Reprinted at London

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
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Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 15.6% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 10.0% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 73.2% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 23.9% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 7.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.747
Evenness: 0.819
Part Prominence
New Testament (AKJV) 34.235
New Testament (Vulgate) 0.272
Old Testament (ODRV) 0.242
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -0.383
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.917
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.838
New Testament (ODRV) -3.203
New Testament (Geneva) -3.748
Old Testament (AKJV) -4.762
Diversity: 0.952
Evenness: 0.928
Book Prominence
2 Thessalonians (Geneva) 11.743
2 Thessalonians (AKJV) 11.67
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 4.866
2 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 3.214
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 2.404
2 John (Geneva) 1.637
2 John (Tyndale) 1.632
2 Thessalonians (ODRV) 1.619
Zechariah (Douay-Rheims) 1.612
Romans (AKJV) 1.602
Revelation (Vulgate) 1.593
Zechariah (Geneva) 1.585
Zechariah (AKJV) 1.554
Mark (Geneva) 1.495
Mark (AKJV) 1.367
Revelation (Geneva) 1.327
Revelation (Tyndale) 1.285
Genesis (ODRV) 1.272
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.191
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.182
Revelation (AKJV) 1.148
1 John (ODRV) 1.132
Acts (Tyndale) 1.127
Galatians (Geneva) 1.103
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.1
1 John (Tyndale) 1.086
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.083
Revelation (ODRV) 1.064
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.988
1 John (AKJV) 0.96
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.85
Job (AKJV) 0.826
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.811
John (Tyndale) 0.796
John (AKJV) 0.758
Psalms (ODRV) 0.606
Romans (Geneva) 0.528
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.436
Matthew (ODRV) 0.307
Psalms (AKJV) -0.55
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.943
Chapter Prominence
2 Thessalonians 2 (Geneva) 8.296
2 Thessalonians 2 (AKJV) 8.253
Revelation 17 (AKJV) 5.942
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 4.594
2 Thessalonians 2 (Tyndale) 2.366
Revelation 13 (ODRV) 2.347
1 Corinthians 3 (Tyndale) 2.282
Romans 11 (AKJV) 2.237
1 John 4 (AKJV) 2.217
Zechariah 6 (Geneva) 1.189
Revelation 17 (Vulgate) 1.188
Zechariah 6 (AKJV) 1.188
Zechariah 6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.188
Revelation 12 (Tyndale) 1.187
Mark 14 (Geneva) 1.186
Isaiah 42 (Douay-Rheims) 1.185
Psalms 10 (ODRV) 1.182
Revelation 13 (AKJV) 1.182
Isaiah 48 (Douay-Rheims) 1.181
Genesis 13 (ODRV) 1.181
Psalms 81 (ODRV) 1.181
Revelation 18 (ODRV) 1.18
Revelation 11 (AKJV) 1.179
Revelation 17 (Geneva) 1.175
Mark 14 (AKJV) 1.175
2 Thessalonians 2 (ODRV) 1.173
Revelation 17 (ODRV) 1.172
Revelation 21 (AKJV) 1.171
2 John 1 (Tyndale) 1.169
1 Corinthians 14 (Tyndale) 1.169
Job 4 (AKJV) 1.167
Revelation 2 (Geneva) 1.167
2 John 1 (Geneva) 1.165
1 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 1.146
1 Peter 5 (ODRV) 1.146
Revelation 14 (ODRV) 1.144
Isaiah 1 (Geneva) 1.14
Revelation 14 (Tyndale) 1.139
John 4 (AKJV) 1.137
Galatians 4 (Geneva) 1.137
Revelation 14 (Geneva) 1.136
Revelation 12 (ODRV) 1.13
Romans 11 (Geneva) 1.128
Revelation 2 (Tyndale) 1.128
Matthew 28 (ODRV) 1.123
1 John 2 (Tyndale) 1.122
Isaiah 1 (AKJV) 1.121
John 10 (AKJV) 1.119
Acts 5 (Tyndale) 1.119
1 John 2 (ODRV) 1.111
1 John 2 (AKJV) 1.104
John 1 (Tyndale) 1.091
1 Corinthians 3 (ODRV) 1.091
Psalms 82 (AKJV) 1.089
John 5 (Tyndale) 1.073
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 1.036
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 1.015
Matthew 15 (ODRV) 1.009
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 0.867
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 0.96
Verse Prominence
2 Thessalonians 2.4 (Geneva) 5.006
2 Thessalonians 2.4 (AKJV) 4.979
Revelation 17.5 (AKJV) 3.575
2 Thessalonians 2.8 (AKJV) 2.85
1 Corinthians 3.17 (AKJV) 2.839
2 Thessalonians 2.7 (AKJV) 2.146
2 Thessalonians 2.9 (AKJV) 2.145
2 Thessalonians 2.11 (AKJV) 2.144
2 Thessalonians 2.12 (Tyndale) 1.43
Revelation 17.11 (AKJV) 1.43
Revelation 13.11 (ODRV) 1.43
Romans 11.18 (AKJV) 1.427
1 John 4.3 (AKJV) 1.424
2 Thessalonians 2.10 (AKJV) 1.414
1 Corinthians 3.17 (Tyndale) 1.399
2 Timothy 3.15 (AKJV) 1.39
1 John 2.22 (Tyndale) 0.715
Isaiah 1.22 (Geneva) 0.715
Romans 11.19 (Geneva) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.6 (Geneva) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.17 (Geneva) 0.715
Isaiah 42.8 (Douay-Rheims) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.6 (AKJV) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.15 (AKJV) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.8 (Tyndale) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.3 (Geneva) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.5 (ODRV) 0.715
Genesis 13.13 (ODRV) 0.715
1 John 2.22 (AKJV) 0.715
1 John 2.18 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.5 (Vulgate) 0.715
1 Corinthians 3.17 (ODRV) 0.715
Zechariah 6.12 (AKJV) 0.715
Zechariah 6.12 (Geneva) 0.715
Zechariah 6.13 (Douay-Rheims) 0.715
Revelation 12.1 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 12.13 (Tyndale) 0.715
Revelation 17.6 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.6 (Geneva) 0.715
Revelation 21.2 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.18 (Geneva) 0.715
Revelation 17.9 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 17.10 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.10 (Geneva) 0.715
Revelation 17.11 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 17.11 (Geneva) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.5 (Tyndale) 0.715
Revelation 13.15 (AKJV) 0.715
John 10.35 (AKJV) 0.715
1 Corinthians 14.22 (Tyndale) 0.715
Mark 14.23 (AKJV) 0.715
Mark 14.23 (Geneva) 0.715
Revelation 17.18 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.4 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.4 (Geneva) 0.715
Revelation 17.12 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 17.12 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.17 (AKJV) 0.715
Revelation 17.17 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 14.8 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 14.9 (Geneva) 0.715
Revelation 18.21 (ODRV) 0.715
Revelation 2.13 (Geneva) 0.715
Matthew 15.14 (ODRV) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.13 (AKJV) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.14 (Geneva) 0.715
2 Thessalonians 2.16 (AKJV) 0.715
Job 4.9 (AKJV) 0.714
2 Thessalonians 2.8 (ODRV) 0.714
2 Thessalonians 2.12 (AKJV) 0.714
2 John 1.7 (Tyndale) 0.714
Revelation 17.14 (AKJV) 0.714
Revelation 18.4 (ODRV) 0.714
Revelation 14.10 (Tyndale) 0.714
2 Thessalonians 2.9 (ODRV) 0.713
2 Thessalonians 2.13 (Geneva) 0.713
1 John 2.19 (Tyndale) 0.713
Ephesians 2.21 (AKJV) 0.713
1 Peter 5.13 (ODRV) 0.713
Psalms 10.4 (ODRV) 0.713
Revelation 17.18 (ODRV) 0.713
Romans 11.21 (AKJV) 0.713
Isaiah 48.11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.712
2 John 1.7 (Geneva) 0.712
Psalms 81.7 (ODRV) 0.712
1 Timothy 4.3 (AKJV) 0.711
Revelation 17.5 (Geneva) 0.711
Romans 11.20 (AKJV) 0.711
Revelation 11.8 (AKJV) 0.71
Isaiah 1.21 (AKJV) 0.71
Revelation 2.13 (Tyndale) 0.709
2 Timothy 3.17 (AKJV) 0.708
1 John 2.18 (ODRV) 0.708
Galatians 4.26 (Geneva) 0.708
John 5.39 (Tyndale) 0.706
Revelation 17.5 (ODRV) 0.705
Matthew 28.18 (ODRV) 0.697
John 1.5 (Tyndale) 0.691
John 4.24 (AKJV) 0.684
Acts 5.29 (Tyndale) 0.654
1 Corinthians 11.26 (AKJV) 0.653
Psalms 82.6 (AKJV) 0.624
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 6.817
New Testament 1.945
Diversity: 0.953
Evenness: 0.988
Book Prominence
Revelation 6.116
1 Timothy 5.951
Galatians 5.57
2 Thessalonians 2.973
Zechariah 2.849
Leviticus 2.712
2 Peter 2.636
1 Kings 2.458
1 John 2.379
2 Timothy 2.033
1 Peter 1.979
Numbers 1.967
Ephesians 1.801
Mark 1.58
Jeremiah 1.507
Isaiah 1.311
1 Corinthians 1.209
Exodus 1.2
Acts 0.597
Romans 0.41
John 0.245
Matthew -0.217
Psalms -0.897
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.99
Chapter Prominence
Revelation 17 4.801
Revelation 11 3.089
1 Timothy 4 3.084
Galatians 4 3.074
1 John 4 3.048
Zechariah 6 1.608
Exodus 29 1.607
Leviticus 1 1.589
Numbers 11 1.589
Jeremiah 8 1.588
Zechariah 3 1.58
Revelation 13 1.578
Revelation 16 1.564
Jeremiah 51 1.558
Revelation 18 1.553
Revelation 7 1.547
Isaiah 54 1.542
Matthew 15 1.541
Matthew 2 1.538
Revelation 12 1.524
Revelation 2 1.52
Isaiah 14 1.509
Jeremiah 3 1.506
1 Kings 2 1.498
2 Peter 2 1.495
John 4 1.492
Matthew 27 1.491
1 John 2 1.484
Mark 14 1.484
Isaiah 1 1.476
Acts 17 1.471
Revelation 14 1.469
Matthew 24 1.465
1 Peter 5 1.455
2 Thessalonians 2 1.442
Psalms 82 1.44
John 10 1.428
Revelation 3 1.42
Romans 1 1.4
2 Timothy 3 1.383
Romans 12 1.376
John 16 1.364
Romans 11 1.359
Acts 4 1.357
Ephesians 2 1.351
1 Corinthians 14 1.341
Matthew 4 1.33
2 Peter 1 1.325
Galatians 3 1.298
Matthew 26 1.293
1 Peter 2 1.278
John 5 1.218
John 3 1.074
Matthew 28 0.998
Romans 13 0.882
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.979
Verse Prominence
Revelation 17.5 3.848
Revelation 17.8 3.079
Revelation 17.1 2.309
Revelation 17.18 2.309
Revelation 17.6 2.308
1 John 2.18 2.307
Galatians 4.25 1.539
Revelation 14.9 1.539
Revelation 14.11 1.539
2 Thessalonians 2.7 1.537
1 John 4.3 1.536
Revelation 17.11 1.529
Revelation 17.4 1.525
1 Timothy 4.1 1.521
Revelation 11.8 1.518
1 John 2.22 0.77
Galatians 4.27 0.77
Revelation 3.6 0.77
Revelation 3.13 0.77
Revelation 17.2 0.77
Revelation 13.12 0.77
Revelation 13.14 0.77
Revelation 13.15 0.77
Jeremiah 51.34 0.77
Jeremiah 51.35 0.77
Revelation 17.9 0.77
Revelation 17.3 0.77
Exodus 29.36 0.77
Revelation 18.21 0.77
1 John 2.23 0.769
Zechariah 6.12 0.769
Zechariah 6.13 0.769
Zechariah 3.8 0.769
Jeremiah 8.15 0.769
John 4.20 0.769
Isaiah 54.1 0.769
Revelation 12.2 0.769
Revelation 3.15 0.769
Revelation 17.7 0.769
1 Peter 5.13 0.769
Matthew 27.53 0.769
Isaiah 1.22 0.769
Acts 17.7 0.769
Acts 17.8 0.769
2 Thessalonians 2.5 0.769
Revelation 7.10 0.769
John 10.36 0.769
Matthew 28.8 0.769
Matthew 2.22 0.769
2 Thessalonians 2.2 0.769
Galatians 3.5 0.769
Revelation 13.11 0.769
Exodus 29.37 0.769
Revelation 14.6 0.769
Revelation 14.8 0.769
Revelation 14.10 0.769
Revelation 18.6 0.769
Revelation 2.24 0.769
Isaiah 1.21 0.768
Matthew 15.14 0.768
Numbers 11.11 0.768
Revelation 12.1 0.767
Acts 17.25 0.766
1 Timothy 4.3 0.765
John 4.21 0.765
Galatians 4.26 0.765
John 4.23 0.764
Mark 14.23 0.764
1 Corinthians 14.22 0.763
Revelation 18.4 0.762
Romans 1.8 0.761
Romans 11.19 0.761
John 10.35 0.761
Revelation 3.17 0.76
Romans 11.18 0.757
Psalms 82.7 0.755
2 Thessalonians 2.9 0.755
2 Thessalonians 2.10 0.755
John 3.19 0.755
1 Timothy 4.2 0.754
Revelation 3.16 0.754
2 Thessalonians 2.11 0.754
Romans 13.12 0.753
Matthew 4.10 0.753
2 Timothy 3.17 0.753
Matthew 26.27 0.753
John 16.2 0.748
1 Peter 2.14 0.746
Revelation 3.14 0.745
Revelation 16.10 0.745
2 Thessalonians 2.4 0.745
2 Peter 1.19 0.742
Ephesians 2.20 0.741
2 Peter 2.1 0.736
2 Timothy 3.15 0.734
2 Timothy 3.16 0.728
John 5.39 0.721
John 10.34 0.718
Ephesians 2.19 0.704
Acts 4.19 0.7
Romans 11.20 0.694
2 Thessalonians 2.3 0.692
1 Peter 2.13 0.599
Psalms 82.6 0.592
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase