Church

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 13.5% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 7.7% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 79.7% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.4% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 20.0% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 4.3% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.893
Evenness: 0.987
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Geneva) 8.407
Apocrypha (AKJV) 4.37
New Testament (Vulgate) 4.145
Old Testament (ODRV) 2.739
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.581
New Testament (Tyndale) -0.69
New Testament (Geneva) -1.854
New Testament (ODRV) -1.941
Old Testament (AKJV) -2.769
New Testament (AKJV) -2.968
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.993
Book Prominence
1 Peter (ODRV) 2.947
2 Peter (Geneva) 2.936
Genesis (Geneva) 2.802
1 Peter (AKJV) 2.601
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 2.527
Nehemiah (Douay-Rheims) 1.625
Hebrews (Vulgate) 1.608
Jonah (AKJV) 1.58
Jonah (Geneva) 1.579
Mark (Geneva) 1.507
Mark (AKJV) 1.481
Leviticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.476
1 Corinthians (Vulgate) 1.414
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 1.37
2 Esdras (AKJV) 1.337
Philippians (Geneva) 1.278
Exodus (Geneva) 1.273
Ephesians (Tyndale) 1.259
1 John (Tyndale) 1.252
2 Peter (AKJV) 1.243
Genesis (ODRV) 1.154
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 1.124
Exodus (AKJV) 1.121
Job (Douay-Rheims) 1.106
Galatians (ODRV) 1.105
Revelation (ODRV) 1.089
Ephesians (ODRV) 1.066
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.043
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.043
Galatians (AKJV) 1.035
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.963
Philippians (AKJV) 0.921
Acts (AKJV) 0.859
John (Tyndale) 0.858
John (Geneva) 0.838
Genesis (AKJV) 0.807
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.804
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.747
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.673
John (ODRV) 0.646
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.611
Romans (ODRV) 0.543
John (AKJV) 0.535
Matthew (Geneva) 0.524
Luke (AKJV) 0.518
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.494
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.395
Matthew (ODRV) 0.337
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.286
Matthew (AKJV) 0.215
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.168
Psalms (Geneva) 0.02
Romans (AKJV) 0.003
Psalms (AKJV) -0.871
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
Genesis 8 (Geneva) 2.28
Isaiah 11 (Douay-Rheims) 2.263
1 Peter 3 (ODRV) 2.251
1 Peter 3 (AKJV) 2.208
2 Peter 1 (Geneva) 2.158
2 Peter 3 (Geneva) 2.152
Ezekiel 40 (Douay-Rheims) 1.149
Hebrews 12 (Vulgate) 1.146
Isaiah 34 (Douay-Rheims) 1.145
Exodus 40 (AKJV) 1.144
Leviticus 16 (Douay-Rheims) 1.143
Nehemiah 13 (Douay-Rheims) 1.142
Deuteronomy 20 (AKJV) 1.141
Job 26 (Douay-Rheims) 1.14
Genesis 7 (Geneva) 1.14
Mark 4 (AKJV) 1.138
Psalms 26 (Geneva) 1.138
Isaiah 56 (Geneva) 1.138
Genesis 8 (ODRV) 1.137
Genesis 8 (AKJV) 1.136
Isaiah 66 (AKJV) 1.134
Psalms 46 (Geneva) 1.131
Jeremiah 50 (AKJV) 1.131
Isaiah 56 (Douay-Rheims) 1.131
Jonah 1 (AKJV) 1.13
2 Esdras 8 (AKJV) 1.127
Jonah 1 (Geneva) 1.126
Psalms 95 (Geneva) 1.123
1 Corinthians 12 (Vulgate) 1.12
Mark 16 (Geneva) 1.118
Philippians 4 (Geneva) 1.115
Psalms 69 (AKJV) 1.115
Proverbs 14 (Geneva) 1.115
Exodus 20 (AKJV) 1.114
Exodus 20 (Geneva) 1.114
Psalms 97 (AKJV) 1.107
Isaiah 43 (AKJV) 1.107
Genesis 6 (AKJV) 1.106
Isaiah 58 (AKJV) 1.102
Hebrews 3 (AKJV) 1.099
Psalms 106 (Geneva) 1.099
Revelation 14 (ODRV) 1.094
Ephesians 1 (ODRV) 1.093
1 John 2 (Tyndale) 1.091
Psalms 39 (AKJV) 1.09
Matthew 28 (ODRV) 1.09
Matthew 13 (Geneva) 1.088
Hebrews 9 (ODRV) 1.085
Acts 2 (AKJV) 1.085
Psalms 18 (AKJV) 1.079
Matthew 16 (Tyndale) 1.078
Galatians 3 (ODRV) 1.078
Genesis 2 (AKJV) 1.077
Matthew 15 (AKJV) 1.076
Ephesians 4 (Tyndale) 1.075
1 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 1.073
Hebrews 4 (AKJV) 1.072
John 10 (ODRV) 1.068
Matthew 24 (Geneva) 1.067
John 1 (Geneva) 1.064
1 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 1.054
Luke 13 (AKJV) 1.054
John 3 (AKJV) 1.053
2 Peter 3 (AKJV) 1.051
John 6 (Tyndale) 1.046
Matthew 25 (ODRV) 1.041
Matthew 7 (ODRV) 1.038
Proverbs 16 (AKJV) 1.037
John 3 (Geneva) 1.033
Romans 6 (ODRV) 1.027
Galatians 6 (AKJV) 1.026
Psalms 78 (AKJV) 1.023
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 1.019
Hebrews 12 (AKJV) 1.001
1 Corinthians 10 (Geneva) 0.982
Matthew 6 (AKJV) 0.978
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.959
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 0.933
1 Corinthians 15 (AKJV) 0.924
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 0.886
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 0.875
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
Genesis 8.19 (Geneva) 1.999
1 Peter 3.20 (ODRV) 1.999
Genesis 6.16 (AKJV) 1.998
1 Peter 3.20 (AKJV) 1.996
2 Peter 3.6 (Geneva) 1.996
Isaiah 11.6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.985
2 Peter 1.10 (Geneva) 1.959
Job 26.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.999
Proverbs 16.25 (AKJV) 0.999
Isaiah 66.15 (AKJV) 0.999
Exodus 40.16 (AKJV) 0.999
Hebrews 12.15 (AKJV) 0.999
Genesis 6.14 (AKJV) 0.999
John 10.1 (ODRV) 0.999
Ezekiel 40.30 (Douay-Rheims) 0.999
Psalms 69.1 (AKJV) 0.999
Genesis 8.6 (ODRV) 0.999
Isaiah 34.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.999
Genesis 8.10 (Geneva) 0.999
Genesis 8.10 (AKJV) 0.999
Matthew 24.20 (Geneva) 0.999
Isaiah 58.13 (AKJV) 0.999
Isaiah 58.14 (AKJV) 0.999
Isaiah 56.2 (Douay-Rheims) 0.999
Nehemiah 13.18 (Douay-Rheims) 0.999
Psalms 95.11 (Geneva) 0.999
Psalms 78.17 (AKJV) 0.999
Hebrews 12.29 (Vulgate) 0.999
Psalms 97.5 (AKJV) 0.999
Psalms 97.4 (AKJV) 0.999
Leviticus 16.31 (Douay-Rheims) 0.998
Psalms 97.3 (AKJV) 0.998
Psalms 46.2 (Geneva) 0.998
Jonah 1.4 (AKJV) 0.998
Jonah 1.4 (Geneva) 0.998
Philippians 4.6 (Geneva) 0.998
Ephesians 4.21 (Tyndale) 0.998
Jeremiah 50.23 (AKJV) 0.998
Psalms 18.4 (AKJV) 0.998
Isaiah 56.2 (Geneva) 0.998
Isaiah 66.16 (AKJV) 0.998
Matthew 6.19 (AKJV) 0.998
Proverbs 14.12 (Geneva) 0.998
Mark 4.39 (AKJV) 0.997
Matthew 25.12 (ODRV) 0.997
Psalms 26.8 (Geneva) 0.997
John 3.7 (AKJV) 0.997
Psalms 106.15 (Geneva) 0.997
Revelation 14.11 (ODRV) 0.997
Romans 6.1 (AKJV) 0.997
Ephesians 1.23 (ODRV) 0.996
1 Corinthians 15.34 (AKJV) 0.996
1 Corinthians 12.20 (Vulgate) 0.996
Acts 2.47 (AKJV) 0.996
Genesis 8.9 (Geneva) 0.996
2 Peter 3.7 (AKJV) 0.996
Matthew 7.22 (AKJV) 0.995
1 Peter 3.21 (ODRV) 0.995
Genesis 7.7 (Geneva) 0.995
Matthew 15.9 (AKJV) 0.995
Deuteronomy 20.4 (AKJV) 0.995
John 10.9 (ODRV) 0.995
Psalms 119.105 (AKJV) 0.995
Matthew 13.38 (Geneva) 0.995
John 3.7 (Geneva) 0.995
Matthew 28.20 (ODRV) 0.995
Hebrews 9.15 (ODRV) 0.994
Hebrews 4.2 (AKJV) 0.994
Psalms 39.13 (AKJV) 0.994
Genesis 2.3 (AKJV) 0.994
1 Timothy 4.9 (AKJV) 0.993
1 John 2.19 (Tyndale) 0.993
2 Esdras 8.3 (AKJV) 0.993
Hebrews 3.2 (AKJV) 0.99
1 Corinthians 11.28 (Geneva) 0.989
John 6.69 (Tyndale) 0.989
Romans 6.4 (ODRV) 0.989
Matthew 7.23 (AKJV) 0.987
Isaiah 43.2 (AKJV) 0.987
Exodus 20.8 (AKJV) 0.987
Exodus 20.8 (Geneva) 0.987
Galatians 3.27 (ODRV) 0.987
John 1.9 (Geneva) 0.982
Hebrews 12.23 (AKJV) 0.982
Mark 16.16 (Geneva) 0.982
Matthew 7.14 (ODRV) 0.975
Matthew 16.18 (Tyndale) 0.969
1 Corinthians 10.11 (AKJV) 0.965
Luke 13.24 (AKJV) 0.954
Philippians 2.12 (AKJV) 0.952
Galatians 6.10 (AKJV) 0.952
1 Corinthians 10.16 (Geneva) 0.924
1 Corinthians 10.16 (AKJV) 0.924
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.943
Evenness: 0.989
Book Prominence
Canticles 8.778
Romans 5.793
Nehemiah 4.144
2 Peter 3.373
Galatians 2.936
1 Peter 2.754
Jeremiah 2.523
Job 2.512
2 Corinthians 2.366
Genesis 2.304
Hebrews 1.978
Proverbs 1.814
Acts 1.749
John 1.692
Luke 1.66
1 Corinthians 1.546
Isaiah 1.471
Matthew 0.933
Psalms -0.272
Diversity: 0.979
Evenness: 0.996
Chapter Prominence
Canticles 6 3.865
Romans 6 3.651
Isaiah 34 1.94
Isaiah 13 1.914
Nehemiah 13 1.914
Isaiah 14 1.912
Psalms 26 1.91
Isaiah 56 1.907
Proverbs 12 1.907
Genesis 8 1.903
Job 22 1.899
Psalms 46 1.891
Isaiah 54 1.888
Psalms 69 1.882
Isaiah 43 1.871
Isaiah 63 1.868
Isaiah 66 1.865
Isaiah 60 1.86
Jeremiah 17 1.859
Isaiah 11 1.854
Hebrews 3 1.836
Genesis 6 1.819
Psalms 106 1.811
1 Corinthians 9 1.806
Matthew 15 1.805
Hebrews 4 1.798
Genesis 2 1.797
2 Corinthians 11 1.787
John 10 1.785
Luke 13 1.782
Galatians 3 1.775
1 Peter 3 1.758
John 4 1.75
Matthew 24 1.727
2 Peter 3 1.727
John 17 1.723
Matthew 16 1.723
Matthew 13 1.72
Matthew 28 1.705
1 Corinthians 10 1.692
John 1 1.676
Acts 2 1.665
Matthew 6 1.662
Luke 12 1.636
Matthew 7 1.633
Hebrews 12 1.564
1 Corinthians 11 1.559
1 Corinthians 15 1.517
Psalms 119 1.437
Diversity: 0.985
Evenness: 0.993
Verse Prominence
Genesis 6.16 3.944
Canticles 6.9 2.626
Romans 6.3 2.617
Romans 6.4 2.608
Genesis 6.19 1.315
Genesis 6.20 1.315
Genesis 8.8 1.315
Genesis 8.10 1.315
Genesis 8.12 1.315
Genesis 6.22 1.314
Matthew 13.48 1.314
Genesis 8.6 1.314
Isaiah 34.9 1.314
Isaiah 34.10 1.314
Isaiah 60.9 1.314
Jeremiah 17.27 1.314
Isaiah 66.16 1.314
Job 22.15 1.314
Job 22.16 1.314
Proverbs 12.14 1.314
Genesis 6.14 1.313
Psalms 69.1 1.313
Isaiah 34.11 1.313
Matthew 24.20 1.313
Matthew 24.39 1.313
Psalms 119.80 1.312
Psalms 106.15 1.312
Psalms 69.2 1.312
Nehemiah 13.19 1.312
Job 22.17 1.312
Psalms 46.3 1.311
Psalms 46.5 1.311
Isaiah 56.2 1.311
2 Peter 3.7 1.311
Isaiah 43.3 1.31
1 Corinthians 15.34 1.31
John 4.22 1.31
Matthew 24.38 1.31
Acts 2.47 1.309
Hebrews 4.11 1.309
Hebrews 3.2 1.308
John 10.14 1.308
Genesis 2.3 1.308
Hebrews 12.16 1.306
Isaiah 54.11 1.306
Hebrews 4.2 1.305
John 17.9 1.305
Psalms 26.8 1.305
Galatians 3.27 1.305
Matthew 6.19 1.304
1 Peter 3.19 1.302
Isaiah 63.9 1.301
2 Corinthians 11.28 1.301
Romans 6.2 1.301
1 Corinthians 11.22 1.3
1 Corinthians 11.28 1.299
1 Corinthians 9.27 1.297
Luke 12.32 1.296
Matthew 7.22 1.295
Isaiah 11.6 1.295
Matthew 15.9 1.294
Hebrews 12.22 1.294
John 1.9 1.287
1 Corinthians 10.11 1.286
Luke 13.24 1.28
1 Peter 3.20 1.279
Matthew 7.14 1.276
Matthew 16.18 1.272
Psalms 119.105 1.266
Matthew 28.20 1.249
Matthew 28.19 1.23
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase