Bible. -- N.T. -- Romans VIII, 31

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 10.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 5.3% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 77.6% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 2.9% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 1.2% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 20.0% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 6.5% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.4% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 1.0% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 2.9% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 1.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 1.0% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 1.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 1.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.5% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.648
Evenness: 0.671
Part Prominence
New Testament (AKJV) 44.192
New Testament (ODRV) 4.593
New Testament (Vulgate) 1.304
Apocrypha (AKJV) -1.596
Old Testament (ODRV) -3.227
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -5.385
Old Testament (Geneva) -6.65
New Testament (Tyndale) -6.656
New Testament (Geneva) -7.82
Old Testament (AKJV) -8.735
Diversity: 0.901
Evenness: 0.853
Book Prominence
Romans (AKJV) 26.88
Romans (ODRV) 6.785
Romans (Vulgate) 2.956
Isaiah (AKJV) 1.875
Galatians (Vulgate) 1.493
Esther (AKJV) 1.487
2 Timothy (Tyndale) 1.354
Matthew (Vulgate) 1.333
2 Kings (AKJV) 1.333
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.333
1 Kings (AKJV) 1.31
2 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.254
Exodus (ODRV) 1.241
Exodus (Geneva) 1.165
Exodus (AKJV) 1.014
Revelation (AKJV) 1.003
Genesis (Geneva) 1.0
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.998
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.976
Galatians (AKJV) 0.927
Acts (ODRV) 0.883
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.821
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.76
Acts (AKJV) 0.751
Luke (Geneva) 0.732
John (Geneva) 0.73
Genesis (AKJV) 0.699
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.696
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.688
Romans (Tyndale) 0.668
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.639
John (ODRV) 0.538
Psalms (ODRV) 0.46
Matthew (Geneva) 0.417
Matthew (ODRV) 0.229
Romans (Geneva) 0.192
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.179
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.06
Psalms (Geneva) -0.088
Psalms (AKJV) -0.979
Diversity: 0.936
Evenness: 0.89
Chapter Prominence
Romans 8 (AKJV) 22.164
Romans 8 (ODRV) 6.078
Romans 8 (Vulgate) 2.455
Isaiah 8 (AKJV) 2.452
Psalms 107 (ODRV) 1.248
Job 17 (Douay-Rheims) 1.246
Genesis 50 (Geneva) 1.245
2 Kings 7 (AKJV) 1.245
Exodus 1 (Geneva) 1.243
1 Kings 14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.243
1 Kings 13 (AKJV) 1.242
Psalms 128 (ODRV) 1.241
Galatians 1 (Vulgate) 1.241
1 Kings 18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.24
Acts 23 (ODRV) 1.24
Exodus 23 (Geneva) 1.239
Esther 6 (AKJV) 1.238
Isaiah 8 (Geneva) 1.237
Matthew 1 (Geneva) 1.236
Acts 12 (AKJV) 1.235
Exodus 15 (ODRV) 1.234
Psalms 62 (Geneva) 1.232
Psalms 130 (AKJV) 1.228
Psalms 129 (AKJV) 1.225
Genesis 42 (AKJV) 1.223
Exodus 15 (Geneva) 1.221
Exodus 23 (AKJV) 1.221
Revelation 18 (AKJV) 1.221
2 Timothy 4 (Tyndale) 1.219
2 Kings 15 (Douay-Rheims) 1.218
Isaiah 59 (Geneva) 1.217
2 Timothy 2 (Tyndale) 1.217
Exodus 15 (AKJV) 1.21
Matthew 6 (Vulgate) 1.209
Psalms 11 (AKJV) 1.209
1 Corinthians 8 (AKJV) 1.206
Matthew 8 (ODRV) 1.2
Ecclesiasticus 40 (AKJV) 1.199
Proverbs 16 (Geneva) 1.197
John 11 (Geneva) 1.196
Psalms 73 (Geneva) 1.192
John 7 (ODRV) 1.191
Galatians 1 (AKJV) 1.19
Proverbs 21 (AKJV) 1.19
Isaiah 59 (AKJV) 1.19
Psalms 46 (AKJV) 1.189
Luke 22 (Geneva) 1.186
Proverbs 1 (Douay-Rheims) 1.183
Psalms 27 (AKJV) 1.182
Romans 4 (Geneva) 1.181
2 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 1.177
Galatians 4 (AKJV) 1.174
Psalms 2 (AKJV) 1.15
Romans 8 (Tyndale) 1.118
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 1.111
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 1.094
Romans 8 (Geneva) 1.061
Diversity: 0.952
Evenness: 0.908
Verse Prominence
Romans 8.31 (AKJV) 18.925
Romans 8.31 (ODRV) 5.256
Romans 8.31 (Tyndale) 3.152
Romans 8.31 (Vulgate) 2.104
Isaiah 8.9 (AKJV) 2.092
Romans 8.39 (Geneva) 2.088
Exodus 15.10 (ODRV) 1.052
Exodus 23.27 (Geneva) 1.052
Genesis 42.36 (AKJV) 1.052
2 Timothy 4.14 (Tyndale) 1.052
Psalms 107.14 (ODRV) 1.052
Matthew 6.12 (Vulgate) 1.052
Genesis 50.20 (Geneva) 1.052
Exodus 1.12 (Geneva) 1.052
Acts 12.24 (AKJV) 1.052
Exodus 23.28 (AKJV) 1.052
1 Kings 18.12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.052
1 Kings 14.6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.052
1 Kings 13.4 (AKJV) 1.052
Acts 23.13 (ODRV) 1.052
Job 17.3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.052
Revelation 18.3 (AKJV) 1.052
Psalms 129.3 (AKJV) 1.051
Galatians 4.29 (AKJV) 1.051
Romans 8.35 (Tyndale) 1.051
Exodus 15.4 (AKJV) 1.051
Matthew 1.23 (Geneva) 1.051
2 Kings 7.6 (AKJV) 1.051
Esther 6.2 (AKJV) 1.051
Psalms 62.7 (Geneva) 1.051
Isaiah 59.5 (Geneva) 1.051
2 Timothy 2.12 (Tyndale) 1.051
Romans 8.30 (ODRV) 1.05
John 7.7 (ODRV) 1.05
Exodus 15.11 (Geneva) 1.05
1 Corinthians 8.5 (AKJV) 1.05
Psalms 73.19 (Geneva) 1.05
Exodus 15.11 (AKJV) 1.049
Psalms 107.35 (AKJV) 1.049
Isaiah 8.10 (Geneva) 1.049
Matthew 8.25 (ODRV) 1.048
Luke 22.32 (Geneva) 1.048
Romans 8.33 (Tyndale) 1.048
Exodus 15.4 (Geneva) 1.048
John 11.53 (Geneva) 1.048
Psalms 11.2 (AKJV) 1.048
Isaiah 59.5 (AKJV) 1.048
Psalms 128.2 (ODRV) 1.047
2 Corinthians 4.9 (ODRV) 1.047
Proverbs 1.31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.047
Galatians 1.8 (Vulgate) 1.046
Psalms 130.3 (AKJV) 1.046
Proverbs 16.7 (Geneva) 1.046
Psalms 129.2 (AKJV) 1.045
Psalms 27.3 (AKJV) 1.045
Psalms 129.1 (AKJV) 1.044
Romans 8.38 (Geneva) 1.044
Psalms 46.2 (AKJV) 1.044
2 Corinthians 4.8 (AKJV) 1.043
Psalms 27.1 (AKJV) 1.043
Romans 8.32 (Tyndale) 1.04
Psalms 2.1 (AKJV) 1.04
Romans 4.25 (Geneva) 1.039
2 Kings 15.31 (Douay-Rheims) 1.038
Galatians 1.8 (AKJV) 1.034
Proverbs 21.1 (AKJV) 1.033
Psalms 46.1 (AKJV) 1.032
Ecclesiasticus 40.9 (AKJV) 1.022
Romans 8.37 (AKJV) 1.021
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.962
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Esther 3.368
1 Chronicles 3.174
Leviticus 2.86
2 Chronicles 2.592
2 Kings 2.565
Numbers 2.448
1 Kings 2.429
1 John 2.393
James 2.318
2 Timothy 2.312
2 Samuel 2.248
1 Samuel 2.129
Galatians 2.02
Exodus 1.738
Revelation 1.569
2 Corinthians 1.45
Genesis 1.388
Proverbs 0.899
Acts 0.834
John 0.776
Luke 0.744
1 Corinthians 0.63
Isaiah 0.556
Romans 0.115
Matthew 0.017
Psalms -1.188
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Esther 2 1.68
Psalms 129 1.669
Psalms 125 1.663
2 Chronicles 25 1.663
1 Chronicles 28 1.659
1 Samuel 18 1.657
2 Kings 7 1.655
Genesis 42 1.654
2 Samuel 17 1.653
Genesis 50 1.65
1 Kings 13 1.65
2 Kings 9 1.642
Exodus 1 1.641
2 Kings 19 1.638
2 Kings 6 1.636
1 Samuel 14 1.632
1 Samuel 17 1.628
Exodus 23 1.627
Psalms 46 1.625
Acts 21 1.623
Isaiah 54 1.622
Psalms 130 1.621
Psalms 102 1.62
Psalms 126 1.613
Exodus 15 1.606
Leviticus 26 1.604
Genesis 17 1.603
Acts 19 1.603
Isaiah 59 1.595
Acts 14 1.594
Exodus 14 1.594
Numbers 14 1.59
Proverbs 21 1.589
Psalms 27 1.579
Acts 12 1.572
Acts 23 1.569
Isaiah 8 1.565
Acts 16 1.56
Matthew 8 1.558
Proverbs 16 1.511
Galatians 4 1.504
John 13 1.504
Psalms 11 1.498
John 15 1.487
Acts 13 1.485
Luke 19 1.485
Luke 22 1.478
1 John 2 1.475
2 Corinthians 4 1.466
Revelation 2 1.46
John 17 1.457
2 Timothy 4 1.451
Genesis 3 1.451
Psalms 2 1.449
James 1 1.437
Galatians 6 1.37
Matthew 7 1.367
1 Corinthians 15 1.251
Romans 8 1.162
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
1 Samuel 18.2 1.587
Psalms 102.2 1.587
Acts 12.24 1.586
Exodus 23.28 1.586
1 Samuel 17.10 1.586
2 Timothy 4.13 1.586
Acts 16.22 1.586
Luke 19.47 1.586
Esther 2.22 1.586
Acts 14.19 1.585
Psalms 126.4 1.585
2 Kings 6.12 1.585
Isaiah 59.5 1.585
2 Chronicles 25.2 1.585
2 Kings 9.33 1.585
Leviticus 26.8 1.584
Leviticus 26.3 1.584
Acts 13.8 1.584
Acts 21.28 1.584
Exodus 1.12 1.583
2 Kings 6.16 1.583
Genesis 42.36 1.583
John 15.18 1.583
Acts 19.24 1.583
1 Samuel 14.6 1.583
Psalms 11.2 1.583
Galatians 4.8 1.582
Psalms 129.1 1.581
Exodus 15.11 1.581
1 Kings 13.4 1.581
Galatians 6.17 1.58
Psalms 125.1 1.58
2 Samuel 17.14 1.58
Matthew 8.26 1.579
Genesis 50.20 1.579
Acts 23.12 1.579
Psalms 130.3 1.578
Isaiah 54.11 1.578
Psalms 27.3 1.577
2 Kings 19.35 1.577
1 Chronicles 28.9 1.576
Matthew 7.25 1.576
2 Kings 7.6 1.576
Exodus 14.25 1.575
Luke 22.31 1.574
Romans 8.31 1.573
2 Timothy 4.10 1.573
Proverbs 16.7 1.573
John 13.1 1.572
Psalms 46.1 1.571
Proverbs 21.1 1.571
Isaiah 8.9 1.57
Revelation 2.20 1.57
1 John 2.1 1.569
Galatians 4.29 1.567
2 Corinthians 4.8 1.566
1 Corinthians 15.32 1.566
Genesis 17.1 1.564
Genesis 3.15 1.545
John 17.3 1.543
Psalms 2.1 1.543
James 1.17 1.537
2 Timothy 4.8 1.515
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase