Bible. -- N.T. -- Matthew XXII, 16

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 22.8% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 12.6% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 71.3% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.8% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 24.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 8.3% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.8% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.8% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.8% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.4% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.844
Evenness: 0.98
Part Prominence
New Testament (ODRV) 13.968
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 3.99
Old Testament (Geneva) 2.725
New Testament (Tyndale) 2.719
New Testament (Geneva) 1.555
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.64
New Testament (AKJV) 0.442
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.986
Book Prominence
Matthew (AKJV) 6.213
Luke (ODRV) 2.91
Nehemiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.853
Malachi (Douay-Rheims) 1.806
Titus (Tyndale) 1.789
Canticles (Geneva) 1.747
2 Samuel (Geneva) 1.698
Titus (ODRV) 1.643
2 Timothy (Geneva) 1.546
Colossians (Geneva) 1.543
2 Samuel (AKJV) 1.528
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.518
Exodus (Geneva) 1.501
Ephesians (Tyndale) 1.487
Galatians (Geneva) 1.453
1 Thessalonians (AKJV) 1.449
Titus (AKJV) 1.443
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.412
1 Timothy (Geneva) 1.411
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.356
Revelation (Geneva) 1.35
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.324
Revelation (ODRV) 1.317
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.272
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.271
Acts (ODRV) 1.219
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.134
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.109
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.103
Acts (AKJV) 1.087
John (Tyndale) 1.086
Luke (Geneva) 1.067
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.06
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.032
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.024
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.78
Romans (ODRV) 0.772
John (AKJV) 0.763
Matthew (Geneva) 0.752
Luke (AKJV) 0.746
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.722
Matthew (ODRV) 0.565
Romans (Geneva) 0.528
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.515
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.396
Psalms (Geneva) 0.248
Romans (AKJV) 0.231
Psalms (AKJV) -0.643
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.988
Chapter Prominence
Matthew 22 (AKJV) 5.392
Luke 20 (ODRV) 2.686
Luke 10 (ODRV) 2.68
Titus 1 (AKJV) 2.644
1 Corinthians 2 (Geneva) 2.632
Exodus 28 (Geneva) 1.366
2 Samuel 20 (Geneva) 1.364
Nehemiah 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.361
Jeremiah 1 (AKJV) 1.357
Malachi 2 (Douay-Rheims) 1.354
Canticles 4 (Geneva) 1.354
Titus 1 (ODRV) 1.349
Luke 3 (ODRV) 1.348
Titus 2 (Tyndale) 1.347
Luke 14 (AKJV) 1.342
Revelation 22 (ODRV) 1.341
Luke 13 (ODRV) 1.338
Proverbs 5 (AKJV) 1.337
Acts 20 (ODRV) 1.332
Isaiah 53 (Geneva) 1.332
1 Corinthians 9 (Tyndale) 1.33
Luke 10 (Geneva) 1.329
1 Corinthians 9 (ODRV) 1.329
Isaiah 55 (Douay-Rheims) 1.327
Acts 20 (AKJV) 1.326
Galatians 1 (Tyndale) 1.326
1 Corinthians 14 (ODRV) 1.323
1 Timothy 5 (Geneva) 1.32
2 Samuel 1 (AKJV) 1.318
1 Corinthians 9 (Geneva) 1.312
Luke 10 (AKJV) 1.309
1 Timothy 1 (ODRV) 1.307
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 1.305
Revelation 22 (Geneva) 1.304
1 Corinthians 14 (Geneva) 1.303
Ephesians 1 (Tyndale) 1.299
Matthew 13 (ODRV) 1.295
2 Timothy 2 (Geneva) 1.294
1 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 1.293
Matthew 24 (Geneva) 1.288
Romans 1 (ODRV) 1.286
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 1.284
John 5 (AKJV) 1.282
1 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 1.27
John 6 (AKJV) 1.269
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 1.265
Ecclesiastes 12 (AKJV) 1.264
1 Peter 1 (Geneva) 1.26
Psalms 119 (Geneva) 1.243
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 1.24
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 1.239
John 3 (Tyndale) 1.236
Matthew 5 (Geneva) 1.235
1 Corinthians 1 (AKJV) 1.222
1 Corinthians 14 (AKJV) 1.221
2 Timothy 2 (AKJV) 1.214
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 1.214
1 Thessalonians 5 (AKJV) 1.211
2 Corinthians 5 (AKJV) 1.21
Titus 2 (AKJV) 1.208
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 1.205
Romans 2 (Geneva) 1.204
Romans 2 (AKJV) 1.202
2 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 1.196
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 1.161
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 1.107
Diversity: 0.985
Evenness: 0.989
Verse Prominence
Matthew 22.16 (AKJV) 4.875
Luke 20.21 (ODRV) 2.436
Titus 1.9 (AKJV) 2.431
1 Corinthians 2.4 (Geneva) 2.424
Luke 10.16 (ODRV) 2.422
Exodus 28.34 (Geneva) 1.219
Nehemiah 4.17 (Douay-Rheims) 1.219
Titus 2.7 (Tyndale) 1.219
Luke 14.35 (AKJV) 1.219
Galatians 6.6 (Geneva) 1.219
Matthew 22.15 (AKJV) 1.218
John 3.10 (Tyndale) 1.218
Luke 14.34 (AKJV) 1.218
Matthew 24.45 (Geneva) 1.218
Proverbs 5.3 (AKJV) 1.218
Luke 3.19 (ODRV) 1.218
Jeremiah 1.17 (AKJV) 1.218
1 Corinthians 9.11 (ODRV) 1.218
2 Samuel 20.9 (Geneva) 1.217
Titus 1.10 (AKJV) 1.217
Titus 1.9 (ODRV) 1.217
Malachi 2.8 (Douay-Rheims) 1.217
1 Corinthians 14.19 (ODRV) 1.217
Matthew 13.34 (ODRV) 1.217
Canticles 4.11 (Geneva) 1.217
Ecclesiastes 12.9 (AKJV) 1.217
Galatians 1.10 (Tyndale) 1.217
Revelation 22.18 (Geneva) 1.217
Revelation 22.19 (ODRV) 1.217
1 Timothy 3.10 (AKJV) 1.216
Matthew 22.17 (AKJV) 1.216
Matthew 5.19 (Geneva) 1.216
Psalms 119.168 (AKJV) 1.216
Psalms 119.168 (Geneva) 1.216
1 Corinthians 14.4 (AKJV) 1.216
Ecclesiastes 12.10 (AKJV) 1.216
Acts 20.28 (ODRV) 1.215
John 6.69 (AKJV) 1.215
Malachi 2.9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.215
Luke 13.10 (ODRV) 1.215
Romans 1.19 (ODRV) 1.215
1 Corinthians 14.11 (Geneva) 1.215
1 Corinthians 9.13 (Geneva) 1.215
Titus 2.8 (AKJV) 1.214
2 Corinthians 4.2 (AKJV) 1.214
1 Timothy 5.17 (Geneva) 1.213
Ephesians 1.3 (Tyndale) 1.213
Acts 20.26 (AKJV) 1.212
Acts 20.27 (AKJV) 1.212
1 Corinthians 1.17 (AKJV) 1.212
Colossians 1.27 (Geneva) 1.212
1 Peter 1.9 (Geneva) 1.212
Isaiah 55.8 (Douay-Rheims) 1.211
2 Timothy 2.15 (AKJV) 1.21
Luke 10.16 (AKJV) 1.21
Isaiah 53.7 (Geneva) 1.209
1 Thessalonians 5.12 (AKJV) 1.209
1 Timothy 1.17 (ODRV) 1.209
2 Timothy 2.15 (Geneva) 1.208
1 Corinthians 9.11 (AKJV) 1.208
1 Corinthians 9.14 (AKJV) 1.208
Matthew 7.23 (AKJV) 1.207
1 Corinthians 9.16 (Tyndale) 1.207
Luke 10.16 (Geneva) 1.207
1 Timothy 4.16 (AKJV) 1.206
2 Timothy 3.17 (AKJV) 1.206
John 5.35 (AKJV) 1.205
1 Corinthians 9.13 (AKJV) 1.205
1 Corinthians 3.19 (AKJV) 1.2
Matthew 5.13 (ODRV) 1.2
2 Corinthians 5.20 (AKJV) 1.198
2 Samuel 1.20 (AKJV) 1.196
Romans 2.11 (AKJV) 1.173
Romans 2.11 (Geneva) 1.173
1 Peter 5.11 (AKJV) 1.133
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.955
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Nehemiah 3.928
Canticles 3.799
Malachi 3.639
Titus 3.384
1 Thessalonians 3.358
2 Kings 3.265
1 Kings 3.129
2 Timothy 3.011
2 Samuel 2.947
1 Timothy 2.747
Galatians 2.719
Ecclesiastes 2.599
Exodus 2.437
Jeremiah 2.307
Revelation 2.269
Acts 1.533
John 1.475
Luke 1.444
1 Corinthians 1.329
Isaiah 1.255
Matthew 0.716
Psalms -0.488
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.998
Chapter Prominence
Matthew 28 3.744
Exodus 38 1.99
2 Kings 3 1.973
Nehemiah 4 1.962
Jeremiah 1 1.959
Exodus 28 1.953
Canticles 4 1.95
2 Samuel 20 1.947
Jeremiah 14 1.946
Isaiah 56 1.946
Luke 20 1.939
Malachi 2 1.914
Luke 4 1.914
Luke 3 1.913
2 Samuel 18 1.908
1 Kings 18 1.904
2 Samuel 12 1.89
Acts 12 1.877
Isaiah 55 1.872
Luke 14 1.846
1 Corinthians 9 1.846
Revelation 22 1.845
Acts 1 1.837
Galatians 1 1.819
Titus 1 1.814
1 Thessalonians 5 1.803
Ecclesiastes 12 1.798
Acts 20 1.784
1 Corinthians 14 1.782
1 Timothy 5 1.781
1 Corinthians 2 1.773
Malachi 3 1.772
Titus 2 1.766
Luke 10 1.766
Matthew 13 1.759
1 Timothy 4 1.757
2 Timothy 4 1.756
Matthew 22 1.748
1 Corinthians 3 1.744
Matthew 26 1.73
2 Timothy 2 1.729
2 Timothy 3 1.72
1 Corinthians 1 1.684
John 3 1.679
Luke 12 1.676
Galatians 6 1.675
Matthew 7 1.672
Matthew 5 1.5
Psalms 119 1.476
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.999
Verse Prominence
Matthew 28.19 3.14
2 Samuel 18.23 1.612
Nehemiah 4.17 1.612
Exodus 38.25 1.612
2 Kings 3.13 1.612
2 Samuel 20.3 1.611
Matthew 26.49 1.611
Luke 14.35 1.611
Psalms 119.27 1.611
Exodus 28.30 1.61
Psalms 119.34 1.61
Matthew 28.10 1.61
Luke 3.19 1.61
John 3.10 1.609
Jeremiah 14.14 1.609
Luke 14.34 1.609
Isaiah 56.10 1.609
Ecclesiastes 12.10 1.609
Jeremiah 1.17 1.609
Luke 4.16 1.608
Isaiah 55.9 1.608
1 Corinthians 2.1 1.608
Canticles 4.11 1.608
Psalms 119.32 1.607
2 Timothy 4.16 1.606
Acts 1.1 1.606
Matthew 13.11 1.606
1 Corinthians 1.17 1.606
Ecclesiastes 12.9 1.606
1 Corinthians 3.19 1.605
1 Kings 18.18 1.605
Malachi 3.9 1.605
Revelation 22.18 1.605
Luke 20.20 1.604
Acts 20.20 1.604
1 Corinthians 14.4 1.604
2 Samuel 12.7 1.604
Galatians 6.6 1.603
Exodus 28.33 1.602
Malachi 2.8 1.602
Malachi 2.9 1.602
Isaiah 55.8 1.602
1 Corinthians 9.14 1.602
1 Corinthians 9.16 1.601
Matthew 5.19 1.6
Galatians 1.10 1.6
Luke 12.42 1.599
Titus 2.8 1.598
1 Corinthians 2.4 1.597
Matthew 5.13 1.596
Matthew 7.23 1.596
1 Thessalonians 5.12 1.594
Matthew 22.16 1.592
Titus 1.9 1.591
Titus 2.7 1.591
1 Timothy 4.16 1.588
2 Timothy 2.15 1.588
2 Timothy 3.15 1.587
Luke 10.16 1.585
Acts 20.28 1.567
1 Timothy 5.17 1.556
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase