Bible. -- N.T. -- Timothy, 2nd, IV, 7

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 0.8% 2.1%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 0.6% 2.1%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 96.0% 96.8%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text -inf% 3.2%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 1.7% 3.2%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% 0.8%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% 0.9%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 0.4% 1.0%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation -inf% 2.1%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation -inf% 2.1%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text -inf% 3.2%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation -inf% 2.1%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation -inf% 2.1%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.816
Evenness: 0.976
Part Prominence
Old Testament (ODRV) 22.219
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 10.623
New Testament (Vulgate) 9.34
New Testament (Geneva) 3.341
New Testament (ODRV) 3.253
New Testament (AKJV) 2.227
Diversity: 0.945
Evenness: 0.994
Book Prominence
Psalms (ODRV) 8.873
Hebrews (Vulgate) 4.913
Philippians (Vulgate) 4.89
1 Corinthians (Vulgate) 4.719
2 Timothy (ODRV) 4.708
Colossians (AKJV) 4.474
Ephesians (ODRV) 4.372
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 4.292
Philippians (ODRV) 4.251
Philippians (AKJV) 4.227
Luke (Geneva) 4.144
John (Geneva) 4.143
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 4.101
Luke (ODRV) 4.064
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 3.857
Romans (ODRV) 3.849
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 3.799
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 3.473
Romans (AKJV) 3.308
Diversity: 0.955
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 130 (ODRV) 8.33
Hebrews 4 (Vulgate) 4.165
Psalms 69 (ODRV) 4.164
Philippians 4 (Vulgate) 4.163
Ecclesiasticus 39 (Douay-Rheims) 4.152
Ecclesiasticus 5 (Douay-Rheims) 4.149
Luke 15 (Geneva) 4.136
2 Timothy 4 (ODRV) 4.126
1 Corinthians 13 (ODRV) 4.114
Luke 12 (ODRV) 4.112
1 Corinthians 15 (Vulgate) 4.107
Philippians 4 (ODRV) 4.104
2 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 4.103
1 Corinthians 1 (ODRV) 4.089
1 Corinthians 1 (Geneva) 4.083
John 1 (Geneva) 4.081
Romans 14 (ODRV) 4.077
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 4.041
1 Corinthians 10 (ODRV) 4.034
1 Corinthians 1 (AKJV) 4.018
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 4.009
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 3.95
Romans 13 (AKJV) 3.878
Diversity: 0.957
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Psalms 130.2 (ODRV) 7.998
Ecclesiasticus 39.38 (Douay-Rheims) 3.999
1 Corinthians 15.10 (Vulgate) 3.999
Philippians 4.13 (Vulgate) 3.999
Hebrews 4.16 (Vulgate) 3.999
1 Corinthians 13.11 (ODRV) 3.998
Luke 12.13 (ODRV) 3.998
Psalms 69.2 (ODRV) 3.998
Romans 14.1 (ODRV) 3.997
1 Corinthians 1.13 (AKJV) 3.996
Romans 13.13 (AKJV) 3.996
Philippians 4.13 (ODRV) 3.996
2 Timothy 4.7 (ODRV) 3.995
1 Corinthians 1.10 (ODRV) 3.994
1 Corinthians 1.10 (Geneva) 3.994
2 Corinthians 3.6 (AKJV) 3.994
Ephesians 4.7 (ODRV) 3.994
1 Corinthians 10.17 (ODRV) 3.992
Ecclesiasticus 5.8 (Douay-Rheims) 3.991
Romans 13.14 (AKJV) 3.99
Colossians 1.18 (AKJV) 3.985
Luke 15.10 (Geneva) 3.984
John 1.9 (Geneva) 3.982
Philippians 2.13 (AKJV) 3.977
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.875
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Titus 11.339
Daniel 11.168
Philippians 10.718
Job 10.25
Hebrews 9.716
Romans 8.769
Matthew 8.671
Psalms 7.466
Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Job 15 11.043
Psalms 130 11.037
Daniel 5 11.036
Psalms 17 11.031
Hebrews 4 10.949
Titus 3 10.899
Philippians 4 10.882
Matthew 16 10.873
Romans 13 10.533
Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Hebrews 4.16 49.974
Titus 3.10 49.973
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase