Bible. -- O.T. -- Psalms XXXI, 21

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 1.5% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 1.2% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 94.5% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.6% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.2% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 4.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.3% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.6% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.88
Evenness: 0.985
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Vulgate) 8.254
Old Testament (AKJV) 8.14
Old Testament (ODRV) 3.648
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 1.49
Old Testament (Geneva) 0.225
New Testament (Tyndale) 0.219
New Testament (Geneva) -0.945
New Testament (ODRV) -1.032
New Testament (AKJV) -2.058
Diversity: 0.94
Evenness: 0.988
Book Prominence
Psalms (Geneva) 8.325
Psalms (AKJV) 7.434
Psalms (Vulgate) 4.858
4 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 4.791
1 Samuel (Geneva) 4.762
Daniel (Geneva) 4.703
2 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 4.667
1 Samuel (AKJV) 4.597
Genesis (Geneva) 4.412
Acts (ODRV) 4.296
Luke (Tyndale) 4.261
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 4.172
Luke (Geneva) 4.144
Proverbs (Geneva) 4.052
Psalms (ODRV) 3.873
Luke (AKJV) 3.823
Proverbs (AKJV) 3.591
Matthew (AKJV) 3.52
Diversity: 0.958
Evenness: 0.989
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 31 (Geneva) 6.877
Psalms 127 (AKJV) 6.857
Psalms 31 (AKJV) 6.855
Psalms 30 (Vulgate) 3.445
1 Samuel 20 (AKJV) 3.444
Psalms 87 (ODRV) 3.442
1 Samuel 18 (Geneva) 3.442
2 Kings 2 (Douay-Rheims) 3.441
4 Kings 10 (Douay-Rheims) 3.441
Psalms 150 (AKJV) 3.437
Proverbs 25 (Douay-Rheims) 3.435
Proverbs 13 (Geneva) 3.432
Psalms 67 (AKJV) 3.432
Genesis 8 (Geneva) 3.429
Daniel 3 (Geneva) 3.422
Psalms 92 (AKJV) 3.413
Luke 1 (Geneva) 3.409
Acts 8 (ODRV) 3.405
Psalms 113 (ODRV) 3.402
Luke 12 (Tyndale) 3.401
Proverbs 10 (Geneva) 3.396
Psalms 16 (AKJV) 3.394
Proverbs 10 (AKJV) 3.394
Psalms 33 (AKJV) 3.387
Luke 1 (AKJV) 3.351
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 3.277
Diversity: 0.958
Evenness: 0.989
Verse Prominence
Psalms 31.21 (Geneva) 6.895
Psalms 31.21 (AKJV) 6.894
Psalms 127.1 (AKJV) 6.867
Luke 1.68 (Geneva) 3.447
Psalms 113.4 (ODRV) 3.447
Psalms 30.25 (Vulgate) 3.447
2 Kings 2.8 (Douay-Rheims) 3.447
Proverbs 13.4 (Geneva) 3.447
4 Kings 10.4 (Douay-Rheims) 3.447
Daniel 3.5 (Geneva) 3.447
1 Samuel 18.7 (Geneva) 3.446
1 Samuel 20.33 (AKJV) 3.446
Luke 12.25 (Tyndale) 3.446
Acts 8.34 (ODRV) 3.446
Psalms 87.7 (ODRV) 3.445
Psalms 150.4 (AKJV) 3.445
Genesis 8.9 (Geneva) 3.444
Luke 1.69 (AKJV) 3.444
Proverbs 25.11 (Douay-Rheims) 3.444
Proverbs 10.4 (AKJV) 3.444
Psalms 16.1 (AKJV) 3.443
Psalms 67.6 (AKJV) 3.442
Psalms 92.1 (AKJV) 3.442
Proverbs 10.4 (Geneva) 3.441
Psalms 33.17 (AKJV) 3.436
Matthew 6.9 (AKJV) 3.431
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.875
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
1 Chronicles 11.828
Daniel 11.168
1 Kings 11.083
2 Samuel 10.901
1 Samuel 10.783
Proverbs 9.553
Romans 8.769
Psalms 7.466
Diversity: 0.959
Evenness: 0.996
Chapter Prominence
1 Samuel 27 7.68
1 Samuel 29 3.842
1 Chronicles 15 3.829
1 Samuel 21 3.828
1 Samuel 19 3.822
1 Samuel 23 3.822
1 Chronicles 12 3.822
2 Samuel 4 3.821
1 Samuel 20 3.816
1 Samuel 18 3.808
1 Samuel 22 3.805
Psalms 127 3.797
2 Samuel 20 3.793
1 Samuel 16 3.789
2 Samuel 16 3.783
1 Samuel 14 3.783
1 Samuel 17 3.779
2 Samuel 2 3.777
1 Samuel 25 3.764
2 Samuel 3 3.759
Psalms 31 3.754
1 Kings 18 3.751
Proverbs 15 3.742
Daniel 3 3.717
Romans 9 3.612
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
1 Samuel 27.2 5.712
1 Samuel 17.24 2.856
1 Samuel 18.27 2.856
1 Samuel 23.20 2.856
1 Samuel 29.8 2.856
1 Samuel 27.6 2.856
2 Samuel 3.8 2.856
2 Samuel 4.2 2.856
1 Samuel 23.6 2.856
Psalms 31.21 2.855
1 Samuel 20.33 2.855
1 Samuel 21.6 2.855
1 Samuel 21.10 2.855
1 Samuel 22.3 2.855
1 Samuel 22.1 2.855
1 Chronicles 12.1 2.855
2 Samuel 2.1 2.855
2 Samuel 16.5 2.854
1 Samuel 19.1 2.854
Daniel 3.5 2.854
1 Chronicles 12.22 2.853
2 Samuel 2.4 2.853
1 Samuel 22.18 2.852
2 Samuel 2.8 2.852
2 Samuel 2.9 2.852
1 Samuel 21.9 2.851
1 Samuel 25.11 2.851
1 Kings 18.44 2.851
1 Samuel 22.2 2.85
1 Samuel 14.50 2.849
Proverbs 15.23 2.848
1 Samuel 16.13 2.847
2 Samuel 20.1 2.846
Psalms 127.1 2.837
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase