Oxford Eng

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 9.5% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 4.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 84.4% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.6% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.6% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 14.9% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.8% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.1% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.899
Evenness: 0.981
Part Prominence
New Testament (Tyndale) 6.88
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 3.779
New Testament (AKJV) 2.953
Apocrypha (AKJV) 2.55
New Testament (Vulgate) 1.298
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.268
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.642
Old Testament (Geneva) 0.108
New Testament (ODRV) -2.177
New Testament (Geneva) -2.723
Old Testament (AKJV) -3.736
Diversity: 0.967
Evenness: 0.942
Book Prominence
Philippians (ODRV) 13.178
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 3.135
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 3.131
2 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 2.091
Luke (AKJV) 1.645
Acts (AKJV) 1.557
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.528
Matthew (AKJV) 1.313
John (ODRV) 1.273
Philemon (Tyndale) 1.114
Amos (Douay-Rheims) 1.088
Philippians (Vulgate) 1.026
Canticles (Geneva) 0.962
2 Timothy (Tyndale) 0.959
Lamentations (Geneva) 0.947
Lamentations (AKJV) 0.946
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 0.926
Romans (Vulgate) 0.906
Mark (Tyndale) 0.868
Daniel (AKJV) 0.852
2 Esdras (AKJV) 0.849
James (Geneva) 0.836
1 Samuel (AKJV) 0.823
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 0.808
Numbers (Geneva) 0.805
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 0.798
Acts (Geneva) 0.642
Philippians (Geneva) 0.62
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 0.615
Exodus (AKJV) 0.606
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.587
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.585
Galatians (ODRV) 0.57
Acts (Tyndale) 0.565
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.552
Galatians (Geneva) 0.542
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.532
Luke (Geneva) 0.53
Galatians (AKJV) 0.514
Philippians (AKJV) 0.511
Revelation (ODRV) 0.502
Romans (AKJV) 0.479
Acts (ODRV) 0.472
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.463
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.452
1 John (AKJV) 0.398
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.38
Luke (ODRV) 0.27
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.249
John (Tyndale) 0.235
John (AKJV) 0.197
Matthew (Geneva) 0.12
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.118
Romans (Tyndale) 0.103
Psalms (ODRV) 0.045
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.044
Romans (Geneva) -0.033
Romans (ODRV) -0.084
1 Corinthians (ODRV) -0.126
Psalms (Geneva) -0.19
Matthew (Tyndale) -0.242
Matthew (ODRV) -0.254
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.868
Psalms (AKJV) -1.111
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.959
Chapter Prominence
Philippians 1 (ODRV) 9.994
1 Thessalonians 5 (Geneva) 2.467
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 2.397
Acts 21 (AKJV) 1.664
Luke 22 (AKJV) 1.639
2 Thessalonians 1 (Tyndale) 1.619
Romans 1 (AKJV) 1.617
1 Peter 4 (AKJV) 1.612
John 8 (ODRV) 1.589
Matthew 10 (AKJV) 1.578
Romans 10 (AKJV) 1.578
1 Peter 2 (AKJV) 1.512
Acts 22 (AKJV) 0.835
Ezekiel 21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.835
1 Kings 22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.835
Acts 21 (Geneva) 0.834
Ecclesiasticus 29 (Douay-Rheims) 0.834
Psalms 134 (ODRV) 0.834
Amos 8 (Douay-Rheims) 0.834
Acts 26 (Tyndale) 0.834
Lamentations 1 (Geneva) 0.833
Proverbs 20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.83
1 Samuel 22 (AKJV) 0.83
Psalms 86 (ODRV) 0.83
Acts 25 (Tyndale) 0.828
2 Esdras 2 (AKJV) 0.828
Romans 4 (Vulgate) 0.828
Philemon 1 (Tyndale) 0.826
1 Thessalonians 2 (ODRV) 0.823
Numbers 20 (Geneva) 0.822
Acts 8 (Tyndale) 0.82
Lamentations 1 (AKJV) 0.82
1 Corinthians 9 (ODRV) 0.819
Exodus 10 (AKJV) 0.817
Philippians 1 (Vulgate) 0.813
Canticles 8 (Geneva) 0.813
Acts 12 (ODRV) 0.811
1 Corinthians 9 (Tyndale) 0.81
1 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 0.809
John 13 (Tyndale) 0.807
Psalms 77 (Geneva) 0.807
1 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 0.806
Acts 16 (AKJV) 0.806
2 Timothy 1 (Tyndale) 0.804
Proverbs 23 (AKJV) 0.804
Daniel 3 (AKJV) 0.804
Revelation 1 (ODRV) 0.804
Matthew 24 (ODRV) 0.8
1 Corinthians 4 (Tyndale) 0.8
Acts 19 (ODRV) 0.799
Isaiah 30 (AKJV) 0.799
Galatians 1 (ODRV) 0.796
Revelation 2 (ODRV) 0.789
Psalms 116 (Geneva) 0.789
2 Corinthians 6 (Geneva) 0.788
Matthew 13 (ODRV) 0.784
Luke 21 (Geneva) 0.781
Galatians 4 (Geneva) 0.779
Hebrews 11 (ODRV) 0.778
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 0.778
James 4 (Geneva) 0.778
2 Corinthians 1 (ODRV) 0.773
Matthew 7 (ODRV) 0.771
Matthew 10 (Tyndale) 0.769
2 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 0.768
John 16 (Tyndale) 0.765
Philippians 1 (AKJV) 0.763
Luke 22 (ODRV) 0.763
Galatians 4 (AKJV) 0.762
John 10 (AKJV) 0.762
Hebrews 5 (Geneva) 0.759
Mark 16 (Tyndale) 0.754
1 Corinthians 13 (AKJV) 0.752
Romans 10 (Tyndale) 0.751
Hebrews 10 (Geneva) 0.745
Acts 8 (AKJV) 0.744
Romans 6 (ODRV) 0.743
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 0.741
Matthew 16 (ODRV) 0.739
John 15 (AKJV) 0.732
Romans 14 (ODRV) 0.729
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 0.727
Matthew 16 (Geneva) 0.724
1 Corinthians 3 (Tyndale) 0.72
Hebrews 10 (AKJV) 0.717
Romans 6 (Geneva) 0.715
Matthew 16 (Tyndale) 0.697
John 15 (ODRV) 0.695
John 3 (Tyndale) 0.695
Matthew 5 (AKJV) 0.688
Philippians 2 (Geneva) 0.67
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.668
1 John 4 (AKJV) 0.655
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 0.631
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.962
Verse Prominence
Philippians 1.29 (ODRV) 9.394
1 Thessalonians 5.25 (Geneva) 2.348
1 Thessalonians 5.25 (AKJV) 2.348
Luke 22.33 (AKJV) 1.567
Matthew 10.39 (AKJV) 1.566
Acts 21.13 (AKJV) 1.566
Romans 10.17 (AKJV) 1.566
1 Peter 2.20 (AKJV) 1.565
1 Peter 4.13 (AKJV) 1.564
Romans 1.1 (AKJV) 1.554
John 8.12 (ODRV) 1.549
2 Thessalonians 1.12 (Tyndale) 1.52
Revelation 2.8 (ODRV) 0.783
Numbers 20.29 (Geneva) 0.783
Galatians 4.16 (AKJV) 0.783
Galatians 4.16 (Geneva) 0.783
Acts 21.13 (Geneva) 0.783
1 Corinthians 4.13 (AKJV) 0.783
1 Corinthians 9.16 (Tyndale) 0.783
Acts 25.1 (Tyndale) 0.783
Acts 22.20 (AKJV) 0.783
2 Timothy 1.11 (Tyndale) 0.783
1 Corinthians 9.2 (ODRV) 0.783
Acts 8.3 (AKJV) 0.783
Matthew 24.25 (ODRV) 0.783
Luke 22.31 (AKJV) 0.783
Proverbs 20.2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.783
Ezekiel 21.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.783
Exodus 10.28 (AKJV) 0.783
1 Samuel 22.17 (AKJV) 0.783
1 Kings 22.21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.783
Hebrews 11.36 (ODRV) 0.783
1 Thessalonians 2.8 (ODRV) 0.783
Psalms 134.20 (ODRV) 0.783
Daniel 3.23 (AKJV) 0.783
John 13.37 (Tyndale) 0.783
Philemon 1.9 (Tyndale) 0.783
Philippians 1.21 (Vulgate) 0.783
John 15.13 (ODRV) 0.783
Hebrews 10.36 (AKJV) 0.783
Acts 8.2 (AKJV) 0.783
Acts 8.2 (Tyndale) 0.783
Isaiah 30.20 (AKJV) 0.783
Amos 8.11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.783
Matthew 13.3 (ODRV) 0.783
Matthew 7.6 (ODRV) 0.783
Lamentations 1.6 (AKJV) 0.783
Lamentations 1.6 (Geneva) 0.783
Canticles 8.8 (Geneva) 0.783
Psalms 119.50 (AKJV) 0.783
Acts 26.29 (Tyndale) 0.783
Philippians 1.12 (AKJV) 0.783
Galatians 6.17 (Geneva) 0.783
Philippians 1.14 (AKJV) 0.783
1 Corinthians 4.9 (ODRV) 0.783
Revelation 1.9 (ODRV) 0.783
John 10.11 (AKJV) 0.783
Philippians 1.21 (AKJV) 0.782
Luke 22.33 (ODRV) 0.782
Ecclesiasticus 29.17 (Douay-Rheims) 0.782
2 Corinthians 6.5 (Geneva) 0.782
Acts 12.5 (ODRV) 0.782
John 16.2 (Tyndale) 0.782
Acts 16.25 (AKJV) 0.782
Matthew 16.24 (Geneva) 0.782
Hebrews 5.4 (Geneva) 0.782
John 3.3 (Tyndale) 0.781
Acts 19.21 (ODRV) 0.78
Hebrews 10.35 (AKJV) 0.78
Psalms 86.3 (ODRV) 0.78
Romans 6.7 (AKJV) 0.78
Romans 6.7 (Geneva) 0.78
Matthew 16.24 (Tyndale) 0.78
Matthew 16.26 (ODRV) 0.779
James 4.9 (Geneva) 0.779
Romans 6.2 (ODRV) 0.778
Galatians 1.19 (ODRV) 0.778
Matthew 10.16 (Tyndale) 0.778
John 15.13 (AKJV) 0.778
2 Corinthians 1.3 (ODRV) 0.778
Romans 4.25 (Vulgate) 0.778
2 Corinthians 1.5 (ODRV) 0.778
1 Corinthians 13.3 (AKJV) 0.777
2 Esdras 2.35 (AKJV) 0.777
Proverbs 23.23 (AKJV) 0.775
2 Corinthians 5.14 (Geneva) 0.775
Matthew 5.12 (AKJV) 0.774
1 Corinthians 3.1 (Tyndale) 0.773
1 Corinthians 4.15 (Tyndale) 0.773
2 Corinthians 4.3 (AKJV) 0.772
Hebrews 10.31 (Geneva) 0.771
Hebrews 10.31 (AKJV) 0.771
Psalms 116.15 (Geneva) 0.769
Philippians 1.29 (AKJV) 0.766
Matthew 5.5 (ODRV) 0.765
Luke 21.19 (Geneva) 0.764
Romans 10.17 (Tyndale) 0.763
Psalms 77.20 (Geneva) 0.762
Philippians 2.8 (Geneva) 0.757
Romans 14.12 (ODRV) 0.749
1 John 4.5 (AKJV) 0.745
Mark 16.16 (Tyndale) 0.731
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 6.817
New Testament 1.945
Diversity: 0.966
Evenness: 0.987
Book Prominence
2 Thessalonians 4.255
2 Kings 3.977
1 Peter 3.261
Philippians 3.156
Ezekiel 3.128
2 Corinthians 2.848
Philemon 2.504
Amos 1.856
Lamentations 1.845
Apocalypse 1.724
2 Samuel 1.378
Hosea 1.336
1 Kings 1.176
Daniel 0.978
Deuteronomy 0.906
1 Samuel 0.897
2 Timothy 0.751
Ephesians 0.519
Job 0.468
Galatians 0.442
Proverbs 0.426
Mark 0.298
Jeremiah 0.225
Isaiah 0.029
1 Corinthians -0.073
Exodus -0.082
Hebrews -0.179
Luke -0.466
Acts -0.685
Romans -0.872
John -1.037
Matthew -1.499
Psalms -2.179
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.989
Chapter Prominence
Hebrews 12 2.789
Lamentations 2 2.153
2 Thessalonians 3 2.134
2 Kings 2 2.116
2 Corinthians 4 2.054
Acts 5 2.052
Ezekiel 3 2.046
Acts 20 2.003
Philippians 1 1.963
Matthew 5 1.842
1 Peter 2 1.836
Philemon 1 1.083
Deuteronomy 34 1.07
Amos 8 1.068
Psalms 87 1.067
Apocalypse 1 1.063
Hosea 3 1.06
1 Samuel 22 1.057
1 Samuel 25 1.055
Job 33 1.049
Mark 13 1.045
Apocalypse 2 1.045
Apocalypse 13 1.045
Psalms 56 1.045
Exodus 10 1.043
Psalms 80 1.042
Mark 5 1.039
Lamentations 1 1.038
2 Samuel 15 1.029
Psalms 58 1.027
Luke 21 1.025
Acts 21 1.016
Acts 12 1.014
Isaiah 30 1.011
1 Kings 22 1.001
Jeremiah 15 0.998
Ezekiel 21 0.996
1 Corinthians 4 0.992
Proverbs 23 0.991
Romans 4 0.987
Acts 26 0.981
Psalms 116 0.977
Isaiah 58 0.976
1 Corinthians 13 0.974
Galatians 6 0.968
Hebrews 5 0.961
Luke 8 0.952
Psalms 77 0.946
Romans 9 0.943
Ephesians 3 0.934
Matthew 14 0.933
Ephesians 6 0.931
John 15 0.928
Isaiah 10 0.928
Psalms 73 0.923
John 11 0.922
Daniel 3 0.912
John 8 0.901
Galatians 4 0.895
John 10 0.888
Jeremiah 1 0.882
Matthew 12 0.88
2 Corinthians 1 0.874
Acts 8 0.873
Romans 1 0.859
Psalms 119 0.847
John 16 0.823
Acts 4 0.817
Luke 12 0.809
1 Corinthians 14 0.801
2 Timothy 4 0.789
Hebrews 10 0.733
Hebrews 11 0.722
Matthew 16 0.716
1 Corinthians 3 0.711
2 Corinthians 5 0.699
1 Samuel 4 0.682
Matthew 10 0.617
John 3 0.534
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.987
Verse Prominence
2 Thessalonians 3.2 2.837
Hebrews 12.1 2.774
Apocalypse 1.9 1.895
2 Thessalonians 3.1 1.894
Lamentations 2.6 1.894
2 Corinthians 4.9 1.893
1 Peter 2.20 1.893
Ezekiel 3.17 1.889
Matthew 5.12 1.885
Matthew 5.11 1.88
Acts 5.41 1.879
2 Kings 2.12 1.873
Philippians 1.29 1.872
Acts 20.28 1.821
Matthew 10.17 0.947
Luke 8.12 0.947
Apocalypse 2.10 0.947
Matthew 12.17 0.947
Jeremiah 1.17 0.947
Ezekiel 21.8 0.947
Exodus 10.28 0.947
1 Kings 22.27 0.947
2 Samuel 15.24 0.947
1 Samuel 22.17 0.947
Mark 5.11 0.947
Deuteronomy 34.8 0.947
1 Samuel 25.1 0.947
Acts 8.2 0.947
1 Samuel 4.7 0.947
Apocalypse 1.13 0.947
John 8.12 0.947
Lamentations 1.6 0.947
Psalms 119.50 0.947
1 Corinthians 4.15 0.947
Acts 26.29 0.947
Philippians 1.12 0.947
Ephesians 3.1 0.947
Philippians 1.14 0.947
Daniel 3.5 0.947
John 15.18 0.946
Jeremiah 15.10 0.946
John 15.13 0.946
Psalms 73.22 0.946
Luke 21.19 0.946
Psalms 56.8 0.946
Isaiah 30.20 0.946
Psalms 80.1 0.946
Psalms 77.20 0.946
Hosea 3.4 0.946
Acts 21.13 0.945
Hebrews 10.36 0.945
Psalms 87.3 0.945
1 Corinthians 4.9 0.945
Galatians 4.16 0.944
Hebrews 10.31 0.944
Job 33.23 0.944
Luke 12.50 0.944
Amos 8.11 0.943
Matthew 5.10 0.943
Ephesians 6.11 0.942
Romans 1.1 0.942
1 Kings 22.8 0.94
Hebrews 11.37 0.94
Psalms 58.11 0.94
Matthew 16.24 0.939
Acts 4.18 0.939
1 Corinthians 3.17 0.937
Hebrews 5.4 0.937
Proverbs 23.23 0.936
Matthew 10.16 0.935
John 11.36 0.935
Apocalypse 13.10 0.935
Galatians 6.17 0.935
Romans 9.4 0.934
1 Corinthians 14.5 0.931
1 Corinthians 13.3 0.929
John 16.2 0.928
1 Corinthians 4.13 0.926
Acts 12.5 0.924
2 Corinthians 1.5 0.924
2 Corinthians 5.14 0.922
2 Timothy 4.8 0.922
Romans 4.25 0.92
Psalms 116.15 0.918
Matthew 10.28 0.903
2 Timothy 4.3 0.902
John 3.3 0.744
John 10.15 0.578
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase