Early English Printed Sermons


Bible. -- O.T. -- Psalms IV, 4

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 5.7% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 4.1% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 91.2% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.3% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.8% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 6.6% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.8% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.3% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.889
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
New Testament (Wycliffe) 9.295
Old Testament (ODRV) 4.759
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.601
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.337
New Testament (Tyndale) 1.331
New Testament (Geneva) 0.166
New Testament (ODRV) 0.079
Old Testament (AKJV) -0.749
New Testament (AKJV) -0.947
Diversity: 0.975
Evenness: 0.994
Book Prominence
Hosea (AKJV) 4.017
Genesis (AKJV) 3.46
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 3.449
Habakkuk (Geneva) 2.098
Joel (AKJV) 2.067
Judges (Geneva) 2.023
Zechariah (Douay-Rheims) 2.019
John (Wycliffe) 1.991
James (Tyndale) 1.935
Judges (AKJV) 1.928
Lamentations (AKJV) 1.88
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 1.783
2 Samuel (AKJV) 1.779
James (Geneva) 1.771
Exodus (Geneva) 1.752
Jeremiah (Geneva) 1.747
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.74
1 John (Geneva) 1.726
Job (Douay-Rheims) 1.585
1 John (AKJV) 1.583
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.575
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.522
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.522
Acts (ODRV) 1.47
Hebrews (Geneva) 1.437
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.408
1 Peter (AKJV) 1.385
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.354
Acts (AKJV) 1.338
Luke (Geneva) 1.318
Psalms (ODRV) 1.047
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 1.03
Romans (ODRV) 1.022
John (AKJV) 1.014
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.973
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.874
Romans (Geneva) 0.779
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.765
Matthew (AKJV) 0.694
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.647
Psalms (Geneva) 0.499
Romans (AKJV) 0.482
Psalms (AKJV) -0.392
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.996
Chapter Prominence
Hosea 9 (AKJV) 3.115
2 Corinthians 13 (AKJV) 3.081
Genesis 2 (AKJV) 3.053
Exodus 11 (Geneva) 1.561
2 Samuel 9 (AKJV) 1.56
Jeremiah 20 (Geneva) 1.557
Job 27 (Douay-Rheims) 1.555
Psalms 43 (AKJV) 1.552
Job 39 (Douay-Rheims) 1.552
Luke 8 (Geneva) 1.549
Acts 26 (ODRV) 1.548
Psalms 10 (Geneva) 1.547
Zechariah 7 (Douay-Rheims) 1.547
John 11 (Wycliffe) 1.546
Psalms 4 (ODRV) 1.544
Psalms 77 (Geneva) 1.544
Jeremiah 2 (Geneva) 1.544
Habakkuk 2 (Geneva) 1.542
Joel 1 (AKJV) 1.541
Jeremiah 17 (AKJV) 1.54
Genesis 41 (AKJV) 1.54
Deuteronomy 6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.535
2 Corinthians 8 (ODRV) 1.534
James 1 (Tyndale) 1.533
Isaiah 44 (AKJV) 1.531
Judges 5 (Geneva) 1.53
Jeremiah 17 (Geneva) 1.529
1 Corinthians 8 (ODRV) 1.523
1 Corinthians 8 (Geneva) 1.523
Acts 26 (AKJV) 1.522
Genesis 6 (AKJV) 1.519
Psalms 77 (AKJV) 1.518
1 Corinthians 8 (AKJV) 1.518
Psalms 10 (AKJV) 1.516
Judges 5 (AKJV) 1.516
Proverbs 17 (AKJV) 1.51
Psalms 16 (Geneva) 1.503
Deuteronomy 32 (Geneva) 1.501
Psalms 50 (AKJV) 1.499
Psalms 14 (AKJV) 1.491
James 1 (Geneva) 1.49
Acts 17 (AKJV) 1.484
John 8 (AKJV) 1.481
1 Timothy 1 (AKJV) 1.481
Proverbs 20 (AKJV) 1.48
Matthew 22 (AKJV) 1.475
1 Corinthians 11 (Tyndale) 1.469
Romans 10 (AKJV) 1.462
Hebrews 10 (Geneva) 1.461
Romans 2 (ODRV) 1.459
2 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 1.457
1 John 2 (AKJV) 1.453
Lamentations 3 (AKJV) 1.453
1 John 3 (Geneva) 1.45
1 Corinthians 11 (ODRV) 1.432
Romans 2 (Geneva) 1.397
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 1.397
Romans 2 (AKJV) 1.394
1 John 3 (AKJV) 1.393
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 1.352
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 1.301
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.996
Verse Prominence
Hosea 9.14 (AKJV) 3.076
Genesis 2.7 (AKJV) 3.065
2 Corinthians 13.5 (AKJV) 3.065
Psalms 16.7 (Geneva) 1.538
John 8.7 (AKJV) 1.538
Romans 2.15 (ODRV) 1.538
Judges 5.29 (AKJV) 1.538
Jeremiah 20.7 (Geneva) 1.538
Job 27.9 (Douay-Rheims) 1.538
Luke 8.15 (Geneva) 1.538
1 Corinthians 11.21 (Tyndale) 1.538
2 Samuel 9.1 (AKJV) 1.538
Jeremiah 2.10 (Geneva) 1.538
Exodus 11.6 (Geneva) 1.538
Psalms 4.7 (ODRV) 1.537
Psalms 10.6 (Geneva) 1.537
Psalms 77.6 (Geneva) 1.537
Psalms 77.6 (AKJV) 1.537
James 1.26 (Geneva) 1.537
James 1.26 (Tyndale) 1.537
Isaiah 44.20 (AKJV) 1.537
Proverbs 17.28 (AKJV) 1.537
2 Corinthians 8.11 (ODRV) 1.537
Acts 26.32 (ODRV) 1.537
Judges 5.28 (Geneva) 1.536
Acts 26.27 (AKJV) 1.536
Genesis 41.9 (AKJV) 1.536
Joel 1.4 (AKJV) 1.536
Habakkuk 2.3 (Geneva) 1.536
Psalms 10.11 (AKJV) 1.535
Proverbs 20.27 (AKJV) 1.535
Job 39.34 (Douay-Rheims) 1.535
1 John 2.3 (AKJV) 1.534
Psalms 50.16 (AKJV) 1.534
Psalms 50.17 (AKJV) 1.534
Zechariah 7.11 (Douay-Rheims) 1.534
Romans 2.15 (AKJV) 1.533
1 Corinthians 8.3 (ODRV) 1.533
1 Corinthians 8.3 (AKJV) 1.533
1 Corinthians 8.3 (Geneva) 1.533
1 Corinthians 11.28 (AKJV) 1.533
Genesis 6.5 (AKJV) 1.532
Matthew 22.38 (AKJV) 1.532
Psalms 43.5 (AKJV) 1.532
2 Timothy 4.1 (AKJV) 1.532
John 11.14 (Wycliffe) 1.532
Jeremiah 17.9 (AKJV) 1.531
1 Corinthians 15.52 (Geneva) 1.529
Deuteronomy 6.5 (Douay-Rheims) 1.528
Hebrews 10.22 (Geneva) 1.528
1 Corinthians 11.28 (ODRV) 1.527
Acts 17.21 (AKJV) 1.526
1 John 3.20 (AKJV) 1.524
1 John 3.20 (Geneva) 1.524
Romans 2.15 (Geneva) 1.524
Lamentations 3.40 (AKJV) 1.523
Jeremiah 17.9 (Geneva) 1.521
Deuteronomy 32.29 (Geneva) 1.52
Romans 10.14 (AKJV) 1.517
1 Timothy 1.17 (AKJV) 1.512
Psalms 14.1 (AKJV) 1.489
1 Peter 5.11 (AKJV) 1.452
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.965
Evenness: 0.994
Book Prominence
2 Corinthians 3.854
1 Corinthians 3.034
Zephaniah 2.829
Habakkuk 2.582
1 Chronicles 2.453
Lamentations 2.409
Micah 2.254
Leviticus 2.139
Hosea 1.907
2 Chronicles 1.871
1 Kings 1.708
1 John 1.671
James 1.597
2 Timothy 1.591
2 Samuel 1.526
Ezekiel 1.496
Ephesians 1.077
Exodus 1.017
Deuteronomy 0.998
Jeremiah 0.886
Job 0.875
Genesis 0.667
Hebrews 0.341
Proverbs 0.178
Acts 0.112
John 0.055
Luke 0.023
Isaiah -0.166
Romans -0.606
Psalms -1.909
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
2 Corinthians 13 3.286
1 Corinthians 11 2.988
Genesis 44 1.687
2 Chronicles 21 1.678
2 Samuel 9 1.677
Zephaniah 2 1.672
Psalms 43 1.664
1 Chronicles 28 1.659
Genesis 24 1.656
Hosea 9 1.655
2 Samuel 17 1.653
Ezekiel 37 1.653
1 Kings 20 1.647
2 Samuel 6 1.641
Hosea 7 1.638
2 Samuel 7 1.631
Ezekiel 22 1.629
Jeremiah 4 1.619
Isaiah 44 1.614
Luke 3 1.608
Job 2 1.608
Deuteronomy 6 1.606
Exodus 3 1.605
Leviticus 26 1.604
Proverbs 4 1.603
Deuteronomy 4 1.602
2 Samuel 19 1.601
Jeremiah 17 1.593
Psalms 14 1.582
Proverbs 20 1.579
Habakkuk 2 1.574
Acts 26 1.571
Hosea 4 1.57
Isaiah 8 1.565
Psalms 10 1.563
Lamentations 3 1.561
Micah 6 1.558
Luke 24 1.554
Genesis 6 1.553
Psalms 4 1.534
Genesis 2 1.531
Isaiah 26 1.526
Psalms 51 1.516
Psalms 16 1.493
Psalms 50 1.488
John 8 1.48
1 Corinthians 14 1.477
1 John 2 1.475
Romans 10 1.46
2 Timothy 4 1.451
James 1 1.437
Deuteronomy 32 1.429
Hebrews 10 1.409
Acts 17 1.379
Romans 2 1.377
2 Corinthians 5 1.309
Ephesians 4 1.263
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
1 Corinthians 11.28 3.374
2 Corinthians 13.5 3.361
2 Samuel 19.43 1.694
2 Samuel 17.27 1.694
2 Samuel 17.28 1.694
Psalms 10.6 1.694
Luke 3.15 1.694
Job 2.12 1.694
Deuteronomy 4.39 1.693
2 Samuel 7.15 1.693
Leviticus 26.4 1.693
1 Kings 20.40 1.693
2 Chronicles 21.12 1.693
Isaiah 8.1 1.693
Isaiah 8.2 1.693
Acts 26.2 1.693
Psalms 16.7 1.692
Proverbs 4.21 1.692
Luke 24.17 1.692
2 Samuel 6.2 1.692
Ezekiel 22.14 1.691
Genesis 24.63 1.691
Hosea 9.14 1.691
John 8.9 1.69
1 John 2.3 1.69
Isaiah 44.20 1.69
Psalms 43.5 1.69
Hosea 7.11 1.69
2 Samuel 6.20 1.689
Zephaniah 2.1 1.688
Acts 17.21 1.688
Ephesians 4.26 1.687
Psalms 10.11 1.686
Lamentations 3.40 1.686
Deuteronomy 6.5 1.686
Hosea 4.11 1.685
Proverbs 20.27 1.684
1 Chronicles 28.9 1.684
Habakkuk 2.3 1.684
James 1.26 1.683
1 Corinthians 14.15 1.683
Psalms 4.4 1.682
Psalms 51.17 1.681
Jeremiah 4.14 1.681
2 Timothy 4.1 1.68
Proverbs 4.23 1.679
Romans 10.10 1.678
Hebrews 10.22 1.674
Romans 2.15 1.673
Jeremiah 17.9 1.672
Genesis 6.5 1.671
Psalms 50.21 1.668
Deuteronomy 32.29 1.667
Genesis 2.7 1.659
Isaiah 26.11 1.653
2 Corinthians 5.20 1.651
Micah 6.8 1.645
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase