Bible. -- N.T. -- Romans I, 22

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 1.4% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 1.0% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 90.5% 100.0%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.5% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 7.9% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.8% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 0.979
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (ODRV) 6.9
Old Testament (Geneva) 6.892
Old Testament (AKJV) 4.806
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.388
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.981
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -0.177
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.447
New Testament (Geneva) -2.612
New Testament (ODRV) -2.699
New Testament (AKJV) -3.725
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.98
Book Prominence
John (Tyndale) 5.546
Romans (AKJV) 4.691
Acts (AKJV) 3.419
Isaiah (Geneva) 3.364
John (ODRV) 3.207
Isaiah (AKJV) 2.956
2 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 2.003
Wisdom (ODRV) 1.945
Romans (Vulgate) 1.909
2 Peter (Tyndale) 1.861
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 1.838
2 Timothy (ODRV) 1.836
James (ODRV) 1.691
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.617
Genesis (ODRV) 1.586
Genesis (Geneva) 1.54
Job (Douay-Rheims) 1.539
1 John (AKJV) 1.536
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.529
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.499
Job (Geneva) 1.417
Hebrews (ODRV) 1.396
Philippians (ODRV) 1.379
Philippians (AKJV) 1.354
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.313
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.308
John (Geneva) 1.271
Genesis (AKJV) 1.239
Romans (Tyndale) 1.209
Hebrews (AKJV) 1.044
Psalms (ODRV) 1.001
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.984
Romans (ODRV) 0.976
John (AKJV) 0.968
Luke (AKJV) 0.951
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.927
Romans (Geneva) 0.733
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.601
Psalms (AKJV) -0.438
Diversity: 0.977
Evenness: 0.983
Chapter Prominence
John 1 (Tyndale) 4.733
Romans 1 (AKJV) 4.726
Acts 10 (AKJV) 3.197
John 20 (Tyndale) 3.189
John 11 (Tyndale) 3.171
Isaiah 5 (Geneva) 3.17
Isaiah 5 (AKJV) 3.17
John 14 (ODRV) 3.152
John 14 (AKJV) 3.144
Genesis 5 (ODRV) 1.605
Job 26 (Douay-Rheims) 1.604
Psalms 101 (ODRV) 1.602
Romans 1 (Vulgate) 1.599
Genesis 4 (ODRV) 1.596
Job 38 (Geneva) 1.594
2 Thessalonians 2 (Tyndale) 1.588
2 Timothy 1 (ODRV) 1.587
Wisdom 2 (ODRV) 1.585
Genesis 1 (Geneva) 1.58
John 20 (AKJV) 1.577
Romans 7 (Tyndale) 1.559
John 11 (Geneva) 1.559
2 Peter 1 (Tyndale) 1.558
1 Thessalonians 4 (Tyndale) 1.556
John 14 (Tyndale) 1.556
1 John 5 (AKJV) 1.555
Genesis 3 (ODRV) 1.552
James 3 (ODRV) 1.55
Genesis 4 (AKJV) 1.549
Psalms 139 (AKJV) 1.545
John 17 (AKJV) 1.542
2 Peter 3 (Tyndale) 1.542
John 11 (ODRV) 1.537
Psalms 104 (AKJV) 1.533
Luke 16 (AKJV) 1.532
Romans 1 (ODRV) 1.529
Hebrews 4 (ODRV) 1.526
John 1 (AKJV) 1.522
1 Timothy 6 (ODRV) 1.51
Ecclesiastes 12 (AKJV) 1.507
1 Corinthians 2 (Geneva) 1.505
Romans 1 (Geneva) 1.504
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 1.484
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 1.483
Philippians 3 (ODRV) 1.471
Ephesians 5 (ODRV) 1.462
2 Timothy 2 (AKJV) 1.457
Hebrews 11 (AKJV) 1.41
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 1.397
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 1.352
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 1.288
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.984
Verse Prominence
Romans 1.22 (AKJV) 4.54
John 1.1 (Tyndale) 4.536
Acts 10.12 (AKJV) 3.029
John 14.5 (AKJV) 3.028
John 14.5 (ODRV) 3.027
John 11.16 (Tyndale) 3.027
John 20.28 (Tyndale) 3.025
Isaiah 5.21 (Geneva) 3.022
Isaiah 5.21 (AKJV) 3.022
Genesis 4.16 (ODRV) 1.515
John 11.15 (Geneva) 1.515
John 11.8 (ODRV) 1.515
Romans 1.23 (Vulgate) 1.514
2 Timothy 1.14 (ODRV) 1.514
1 Timothy 6.21 (ODRV) 1.514
John 20.22 (Tyndale) 1.514
James 3.16 (ODRV) 1.514
Psalms 104.9 (AKJV) 1.514
Romans 7.23 (Tyndale) 1.513
Genesis 4.16 (AKJV) 1.513
Romans 1.23 (ODRV) 1.513
2 Thessalonians 2.4 (Tyndale) 1.513
Genesis 1.1 (Geneva) 1.513
Genesis 3.3 (ODRV) 1.512
Psalms 101.26 (ODRV) 1.512
Luke 16.8 (AKJV) 1.512
1 Corinthians 15.12 (Tyndale) 1.512
Genesis 5.22 (ODRV) 1.511
Wisdom 2.24 (ODRV) 1.511
Job 26.7 (Douay-Rheims) 1.511
Ecclesiastes 12.6 (AKJV) 1.511
Psalms 139.6 (AKJV) 1.511
John 1.3 (AKJV) 1.51
2 Timothy 2.18 (AKJV) 1.51
John 11.24 (ODRV) 1.51
1 Corinthians 2.16 (Geneva) 1.51
Psalms 104.5 (AKJV) 1.509
Romans 1.22 (Geneva) 1.509
John 20.29 (AKJV) 1.509
Job 38.11 (Geneva) 1.509
1 John 5.7 (AKJV) 1.508
John 17.5 (AKJV) 1.507
Philippians 3.10 (ODRV) 1.507
1 Thessalonians 4.3 (Tyndale) 1.507
Hebrews 4.15 (ODRV) 1.505
John 14.2 (Tyndale) 1.505
1 Corinthians 15.12 (Geneva) 1.505
Philippians 2.6 (AKJV) 1.501
Hebrews 11.29 (AKJV) 1.5
2 Peter 1.21 (Tyndale) 1.498
Ephesians 5.8 (ODRV) 1.498
1 Corinthians 3.19 (AKJV) 1.496
James 3.15 (ODRV) 1.491
1 Corinthians 15.12 (ODRV) 1.489
2 Peter 3.18 (Tyndale) 1.488
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.625
Evenness: 0.946
Part Prominence
Apocrypha 19.912
New Testament 2.093
Old Testament -22.005
Diversity: 0.88
Evenness: 0.985
Book Prominence
Romans 16.269
Wisdom 9.769
2 Thessalonians 9.066
1 Kings 8.583
1 Timothy 8.202
Ecclesiastes 8.053
Revelation 7.723
John 6.93
Psalms 4.966
Diversity: 0.924
Evenness: 0.991
Chapter Prominence
Romans 1 12.913
Wisdom 14 6.66
Wisdom 2 6.644
1 Kings 13 6.621
Psalms 94 6.599
Psalms 14 6.554
Psalms 78 6.53
Revelation 1 6.513
2 Thessalonians 2 6.474
Ecclesiastes 12 6.465
John 11 6.432
1 Timothy 6 6.412
John 14 6.394
John 1 6.382
Diversity: 0.88
Evenness: 0.985
Verse Prominence
Romans 1.22 19.988
John 14.4 9.996
Psalms 94.7 9.993
1 Timothy 6.20 9.987
Ecclesiastes 12.6 9.985
John 14.3 9.979
Psalms 14.1 9.972
John 1.1 9.97
John 14.2 9.965
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase