1486

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 89.9% 100.0%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.4% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.93
Evenness: 0.992
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 7.25
Apocrypha (Vulgate) 2.715
Old Testament (Wycliffe) 2.304
Old Testament (Vulgate) 1.176
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 1.135
New Testament (Wycliffe) 0.915
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.307
Old Testament (ODRV) 0.29
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.122
New Testament (Vulgate) -0.361
Old Testament (AKJV) -0.444
New Testament (ODRV) -1.155
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.626
New Testament (AKJV) -2.747
New Testament (Geneva) -2.79
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.993
Book Prominence
Tobit (AKJV) 2.126
Luke (Vulgate) 2.018
Colossians (Tyndale) 1.998
Acts (Tyndale) 1.953
Psalms (Vulgate) 1.879
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.862
Philippians (ODRV) 1.488
Mark (Vulgate) 1.028
1 Thessalonians (Vulgate) 1.015
Genesis (Wycliffe) 1.001
Judges (AKJV) 0.997
2 Peter (Vulgate) 0.987
Acts (Vulgate) 0.98
1 Peter (Vulgate) 0.965
Ecclesiasticus (Vulgate) 0.963
1 Maccabees (Douay-Rheims) 0.958
Genesis (Vulgate) 0.95
James (Vulgate) 0.944
Jeremiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.891
Matthew (Wycliffe) 0.879
Revelation (Tyndale) 0.856
2 Timothy (Tyndale) 0.847
Acts (AKJV) 0.842
Luke (Wycliffe) 0.831
Acts (Geneva) 0.83
Exodus (Geneva) 0.829
Mark (ODRV) 0.829
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.823
Jonah (ODRV) 0.823
Acts (ODRV) 0.822
Philippians (Geneva) 0.816
Genesis (Geneva) 0.811
Job (AKJV) 0.808
Mark (Tyndale) 0.804
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.789
Romans (Vulgate) 0.783
Genesis (ODRV) 0.761
Galatians (Tyndale) 0.76
John (Wycliffe) 0.755
Genesis (AKJV) 0.755
James (Geneva) 0.749
1 Timothy (ODRV) 0.746
1 Peter (Tyndale) 0.745
John (Vulgate) 0.734
1 Peter (ODRV) 0.732
Exodus (ODRV) 0.731
1 John (AKJV) 0.727
Luke (Geneva) 0.726
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.724
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.718
James (ODRV) 0.717
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.701
1 John (Tyndale) 0.691
1 John (ODRV) 0.691
Psalms (Geneva) 0.675
Matthew (ODRV) 0.671
Luke (ODRV) 0.666
1 Corinthians (Vulgate) 0.659
Galatians (ODRV) 0.656
John (AKJV) 0.648
Luke (Tyndale) 0.637
Matthew (AKJV) 0.622
Matthew (Vulgate) 0.612
Psalms (AKJV) 0.61
Matthew (Geneva) 0.604
John (ODRV) 0.601
Psalms (ODRV) 0.585
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.581
Ephesians (Tyndale) 0.566
John (Geneva) 0.56
Romans (Tyndale) 0.554
John (Tyndale) 0.542
Romans (AKJV) 0.48
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.394
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.257
Diversity: 0.994
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 30 (Vulgate) 1.109
Luke 23 (Vulgate) 1.105
Matthew 3 (Vulgate) 1.1
Psalms 117 (Vulgate) 1.097
Luke 1 (Wycliffe) 1.097
Genesis 44 (Geneva) 1.095
Tobit 10 (AKJV) 1.093
Psalms 117 (ODRV) 1.078
Acts 1 (Tyndale) 1.071
Colossians 3 (Tyndale) 1.065
Matthew 23 (Tyndale) 1.064
Luke 23 (Tyndale) 1.054
1 Peter 4 (AKJV) 1.039
Philippians 2 (ODRV) 0.876
Genesis 32 (Wycliffe) 0.555
Genesis 39 (Vulgate) 0.555
Acts 22 (Vulgate) 0.555
Genesis 3 (Wycliffe) 0.554
Matthew 4 (Wycliffe) 0.554
Ecclesiasticus 7 (Vulgate) 0.553
Genesis 40 (ODRV) 0.553
Matthew 2 (Vulgate) 0.553
Luke 18 (Wycliffe) 0.553
Matthew 27 (Wycliffe) 0.551
1 Peter 4 (Vulgate) 0.55
Revelation 10 (Tyndale) 0.549
Matthew 10 (Wycliffe) 0.548
Luke 24 (Wycliffe) 0.547
Acts 6 (ODRV) 0.546
John 14 (Wycliffe) 0.545
Matthew 12 (Vulgate) 0.545
Genesis 45 (Geneva) 0.545
1 Maccabees 1 (Douay-Rheims) 0.545
Psalms 29 (ODRV) 0.544
John 8 (Wycliffe) 0.544
Matthew 24 (Wycliffe) 0.544
1 Corinthians 13 (Vulgate) 0.543
Psalms 139 (ODRV) 0.543
Genesis 48 (Geneva) 0.543
Jeremiah 1 (Douay-Rheims) 0.543
Mark 5 (Tyndale) 0.543
Matthew 12 (Wycliffe) 0.542
Mark 16 (Vulgate) 0.542
Luke 18 (Vulgate) 0.542
Genesis 21 (ODRV) 0.538
Mark 14 (Tyndale) 0.538
Acts 14 (ODRV) 0.538
Revelation 12 (Tyndale) 0.538
Acts 9 (Geneva) 0.536
John 20 (Vulgate) 0.535
Acts 9 (Tyndale) 0.535
Genesis 27 (ODRV) 0.534
Genesis 37 (AKJV) 0.534
Matthew 26 (Wycliffe) 0.534
Genesis 28 (ODRV) 0.533
Genesis 32 (AKJV) 0.533
James 1 (Vulgate) 0.533
John 12 (Vulgate) 0.533
Judges 5 (AKJV) 0.533
Mark 14 (ODRV) 0.533
Genesis 42 (AKJV) 0.532
Psalms 54 (ODRV) 0.532
Luke 1 (Vulgate) 0.532
Matthew 14 (Geneva) 0.531
Job 5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.53
Genesis 27 (AKJV) 0.53
2 Timothy 4 (Tyndale) 0.529
Matthew 3 (Tyndale) 0.529
Psalms 72 (Geneva) 0.528
2 Corinthians 11 (Tyndale) 0.527
John 11 (Wycliffe) 0.527
2 Peter 1 (Vulgate) 0.527
Acts 8 (Geneva) 0.527
Luke 8 (ODRV) 0.525
Matthew 1 (ODRV) 0.525
Acts 8 (AKJV) 0.525
Matthew 4 (Vulgate) 0.524
John 14 (Vulgate) 0.523
Psalms 30 (AKJV) 0.522
Luke 24 (Geneva) 0.522
Luke 15 (ODRV) 0.521
Galatians 1 (ODRV) 0.521
1 Thessalonians 4 (Vulgate) 0.52
1 Peter 4 (ODRV) 0.52
John 6 (Wycliffe) 0.52
Acts 4 (ODRV) 0.52
Matthew 4 (Tyndale) 0.519
John 2 (AKJV) 0.519
Galatians 1 (Tyndale) 0.518
Luke 20 (ODRV) 0.518
John 2 (ODRV) 0.518
Matthew 15 (Vulgate) 0.517
John 20 (AKJV) 0.517
Job 21 (AKJV) 0.514
Genesis 3 (Geneva) 0.513
Jonah 1 (ODRV) 0.513
Isaiah 57 (AKJV) 0.513
1 Peter 3 (ODRV) 0.512
2 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 0.511
Luke 23 (Geneva) 0.511
John 13 (Geneva) 0.511
Genesis 22 (Geneva) 0.51
Matthew 4 (ODRV) 0.51
Luke 18 (Tyndale) 0.509
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 0.509
John 9 (AKJV) 0.509
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 0.507
Luke 17 (Tyndale) 0.507
John 4 (Tyndale) 0.507
Luke 1 (Geneva) 0.507
Exodus 20 (ODRV) 0.506
1 Peter 4 (Tyndale) 0.505
John 7 (Tyndale) 0.505
Luke 16 (ODRV) 0.504
John 10 (Tyndale) 0.504
1 John 5 (Tyndale) 0.503
Matthew 3 (Geneva) 0.503
Luke 1 (Tyndale) 0.502
1 Corinthians 12 (Vulgate) 0.501
John 8 (ODRV) 0.5
Psalms 50 (ODRV) 0.5
Luke 23 (ODRV) 0.499
Luke 2 (ODRV) 0.499
John 12 (Geneva) 0.499
Genesis 21 (AKJV) 0.498
James 1 (Geneva) 0.497
Exodus 20 (Geneva) 0.497
Luke 10 (Tyndale) 0.497
Galatians 3 (Tyndale) 0.495
John 12 (ODRV) 0.495
Genesis 2 (ODRV) 0.494
Luke 2 (Tyndale) 0.493
Philippians 2 (Geneva) 0.492
John 10 (ODRV) 0.49
Colossians 2 (Tyndale) 0.489
Romans 8 (Vulgate) 0.489
Ephesians 2 (Tyndale) 0.488
John 12 (Tyndale) 0.487
Romans 6 (Tyndale) 0.487
John 5 (ODRV) 0.487
Matthew 25 (Tyndale) 0.485
Mark 16 (Tyndale) 0.485
1 John 4 (AKJV) 0.484
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 0.483
1 Timothy 2 (ODRV) 0.483
John 6 (Vulgate) 0.482
Luke 22 (Geneva) 0.482
1 John 5 (ODRV) 0.481
Luke 22 (Tyndale) 0.48
John 8 (Tyndale) 0.477
James 2 (ODRV) 0.472
Ephesians 5 (Tyndale) 0.472
John 1 (ODRV) 0.471
John 20 (ODRV) 0.469
Romans 5 (Tyndale) 0.465
Matthew 19 (Tyndale) 0.46
Matthew 5 (Tyndale) 0.46
John 3 (Tyndale) 0.455
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.454
John 1 (Tyndale) 0.453
John 20 (Tyndale) 0.45
1 Corinthians 7 (Tyndale) 0.445
1 John 4 (Tyndale) 0.444
John 6 (Tyndale) 0.393
Matthew 26 (Tyndale) 0.368
Diversity: 0.994
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Psalms 30.6 (Vulgate) 1.025
Psalms 117.24 (Vulgate) 1.025
Luke 23.46 (Tyndale) 1.025
Luke 1.27 (Wycliffe) 1.025
Genesis 44.12 (Geneva) 1.024
Matthew 3.16 (Vulgate) 1.024
Tobit 10.3 (AKJV) 1.023
Luke 23.43 (Vulgate) 1.023
Luke 23.42 (Tyndale) 1.022
Matthew 23.33 (Tyndale) 1.019
Psalms 117.24 (ODRV) 1.019
Colossians 3.14 (Tyndale) 1.017
Acts 1.11 (Tyndale) 1.017
1 Peter 4.8 (AKJV) 1.016
Philippians 2.8 (ODRV) 0.873
Matthew 10.12 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Ecclesiasticus 7.40 (Vulgate) 0.512
Genesis 3.13 (Wycliffe) 0.512
2 Corinthians 11.25 (Tyndale) 0.512
2 Corinthians 11.27 (Geneva) 0.512
Luke 8.5 (ODRV) 0.512
1 Corinthians 13.3 (Vulgate) 0.512
Matthew 4.1 (Vulgate) 0.512
Matthew 4.10 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Genesis 27.30 (ODRV) 0.512
Genesis 32.24 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Matthew 15.28 (Vulgate) 0.512
Matthew 12.36 (Vulgate) 0.512
Matthew 12.36 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Matthew 27.59 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Genesis 37.5 (AKJV) 0.512
Genesis 21.20 (ODRV) 0.512
Genesis 39.7 (Vulgate) 0.512
Genesis 40.3 (ODRV) 0.512
Genesis 42.25 (AKJV) 0.512
John 8.59 (ODRV) 0.512
John 12.1 (Tyndale) 0.512
John 12.9 (Vulgate) 0.512
John 8.1 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Mark 14.44 (Tyndale) 0.512
Galatians 1.19 (Tyndale) 0.512
Luke 23.29 (Geneva) 0.512
John 6.11 (Tyndale) 0.512
John 11.53 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Luke 24.52 (Wycliffe) 0.512
John 20.27 (Vulgate) 0.512
John 12.14 (Geneva) 0.512
Acts 6.11 (ODRV) 0.512
Matthew 2.13 (Vulgate) 0.512
Acts 22.7 (Vulgate) 0.512
Acts 9.18 (Geneva) 0.512
Acts 14.27 (ODRV) 0.512
Luke 15.7 (ODRV) 0.512
John 8.11 (Tyndale) 0.512
Luke 23.54 (Tyndale) 0.512
Acts 1.23 (Tyndale) 0.512
Luke 1.30 (Vulgate) 0.512
Jeremiah 1.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.512
Revelation 10.8 (Tyndale) 0.512
Luke 20.30 (ODRV) 0.512
John 2.1 (ODRV) 0.512
Luke 10.38 (Tyndale) 0.512
Luke 2.45 (Tyndale) 0.512
Matthew 3.13 (Tyndale) 0.512
Matthew 1.24 (ODRV) 0.512
Mark 5.24 (Tyndale) 0.512
Luke 18.33 (Vulgate) 0.512
Luke 18.41 (Wycliffe) 0.512
Acts 8.15 (Geneva) 0.512
Luke 15.11 (ODRV) 0.512
John 12.12 (ODRV) 0.512
John 13.23 (Geneva) 0.512
Acts 4.3 (ODRV) 0.512
1 Peter 4.8 (Vulgate) 0.512
John 14.14 (Wycliffe) 0.511
Genesis 3.16 (Geneva) 0.511
Genesis 27.32 (AKJV) 0.511
Genesis 21.5 (ODRV) 0.511
1 Thessalonians 4.3 (Vulgate) 0.511
Genesis 45.4 (Geneva) 0.511
Luke 22.43 (Tyndale) 0.511
2 Timothy 4.6 (Tyndale) 0.511
Matthew 25.18 (AKJV) 0.511
John 20.26 (Tyndale) 0.511
John 20.29 (Vulgate) 0.511
Matthew 14.10 (Geneva) 0.511
1 John 5.17 (Tyndale) 0.511
Mark 16.16 (Vulgate) 0.511
John 2.7 (AKJV) 0.511
Matthew 24.1 (Wycliffe) 0.511
Luke 1.57 (Geneva) 0.511
1 Maccabees 1.47 (Douay-Rheims) 0.511
Matthew 3.4 (Geneva) 0.511
Acts 9.9 (Tyndale) 0.511
Acts 8.15 (AKJV) 0.511
Psalms 29.9 (ODRV) 0.51
Matthew 5.3 (Tyndale) 0.51
Luke 18.38 (Tyndale) 0.51
Matthew 4.9 (ODRV) 0.51
Matthew 4.10 (Vulgate) 0.51
Genesis 32.27 (AKJV) 0.51
James 1.15 (Vulgate) 0.51
Luke 23.28 (ODRV) 0.51
John 10.31 (Tyndale) 0.51
Judges 5.27 (AKJV) 0.51
John 4.46 (Tyndale) 0.51
Luke 22.48 (Geneva) 0.51
Revelation 12.7 (Tyndale) 0.51
1 Peter 3.19 (ODRV) 0.51
Luke 1.14 (Tyndale) 0.51
Job 5.7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.509
Genesis 22.11 (Geneva) 0.509
Matthew 4.7 (Tyndale) 0.509
Genesis 28.12 (ODRV) 0.509
Psalms 72.11 (Geneva) 0.509
Exodus 20.7 (Geneva) 0.509
John 11.2 (Wycliffe) 0.509
1 Peter 4.8 (ODRV) 0.509
Psalms 139.4 (ODRV) 0.509
John 1.32 (Tyndale) 0.509
John 6.52 (Vulgate) 0.509
Psalms 30.8 (AKJV) 0.509
John 20.29 (ODRV) 0.509
Galatians 3.20 (Tyndale) 0.509
John 7.31 (Tyndale) 0.509
Psalms 54.17 (ODRV) 0.509
1 John 4.7 (AKJV) 0.509
Luke 24.10 (Geneva) 0.509
1 John 4.20 (Tyndale) 0.508
Genesis 48.12 (Geneva) 0.508
Matthew 26.9 (Wycliffe) 0.508
Genesis 2.25 (ODRV) 0.508
John 14.6 (Vulgate) 0.507
James 1.14 (Geneva) 0.507
John 9.38 (AKJV) 0.507
John 20.29 (AKJV) 0.507
Romans 6.7 (Tyndale) 0.507
Romans 8.12 (Vulgate) 0.507
Matthew 3.17 (Vulgate) 0.507
Mark 14.50 (ODRV) 0.507
Matthew 25.42 (Tyndale) 0.506
John 10.42 (ODRV) 0.506
Galatians 1.5 (ODRV) 0.505
John 3.18 (Tyndale) 0.505
Romans 5.3 (Tyndale) 0.504
Matthew 26.66 (Tyndale) 0.504
Luke 2.14 (ODRV) 0.504
John 1.36 (ODRV) 0.504
John 6.71 (Tyndale) 0.504
Romans 6.10 (AKJV) 0.504
1 Corinthians 9.27 (AKJV) 0.503
1 Peter 4.1 (Tyndale) 0.502
Luke 17.13 (Tyndale) 0.502
Colossians 2.14 (Tyndale) 0.502
Isaiah 57.2 (AKJV) 0.502
1 Corinthians 9.24 (AKJV) 0.501
2 Peter 1.7 (Vulgate) 0.501
John 5.8 (ODRV) 0.501
Job 21.32 (AKJV) 0.501
1 Corinthians 12.27 (Vulgate) 0.5
John 6.56 (Wycliffe) 0.5
Philippians 2.8 (Geneva) 0.499
1 John 5.6 (ODRV) 0.498
James 2.13 (ODRV) 0.498
Ephesians 2.4 (AKJV) 0.497
1 Timothy 2.5 (ODRV) 0.497
Jonah 1.4 (ODRV) 0.496
Exodus 20.8 (ODRV) 0.494
Luke 23.43 (ODRV) 0.494
1 John 4.16 (Tyndale) 0.493
Luke 16.22 (ODRV) 0.493
Ephesians 2.8 (Tyndale) 0.489
Psalms 50.19 (ODRV) 0.489
Matthew 19.14 (Tyndale) 0.483
Genesis 21.3 (AKJV) 0.483
1 Corinthians 7.31 (Tyndale) 0.481
Ephesians 5.30 (Tyndale) 0.481
Mark 16.16 (Tyndale) 0.477
Matthew 26.26 (Tyndale) 0.395
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity:
Evenness:
Part Prominence
Diversity:
Evenness:
Book Prominence
Diversity:
Evenness:
Chapter Prominence
Diversity:
Evenness:
Verse Prominence
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase