Bishops -- England

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 7.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 5.0% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 88.9% 99.6%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.9% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.3% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 7.4% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 2.7% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.9% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.6% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.6% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent matching citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.917
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Vulgate) 6.587
New Testament (Wycliffe) 6.517
Apocrypha (AKJV) 3.612
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.388
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.981
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -0.177
Old Testament (Geneva) -1.441
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.447
New Testament (Geneva) -2.612
New Testament (ODRV) -2.699
Old Testament (AKJV) -3.527
New Testament (AKJV) -3.725
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
Romans (AKJV) 2.106
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.964
Jeremiah (Vulgate) 1.242
Proverbs (Vulgate) 1.219
1 Timothy (Vulgate) 1.206
Luke (Wycliffe) 1.171
2 Thessalonians (Geneva) 1.091
John (Wycliffe) 1.083
Mark (AKJV) 1.052
Romans (Vulgate) 1.047
Matthew (Vulgate) 1.012
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.012
1 Timothy (Tyndale) 1.004
Numbers (AKJV) 0.986
Titus (ODRV) 0.985
Ezekiel (Geneva) 0.979
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 0.976
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 0.941
Ezekiel (AKJV) 0.876
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 0.875
1 Samuel (AKJV) 0.863
Galatians (Tyndale) 0.861
Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) 0.861
Philippians (Geneva) 0.849
Jeremiah (Geneva) 0.839
1 Peter (ODRV) 0.823
1 John (Geneva) 0.818
Hebrews (Tyndale) 0.816
2 Peter (AKJV) 0.814
2 Peter (Geneva) 0.812
Galatians (Geneva) 0.795
Titus (AKJV) 0.786
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 0.77
1 Peter (Tyndale) 0.757
1 Timothy (ODRV) 0.755
Acts (Geneva) 0.736
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 0.695
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.677
Galatians (ODRV) 0.676
1 John (AKJV) 0.675
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.654
1 Timothy (AKJV) 0.614
Galatians (AKJV) 0.606
Job (Geneva) 0.555
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.528
Luke (Tyndale) 0.527
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.477
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 0.451
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.446
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.438
Acts (AKJV) 0.43
John (Tyndale) 0.429
Luke (Geneva) 0.41
John (Geneva) 0.409
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.377
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.374
Romans (Tyndale) 0.347
Luke (ODRV) 0.33
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.318
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.244
John (ODRV) 0.217
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.182
Psalms (ODRV) 0.139
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.122
Romans (ODRV) 0.114
John (AKJV) 0.106
Matthew (Geneva) 0.095
Luke (AKJV) 0.089
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.065
Isaiah (AKJV) -0.034
Matthew (ODRV) -0.092
Romans (Geneva) -0.129
Matthew (AKJV) -0.214
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.261
Psalms (Geneva) -0.409
Psalms (AKJV) -1.3
Diversity: 0.991
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
Romans 10 (AKJV) 2.358
John 16 (AKJV) 1.563
1 Peter 2 (Geneva) 1.517
Psalms 137 (ODRV) 0.819
Jeremiah 48 (Vulgate) 0.819
Luke 8 (Wycliffe) 0.817
1 Timothy 3 (Vulgate) 0.816
Romans 15 (Vulgate) 0.816
Matthew 13 (Vulgate) 0.815
Proverbs 21 (Vulgate) 0.815
Isaiah 2 (Geneva) 0.814
1 Kings 8 (Douay-Rheims) 0.814
Matthew 24 (Vulgate) 0.813
Matthew 16 (Vulgate) 0.813
Numbers 30 (AKJV) 0.813
1 Timothy 5 (Vulgate) 0.812
Jeremiah 48 (Geneva) 0.811
Acts 28 (Geneva) 0.811
Ezekiel 33 (Geneva) 0.811
John 16 (Wycliffe) 0.81
Ezekiel 11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.808
Job 24 (Geneva) 0.807
Isaiah 48 (AKJV) 0.805
Deuteronomy 17 (Geneva) 0.804
Proverbs 25 (Geneva) 0.804
Deuteronomy 17 (AKJV) 0.803
Acts 28 (AKJV) 0.803
Matthew 9 (Geneva) 0.803
Acts 14 (Geneva) 0.802
Psalms 110 (ODRV) 0.802
Luke 4 (AKJV) 0.8
Mark 16 (AKJV) 0.797
Job 20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.797
John 9 (Tyndale) 0.796
Acts 5 (Geneva) 0.795
1 Timothy 6 (Tyndale) 0.793
1 Samuel 3 (AKJV) 0.793
1 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 0.792
Ezekiel 33 (AKJV) 0.792
Acts 10 (AKJV) 0.791
Acts 15 (AKJV) 0.79
Isaiah 28 (AKJV) 0.783
John 20 (Tyndale) 0.783
2 Thessalonians 3 (Geneva) 0.782
John 20 (Geneva) 0.782
Proverbs 9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.781
Matthew 23 (Tyndale) 0.781
Hebrews 11 (Tyndale) 0.78
Ecclesiastes 3 (Douay-Rheims) 0.78
Ecclesiastes 1 (Geneva) 0.779
Romans 10 (Tyndale) 0.778
Matthew 18 (Geneva) 0.778
1 Corinthians 6 (ODRV) 0.776
John 10 (Geneva) 0.776
Isaiah 53 (AKJV) 0.776
Matthew 15 (ODRV) 0.775
Ecclesiasticus 33 (AKJV) 0.772
Ecclesiastes 1 (AKJV) 0.77
1 Peter 5 (Tyndale) 0.769
John 8 (Geneva) 0.768
1 Thessalonians 5 (Tyndale) 0.766
Psalms 115 (Geneva) 0.766
Matthew 24 (ODRV) 0.765
John 12 (ODRV) 0.764
Luke 9 (ODRV) 0.763
John 10 (AKJV) 0.763
Luke 11 (AKJV) 0.761
Philippians 1 (Geneva) 0.759
1 Corinthians 7 (Tyndale) 0.759
1 Timothy 5 (AKJV) 0.759
Ephesians 3 (AKJV) 0.758
Galatians 6 (Geneva) 0.754
Luke 16 (Tyndale) 0.752
1 Timothy 5 (ODRV) 0.746
Matthew 13 (ODRV) 0.745
Romans 3 (Geneva) 0.742
Romans 10 (Geneva) 0.741
Luke 16 (AKJV) 0.739
Matthew 24 (Geneva) 0.738
John 10 (ODRV) 0.738
Galatians 5 (Tyndale) 0.737
Romans 15 (ODRV) 0.734
Luke 12 (Geneva) 0.734
John 8 (ODRV) 0.733
Matthew 22 (AKJV) 0.732
Matthew 16 (AKJV) 0.731
Titus 1 (AKJV) 0.724
Matthew 23 (AKJV) 0.721
1 Timothy 3 (AKJV) 0.72
Galatians 5 (ODRV) 0.718
1 Corinthians 6 (AKJV) 0.717
Hebrews 11 (Geneva) 0.715
Romans 1 (Geneva) 0.711
Matthew 23 (Geneva) 0.71
Galatians 5 (Geneva) 0.71
1 Peter 2 (ODRV) 0.708
1 John 3 (Geneva) 0.708
Romans 1 (AKJV) 0.707
1 Corinthians 7 (AKJV) 0.705
Matthew 22 (ODRV) 0.697
Psalms 119 (Geneva) 0.693
Titus 2 (ODRV) 0.691
1 Corinthians 11 (ODRV) 0.689
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 0.689
2 Peter 1 (Geneva) 0.679
1 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.677
2 Peter 1 (AKJV) 0.672
Galatians 5 (AKJV) 0.657
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 0.655
1 John 3 (AKJV) 0.65
Romans 8 (ODRV) 0.647
Hebrews 11 (AKJV) 0.617
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 0.611
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.595
1 Corinthians 15 (Geneva) 0.559
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 0.556
Romans 13 (Geneva) 0.555
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.485
Diversity: 0.992
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
Romans 10.14 (AKJV) 2.251
1 Peter 2.25 (Geneva) 1.51
John 16.13 (AKJV) 1.5
Acts 14.22 (Geneva) 0.757
1 Corinthians 6.5 (AKJV) 0.757
Psalms 137.6 (ODRV) 0.757
Philippians 1.8 (Geneva) 0.757
Matthew 24.50 (ODRV) 0.757
Matthew 13.3 (Vulgate) 0.757
Luke 8.5 (Wycliffe) 0.757
Matthew 24.45 (Vulgate) 0.757
Jeremiah 48.10 (Vulgate) 0.757
Isaiah 2.18 (Geneva) 0.757
Romans 15.4 (Vulgate) 0.757
Isaiah 48.4 (AKJV) 0.757
Deuteronomy 17.17 (Geneva) 0.757
Deuteronomy 17.17 (AKJV) 0.757
Proverbs 21.1 (Vulgate) 0.757
1 Samuel 3.2 (AKJV) 0.757
Luke 4.43 (AKJV) 0.757
Galatians 5.2 (AKJV) 0.757
Galatians 5.2 (Geneva) 0.757
Matthew 9.36 (Geneva) 0.757
Acts 5.4 (Geneva) 0.757
Ezekiel 33.32 (AKJV) 0.757
Job 20.21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.757
Matthew 23.3 (Geneva) 0.756
Job 24.13 (Geneva) 0.756
Matthew 24.45 (Geneva) 0.756
1 Timothy 3.1 (Vulgate) 0.756
Matthew 16.6 (Vulgate) 0.756
2 Thessalonians 3.7 (Geneva) 0.756
Proverbs 25.2 (Geneva) 0.756
Deuteronomy 17.18 (Geneva) 0.756
Deuteronomy 17.19 (AKJV) 0.756
Acts 28.22 (Geneva) 0.756
1 Kings 8.3 (Douay-Rheims) 0.756
Hebrews 11.13 (Geneva) 0.756
Acts 10.12 (AKJV) 0.756
Ephesians 3.5 (AKJV) 0.756
Ecclesiasticus 33.13 (AKJV) 0.756
John 9.28 (Tyndale) 0.756
Ezekiel 33.32 (Geneva) 0.756
Matthew 13.24 (ODRV) 0.755
1 Corinthians 6.5 (ODRV) 0.755
1 Corinthians 6.1 (AKJV) 0.755
Deuteronomy 17.15 (AKJV) 0.755
Romans 10.13 (Geneva) 0.755
Acts 28.22 (AKJV) 0.755
Titus 1.3 (AKJV) 0.755
1 Timothy 5.22 (AKJV) 0.755
Matthew 23.2 (Tyndale) 0.755
Ecclesiastes 1.8 (Geneva) 0.755
Matthew 22.29 (ODRV) 0.755
Acts 15.28 (AKJV) 0.755
Numbers 30.2 (AKJV) 0.755
Isaiah 53.6 (AKJV) 0.755
1 Corinthians 7.3 (Tyndale) 0.754
Luke 11.21 (AKJV) 0.754
Hebrews 11.14 (AKJV) 0.754
Hebrews 11.16 (Geneva) 0.754
1 Corinthians 5.5 (Geneva) 0.754
John 10.11 (AKJV) 0.754
1 Corinthians 11.25 (ODRV) 0.754
John 12.36 (ODRV) 0.753
1 Timothy 6.16 (Tyndale) 0.753
Isaiah 28.24 (AKJV) 0.753
1 Peter 5.8 (Tyndale) 0.753
Matthew 5.14 (ODRV) 0.753
Ecclesiastes 1.8 (AKJV) 0.753
Ecclesiastes 3.19 (Douay-Rheims) 0.753
Romans 1.23 (AKJV) 0.753
Galatians 6.5 (Geneva) 0.753
John 16.11 (Wycliffe) 0.752
John 8.44 (Geneva) 0.752
Romans 13.13 (Geneva) 0.752
Luke 9.62 (ODRV) 0.752
1 Corinthians 7.20 (AKJV) 0.752
1 Timothy 5.17 (Vulgate) 0.752
1 Peter 1.23 (AKJV) 0.752
John 20.21 (Tyndale) 0.752
Matthew 15.24 (ODRV) 0.752
Psalms 119.105 (AKJV) 0.752
Romans 1.22 (Geneva) 0.752
Romans 1.22 (AKJV) 0.752
Galatians 5.1 (Geneva) 0.752
Ezekiel 11.19 (Douay-Rheims) 0.751
Matthew 22.14 (AKJV) 0.751
Jeremiah 48.10 (Geneva) 0.751
Hebrews 11.16 (Tyndale) 0.751
1 Peter 5.4 (AKJV) 0.751
1 Peter 2.9 (ODRV) 0.75
John 10.11 (Geneva) 0.75
Psalms 119.105 (Geneva) 0.75
John 10.27 (ODRV) 0.75
Matthew 23.2 (AKJV) 0.749
Matthew 24.12 (ODRV) 0.749
1 Corinthians 15.53 (AKJV) 0.749
Galatians 5.16 (Tyndale) 0.748
Galatians 5.1 (ODRV) 0.748
1 Thessalonians 5.5 (Tyndale) 0.747
Mark 16.15 (AKJV) 0.747
Matthew 18.17 (Geneva) 0.747
John 8.44 (ODRV) 0.746
Matthew 7.15 (AKJV) 0.746
Luke 16.9 (Tyndale) 0.746
Luke 12.19 (Geneva) 0.746
Psalms 110.10 (ODRV) 0.745
Psalms 115.3 (Geneva) 0.745
1 John 3.20 (Geneva) 0.743
1 John 3.20 (AKJV) 0.743
Romans 3.18 (Geneva) 0.743
Romans 10.17 (Tyndale) 0.743
John 20.23 (Geneva) 0.743
Luke 16.9 (AKJV) 0.743
Romans 8.14 (ODRV) 0.741
1 Peter 5.2 (Tyndale) 0.74
1 Corinthians 11.20 (ODRV) 0.738
Romans 15.4 (ODRV) 0.737
2 Peter 1.21 (AKJV) 0.737
2 Peter 1.21 (Geneva) 0.737
Matthew 16.26 (AKJV) 0.736
1 Timothy 3.1 (AKJV) 0.733
Ephesians 4.11 (AKJV) 0.731
Proverbs 9.10 (Douay-Rheims) 0.73
Titus 2.12 (ODRV) 0.72
1 Timothy 5.17 (ODRV) 0.719
1 Corinthians 15.53 (Geneva) 0.714
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.959
Evenness: 0.992
Book Prominence
Numbers 5.745
Romans 3.412
Titus 2.41
Mark 2.289
2 Peter 2.183
1 Kings 2.155
Ezekiel 1.943
1 Samuel 1.854
1 Timothy 1.773
Galatians 1.745
1 Peter 1.563
Ephesians 1.523
Exodus 1.463
Deuteronomy 1.445
Jeremiah 1.333
Job 1.321
2 Corinthians 1.175
Genesis 1.113
Hebrews 0.788
Acts 0.559
John 0.501
Luke 0.47
1 Corinthians 0.355
Isaiah 0.281
Matthew -0.258
Psalms -1.462
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.992
Chapter Prominence
Numbers 30 3.154
John 16 2.987
1 Peter 5 2.981
Matthew 28 2.919
Romans 1 2.754
Ephesians 4 2.742
Mark 15 1.561
Exodus 5 1.546
Jeremiah 48 1.543
1 Samuel 8 1.536
Acts 28 1.507
Luke 4 1.501
Genesis 17 1.496
Ezekiel 33 1.486
Deuteronomy 17 1.482
1 Kings 22 1.481
Job 3 1.463
1 Corinthians 5 1.457
Ephesians 3 1.45
Luke 18 1.45
Matthew 9 1.445
Romans 15 1.434
Hebrews 4 1.425
John 20 1.424
1 Timothy 3 1.422
John 10 1.412
Acts 15 1.41
Luke 13 1.408
1 Peter 4 1.402
Galatians 3 1.401
Acts 5 1.399
1 Timothy 5 1.368
Luke 1 1.364
Titus 2 1.353
Romans 10 1.352
Matthew 11 1.351
Luke 16 1.347
Matthew 13 1.346
Matthew 18 1.345
Matthew 23 1.341
Matthew 22 1.335
2 Peter 1 1.334
Galatians 5 1.316
Isaiah 1 1.307
Matthew 6 1.289
1 Corinthians 1 1.271
Luke 12 1.263
Matthew 7 1.259
1 Peter 1 1.226
2 Corinthians 5 1.201
Hebrews 13 1.196
1 Corinthians 11 1.185
1 Corinthians 15 1.144
1 Peter 2 1.135
Hebrews 11 1.092
Matthew 5 1.087
Psalms 119 1.063
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Numbers 30.2 2.927
John 16.13 2.917
1 Peter 5.4 2.913
Matthew 28.19 2.856
Mark 15.24 1.47
1 Samuel 8.1 1.47
Luke 1.3 1.469
Luke 4.43 1.469
Exodus 5.6 1.469
Matthew 7.19 1.468
Exodus 5.7 1.468
Luke 1.2 1.467
Genesis 17.6 1.466
Job 3.3 1.466
Matthew 13.3 1.466
Ephesians 3.5 1.465
Acts 15.7 1.465
Acts 28.22 1.465
Romans 1.15 1.465
Matthew 9.36 1.464
Luke 13.26 1.464
Luke 16.8 1.464
Isaiah 1.22 1.464
1 Corinthians 11.24 1.463
Luke 12.1 1.463
Hebrews 11.14 1.462
Galatians 5.2 1.462
Matthew 23.3 1.462
John 10.27 1.461
Romans 1.23 1.461
1 Peter 1.25 1.461
2 Peter 1.21 1.46
Galatians 3.3 1.46
1 Corinthians 1.3 1.46
Deuteronomy 17.19 1.46
Deuteronomy 17.15 1.46
John 10.11 1.459
Matthew 22.29 1.459
Isaiah 1.21 1.459
1 Peter 2.25 1.458
1 Peter 1.23 1.456
1 Timothy 3.1 1.456
Ezekiel 33.31 1.455
1 Corinthians 5.4 1.454
Matthew 6.9 1.454
John 20.23 1.453
Acts 5.4 1.452
1 Peter 4.15 1.452
1 Samuel 8.7 1.452
Matthew 18.17 1.451
Galatians 5.1 1.451
1 Peter 1.12 1.449
1 Corinthians 15.54 1.448
Luke 12.19 1.446
Luke 16.9 1.444
John 20.21 1.44
1 Peter 1.24 1.436
Hebrews 4.12 1.432
Psalms 119.105 1.421
Titus 2.12 1.419
Romans 1.16 1.418
Hebrews 13.17 1.411
2 Corinthians 5.10 1.41
Matthew 28.20 1.404
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase