Rheims) 1.956
Psalms 87 (ODRV) 1.956
Psalms 32 (ODRV) 1.948
1 Maccabees 3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.942
Exodus 22 (Geneva) 1.937
James 3 (Tyndale) 1.93
Luke 13 (ODRV) 1.93
Proverbs 20 (Geneva) 1.928
Isaiah 40 (Geneva) 1.923
Jude 1 (Tyndale) 1.922
Isaiah 28 (AKJV) 1.922
Deuteronomy 32 (Douay-Rheims) 1.921
John 7 (Tyndale) 1.918
Ecclesiastes 10 (Douay-Rheims) 1.917
Acts 13 (AKJV) 1.916
Proverbs 19 (AKJV) 1.913
Job 34 (AKJV) 1.913
Matthew 22 (Geneva) 1.912
Jude 1 (Geneva) 1.908
John 19 (ODRV) 1.903
Isaiah 40 (AKJV) 1.9
Jude 1 (ODRV) 1.894
Psalms 14 (AKJV) 1.892
Genesis 49 (AKJV) 1.89
2 Thessalonians 2 (AKJV) 1.887
Proverbs 20 (AKJV) 1.887
1 Timothy 1 (AKJV) 1.883
Matthew 22 (Tyndale) 1.879
Matthew 10 (ODRV) 1.879
Ecclesiastes 8 (AKJV) 1.873
John 3 (AKJV) 1.872
Romans 3 (Tyndale) 1.869
2 Peter 2 (AKJV) 1.867
Romans 3 (ODRV) 1.843
1 Peter 2 (ODRV) 1.838
Romans 3 (AKJV) 1.838
1 Timothy 6 (AKJV) 1.827
Romans 13 (ODRV) 1.813
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 1.807
Hebrews 10 (AKJV) 1.803
Romans 2 (Geneva) 1.794
Jude 1 (AKJV) 1.78
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 1.641
Romans 13 (AKJV) 1.6
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Romans 13.2 (Tyndale) 3.377
Romans 13.5 (Geneva) 3.322
Psalms 82.6 (AKJV) 3.304
Numbers 27.9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.694
Psalms 32.8 (ODRV) 1.694
Jude 1.8 (ODRV) 1.694
Matthew 22.19 (Geneva) 1.694
John 7.15 (Tyndale) 1.694
Wisdom 6.26 (Vulgate) 1.694
2 Peter 2.12 (AKJV) 1.694
Jude 1.10 (Tyndale) 1.694
Deuteronomy 32.33 (Douay-Rheims) 1.694
James 3.8 (Tyndale) 1.693
Psalms 87.7 (ODRV) 1.693
Romans 2.8 (Geneva) 1.693
Acts 13.41 (AKJV) 1.693
1 Timothy 6.15 (AKJV) 1.693
Proverbs 20.2 (Geneva) 1.692
2 Peter 2.11 (AKJV) 1.692
Luke 13.3 (ODRV) 1.692
Proverbs 19.15 (AKJV) 1.691
Hebrews 10.28 (AKJV) 1.691
Jude 1.7 (Tyndale) 1.691
Isaiah 40.5 (Geneva) 1.691
Matthew 10.25 (ODRV) 1.691
Isaiah 28.15 (AKJV) 1.691
Romans 13.6 (Geneva) 1.69
Isaiah 40.5 (AKJV) 1.69
Jude 1.11 (ODRV) 1.689
Jude 1.6 (Tyndale) 1.689
Proverbs 20.2 (AKJV) 1.689
Jude 1.10 (AKJV) 1.688
Jude 1.10 (Geneva) 1.688
John 19.2 (ODRV) 1.688
1 Maccabees 3.60 (Douay-Rheims) 1.686
John 3.19 (AKJV) 1.685
Ecclesiastes 8.2 (AKJV) 1.684
Genesis 49.10 (AKJV) 1.683
Exodus 22.28 (Geneva) 1.683
Romans 3.18 (ODRV) 1.683
Romans 3.18 (AKJV) 1.683
Romans 3.18 (Tyndale) 1.683
Job 34.18 (AKJV) 1.682
Romans 13.7 (ODRV) 1.681
Romans 13.6 (AKJV) 1.677
Ecclesiastes 10.20 (Douay-Rheims) 1.676
Ephesians 4.19 (AKJV) 1.673
Ecclesiastes 8.4 (AKJV) 1.672
1 Timothy 1.17 (AKJV) 1.671
2 Thessalonians 2.4 (AKJV) 1.67
Matthew 22.21 (Tyndale) 1.67
1 Peter 2.13 (ODRV) 1.669
Romans 13.7 (AKJV) 1.658
Psalms 14.1 (AKJV) 1.648
1 Peter 5.11 (AKJV) 1.614
Romans 13.1 (AKJV) 1.567
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 3.891
New Testament 3.534
Diversity: 0.972
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
2 Peter 3.795
Ecclesiastes 3.302
Haggai 2.246
Habakkuk 1.948
Amos 1.795
2 Thessalonians 1.682
Malachi 1.615
Zechariah 1.571
1 Thessalonians 1.349
Titus 1.289
2 Chronicles 1.279
2 Kings 1.188
Mark 1.164
Daniel 1.126
2 Timothy 1.052
Numbers 1.046
1 Kings 1.03
2 Samuel 0.861
1 Samuel 0.778
1 Timothy 0.683
Deuteronomy 0.528
1 Peter 0.497
Jeremiah 0.457
Exodus 0.453
2 Corinthians 0.352
Job 0.318
Genesis -0.01
Hebrews -0.072
Proverbs -0.127
Luke -0.309
Acts -0.338
John -0.399
1 Corinthians -0.605
Isaiah -0.617
Romans -1.106
Matthew -1.165
Psalms -1.641
Diversity: 0.99
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
Ecclesiastes 8 1.724
2 Peter 2 1.603
2 Chronicles 8 0.931
2 Chronicles 3 0.927
2 Chronicles 4 0.925
2 Chronicles 2 0.921
2 Chronicles 5 0.921
Amos 1 0.921
1 Kings 7 0.918
1 Kings 5 0.917
2 Chronicles 23 0.916
2 Chronicles 1 0.915
2 Chronicles 9 0.907
1 Kings 6 0.906
1 Kings 9 0.906
2 Chronicles 6 0.905
2 Kings 11 0.905
2 Chronicles 7 0.904
Job 16 0.9
1 Kings 4 0.896
Zechariah 1 0.896
2 Samuel 5 0.894
Zechariah 2 0.89
2 Samuel 20 0.887
Mark 4 0.885
Haggai 2 0.883
Exodus 16 0.883
Mark 12 0.88
Job 34 0.879
Habakkuk 1 0.874
Ecclesiastes 4 0.871
Isaiah 29 0.87
1 Kings 3 0.87
Acts 28 0.869
2 Samuel 16 0.866
Acts 21 0.862
2 Samuel 1 0.858
Job 7 0.858
Psalms 31 0.856
Psalms 17 0.854
Psalms 105 0.852
Malachi 2 0.851
Psalms 5 0.846
Job 8 0.846
1 Kings 8 0.845
Jeremiah 22 0.842
Proverbs 29 0.839
Jeremiah 2 0.839
Genesis 9 0.838
Luke 8 0.837
Daniel 6 0.83
Deuteronomy 17 0.83
Isaiah 45 0.825
Psalms 14 0.824
2 Samuel 19 0.822
1 Samuel 15 0.817
Genesis 17 0.816
Matthew 17 0.81
Isaiah 40 0.81
Isaiah 6 0.81
Exodus 22 0.806
Isaiah 49 0.795
Isaiah 28 0.791
Numbers 16 0.78
2 Corinthians 11 0.777
Matthew 27 0.777
John 12 0.772
Proverbs 24 0.769
Psalms 82 0.767
2 Thessalonians 2 0.766
Proverbs 16 0.764
Genesis 49 0.755
1 Samuel 2 0.751
Ecclesiastes 10 0.747
1 Peter 5 0.745
John 11 0.737
1 Timothy 1 0.734
Acts 13 0.732
Acts 5 0.731
Romans 11 0.727
Proverbs 8 0.723
1 Timothy 4 0.712
1 Thessalonians 4 0.709
Romans 3 0.701
Deuteronomy 32 0.699
Matthew 22 0.696
Titus 3 0.695
Matthew 13 0.694
1 Corinthians 13 0.69
Luke 10 0.686
1 Timothy 2 0.675
Matthew 23 0.667
2 Timothy 3 0.665
Genesis 3 0.664
Hebrews 10 0.66
Romans 2 0.65
Luke 12 0.647
1 Peter 1 0.644
Matthew 10 0.64
John 3 0.634
Romans 12 0.615
Romans 1 0.554
1 Corinthians 11 0.523
1 Peter 2 0.429
Romans 13 0.179
Diversity: 0.994
Evenness: 0.996
Verse Prominence
1 Peter 2.13 1.588
Proverbs 16.22 1.162
Proverbs 16.14 1.157
2 Peter 2.12 1.148
Ecclesiastes 8.4 1.142
2 Peter 2.10 1.12
Ecclesiastes 8.2 1.108
Romans 13.4 1.047
Daniel 6.15 0.581
2 Samuel 5.10 0.581
2 Samuel 5.11 0.581
1 Kings 9.10 0.581
Proverbs 16.24 0.581
Proverbs 16.21 0.581
Proverbs 16.30 0.581
Genesis 9.24 0.581
Mark 12.16 0.581
Luke 12.25 0.581
Acts 13.40 0.581
Exodus 16.7 0.581
2 Samuel 16.13 0.581
Amos 1.5 0.581
Amos 1.8 0.581
Psalms 105.22 0.58
John 11.10 0.58
Genesis 17.3 0.58
1 Samuel 15.25 0.58
Proverbs 16.15 0.58
Proverbs 16.19 0.58
Proverbs 16.29 0.58
Zechariah 1.10 0.58
Zechariah 1.11 0.58
Matthew 22.19 0.58
Psalms 17.8 0.58
Habakkuk 1.5 0.58
Numbers 16.21 0.58
Mark 4.12 0.58
John 12.41 0.58
Acts 28.25 0.58
Acts 28.27 0.58
2 Samuel 19.18 0.58
Isaiah 29.10 0.579
1 Samuel 15.24 0.579
Proverbs 16.20 0.579
Proverbs 16.11 0.579
Matthew 10.27 0.579
Matthew 22.20 0.579
Luke 12.24 0.579
Psalms 31.20 0.579
Luke 8.10 0.579
Acts 28.26 0.579
2 Samuel 19.20 0.579
2 Chronicles 23.11 0.579
Numbers 16.9 0.578
2 Samuel 16.22 0.578
Deuteronomy 32.10 0.578
Haggai 2.23 0.578
Jeremiah 22.24 0.578
Numbers 16.29 0.578
Jeremiah 2.12 0.578
Ecclesiastes 8.3 0.577
Ecclesiastes 4.12 0.577
Genesis 17.2 0.577
Daniel 6.8 0.577
Proverbs 16.2 0.577
Acts 21.5 0.577
Proverbs 29.4 0.577
1 Peter 1.25 0.577
Exodus 16.8 0.577
2 Samuel 1.10 0.577
Romans 3.14 0.577
Matthew 23.33 0.576
Genesis 3.1 0.576
Genesis 17.6 0.576
Matthew 17.24 0.576
Acts 13.41 0.576
Acts 13.8 0.576
Deuteronomy 17.13 0.576
Matthew 13.13 0.576
John 12.40 0.576
1 Thessalonians 4.8 0.576
2 Samuel 16.5 0.576
Proverbs 16.8 0.575
Matthew 13.14 0.575
Jeremiah 2.11 0.575
Romans 3.13 0.575
Matthew 22.29 0.574
Proverbs 16.12 0.574
2 Peter 2.11 0.574
Psalms 14.2 0.574
Psalms 5.9 0.574
Matthew 27.29 0.574
1 Timothy 1.6 0.574
Romans 11.8 0.573
2 Samuel 16.7 0.573
1 Timothy 2.3 0.572
Proverbs 16.31 0.572
Genesis 9.25 0.572
1 Timothy 1.16 0.572
1 Timothy 4.3 0.571
2 Corinthians 11.3 0.571
John 3.20 0.571
Proverbs 16.10 0.571
Proverbs 24.22 0.57
Isaiah 6.9 0.57
1 Timothy 1.17 0.57
Titus 3.2 0.569
Mark 12.17 0.569
Hebrews 10.28 0.569
Matthew 10.25 0.569
Romans 2.8 0.568
Zechariah 2.8 0.568
Genesis 17.7 0.567
1 Timothy 4.2 0.566
2 Thessalonians 2.12 0.566
Isaiah 28.15 0.566
2 Samuel 20.1 0.566
1 Corinthians 11.29 0.565
Acts 5.39 0.565
2 Thessalonians 2.4 0.564
2 Peter 2.4 0.564
Proverbs 8.16 0.564
Job 34.18 0.564
Isaiah 45.1 0.564
1 Corinthians 13.1 0.564
2 Timothy 3.1 0.563
Romans 2.9 0.562
Hebrews 10.29 0.562
Romans 13.6 0.561
1 Peter 2.12 0.56
John 3.19 0.56
Proverbs 16.4 0.56
Genesis 49.10 0.559
2 Timothy 3.2 0.558
Psalms 105.15 0.558
Luke 10.16 0.558
Romans 1.18 0.558
Isaiah 40.6 0.554
Malachi 2.7 0.552
1 Timothy 1.15 0.551
Genesis 17.1 0.549
Psalms 14.1 0.548
Isaiah 49.23 0.541
1 Peter 5.8 0.538
2 Thessalonians 2.11 0.532
Romans 13.3 0.526
1 Peter 2.14 0.526
Romans 13.7 0.525
Exodus 22.28 0.524
Ecclesiastes 10.20 0.521
Romans 13.5 0.52
Romans 12.1 0.516
1 Peter 2.17 0.509
1 Timothy 2.1 0.505
Titus 3.1 0.499
1 Samuel 2.30 0.497
Proverbs 24.21 0.493
2 Kings 11.12 0.493
1 Timothy 2.2 0.488
Psalms 82.6 0.474
Proverbs 8.15 0.47
Romans 13.2 0.467
Romans 13.1 0.272
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase