Bible. -- O.T. -- Samuel, 2nd, XVIII, 18

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 7.6% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 4.4% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 81.6% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 9.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 7.0% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.815
Evenness: 0.941
Part Prominence
Old Testament (AKJV) 21.473
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 7.448
Old Testament (ODRV) 4.759
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 2.601
Old Testament (Geneva) 1.337
New Testament (Geneva) 0.166
New Testament (AKJV) -0.947
Diversity: 0.898
Evenness: 0.964
Book Prominence
Psalms (AKJV) 17.434
2 Samuel (AKJV) 12.939
Esther (Geneva) 6.613
Judith (Douay-Rheims) 6.6
2 Samuel (Geneva) 6.442
2 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 6.334
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 6.171
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 5.852
Psalms (ODRV) 5.54
Romans (Geneva) 5.272
Matthew (AKJV) 5.187
Psalms (Geneva) 4.992
Diversity: 0.938
Evenness: 0.975
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 107 (AKJV) 12.905
2 Samuel 18 (AKJV) 8.68
2 Samuel 15 (AKJV) 8.664
Judith 15 (Douay-Rheims) 4.347
Esther 2 (Geneva) 4.344
Psalms 35 (ODRV) 4.34
Psalms 36 (Geneva) 4.339
2 Samuel 15 (Geneva) 4.329
2 Kings 18 (Douay-Rheims) 4.328
Psalms 105 (Geneva) 4.318
2 Kings 15 (Douay-Rheims) 4.316
Psalms 36 (AKJV) 4.31
Matthew 27 (AKJV) 4.299
Ecclesiastes 1 (AKJV) 4.298
Psalms 124 (AKJV) 4.286
Psalms 105 (AKJV) 4.284
Ecclesiastes 3 (Geneva) 4.275
Ecclesiastes 3 (AKJV) 4.236
Romans 13 (Geneva) 4.083
Diversity: 0.959
Evenness: 0.983
Verse Prominence
Psalms 107.31 (AKJV) 9.348
2 Samuel 18.28 (AKJV) 6.245
2 Samuel 15.6 (AKJV) 6.242
Psalms 105.5 (Geneva) 3.124
Ecclesiastes 3.15 (Geneva) 3.124
2 Samuel 15.5 (AKJV) 3.124
2 Kings 15.10 (Douay-Rheims) 3.124
2 Kings 15.12 (Douay-Rheims) 3.124
Psalms 35.3 (ODRV) 3.124
Judith 15.5 (Douay-Rheims) 3.124
Esther 2.21 (Geneva) 3.124
2 Samuel 15.6 (Geneva) 3.123
2 Kings 15.7 (Douay-Rheims) 3.123
Psalms 36.2 (AKJV) 3.123
Psalms 36.3 (AKJV) 3.123
2 Samuel 15.12 (Geneva) 3.122
Psalms 36.4 (Geneva) 3.122
Ecclesiastes 3.15 (AKJV) 3.121
Psalms 105.18 (AKJV) 3.121
Psalms 124.5 (AKJV) 3.12
Matthew 27.8 (AKJV) 3.12
Psalms 107.21 (AKJV) 3.119
Psalms 107.27 (AKJV) 3.118
2 Kings 18.28 (Douay-Rheims) 3.118
Ecclesiastes 1.9 (AKJV) 3.117
2 Kings 15.31 (Douay-Rheims) 3.111
Psalms 107.15 (AKJV) 3.108
Romans 13.1 (Geneva) 2.981
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.0
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 52.995
Diversity: 0.667
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Esther 32.855
2 Samuel 31.735
Psalms 28.299
Diversity: 0.8
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Esther 2 19.986
2 Samuel 21 19.944
Psalms 36 19.92
2 Samuel 18 19.908
2 Samuel 15 19.905
Diversity: 0.9
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Psalms 36.2 9.997
Esther 2.21 9.997
2 Samuel 21.16 9.996
2 Samuel 15.5 9.995
2 Samuel 15.12 9.995
Psalms 36.3 9.995
2 Samuel 15.6 9.994
Psalms 36.4 9.994
2 Samuel 15.7 9.991
2 Samuel 18.28 9.989
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase