Freedom of speech

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 13.1% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 9.3% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 80.2% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 1.0% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.5% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 16.8% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 5.5% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.5% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 1.0% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.5% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.5% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.5% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.883
Evenness: 0.948
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 14.029
Old Testament (AKJV) 6.89
Old Testament (Wycliffe) 5.622
Old Testament (Vulgate) 4.504
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 2.587
New Testament (AKJV) 0.442
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -2.26
Old Testament (Geneva) -3.525
New Testament (Tyndale) -3.531
New Testament (Geneva) -4.695
New Testament (ODRV) -4.782
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 0.986
Book Prominence
Exodus (AKJV) 4.511
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 4.473
Colossians (Geneva) 3.01
Acts (Geneva) 2.86
Acts (AKJV) 2.554
Numbers (Wycliffe) 1.689
Deuteronomy (Vulgate) 1.676
Exodus (Vulgate) 1.676
Jude (Geneva) 1.609
Numbers (Geneva) 1.514
Numbers (Douay-Rheims) 1.48
Leviticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.476
2 Samuel (Geneva) 1.47
2 Kings (AKJV) 1.441
Numbers (AKJV) 1.415
2 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.362
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 1.304
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.292
James (Geneva) 1.292
Exodus (Geneva) 1.273
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.261
1 Peter (Tyndale) 1.187
1 Timothy (Geneva) 1.183
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 1.124
Galatians (ODRV) 1.105
Revelation (ODRV) 1.089
James (AKJV) 1.062
Acts (ODRV) 0.991
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 0.987
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.958
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.957
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.867
John (Geneva) 0.838
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.832
Genesis (AKJV) 0.807
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.804
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.673
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.611
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.551
Romans (ODRV) 0.543
John (AKJV) 0.535
Matthew (Geneva) 0.524
Luke (AKJV) 0.518
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.494
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.395
Matthew (ODRV) 0.337
Romans (Geneva) 0.3
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.286
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.168
Psalms (Geneva) 0.02
Romans (AKJV) 0.003
Psalms (AKJV) -0.871
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.991
Chapter Prominence
Ecclesiasticus 28 (AKJV) 3.394
Exodus 22 (AKJV) 3.379
Acts 23 (Geneva) 2.259
Acts 23 (AKJV) 2.249
Colossians 3 (Geneva) 2.199
Numbers 7 (AKJV) 1.135
Numbers 11 (Wycliffe) 1.135
Deuteronomy 5 (Vulgate) 1.134
Exodus 22 (Vulgate) 1.134
2 Samuel 16 (Geneva) 1.132
Acts 22 (Geneva) 1.131
Acts 22 (AKJV) 1.131
Numbers 11 (Geneva) 1.131
Deuteronomy 19 (AKJV) 1.13
2 Kings 6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.13
Leviticus 11 (Douay-Rheims) 1.13
Deuteronomy 19 (Geneva) 1.129
Exodus 21 (Geneva) 1.128
Exodus 16 (Geneva) 1.128
Deuteronomy 27 (AKJV) 1.127
Ecclesiasticus 26 (Douay-Rheims) 1.127
1 Samuel 24 (AKJV) 1.126
Acts 23 (ODRV) 1.126
Exodus 21 (AKJV) 1.126
Numbers 12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.124
Proverbs 26 (Douay-Rheims) 1.124
Numbers 12 (AKJV) 1.123
2 Kings 2 (AKJV) 1.123
Matthew 20 (Tyndale) 1.121
Exodus 16 (AKJV) 1.121
Exodus 22 (Geneva) 1.12
Ecclesiasticus 37 (AKJV) 1.119
Genesis 31 (AKJV) 1.119
Psalms 69 (Geneva) 1.117
Numbers 16 (Geneva) 1.117
Ecclesiasticus 50 (AKJV) 1.117
Deuteronomy 16 (AKJV) 1.113
Proverbs 12 (AKJV) 1.109
Exodus 23 (AKJV) 1.108
Revelation 12 (ODRV) 1.105
Psalms 41 (AKJV) 1.103
2 Corinthians 10 (Geneva) 1.102
Deuteronomy 5 (Geneva) 1.101
Matthew 19 (Geneva) 1.101
Numbers 16 (AKJV) 1.1
1 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 1.099
1 Corinthians 16 (AKJV) 1.096
Psalms 109 (AKJV) 1.095
Deuteronomy 5 (Douay-Rheims) 1.093
Jude 1 (Geneva) 1.088
James 4 (Geneva) 1.087
Proverbs 6 (AKJV) 1.087
Matthew 22 (Geneva) 1.086
Deuteronomy 5 (AKJV) 1.085
1 Peter 4 (Tyndale) 1.085
John 8 (Geneva) 1.084
Isaiah 5 (AKJV) 1.081
Isaiah 5 (Geneva) 1.08
Proverbs 30 (AKJV) 1.08
Matthew 23 (ODRV) 1.078
Psalms 105 (AKJV) 1.072
1 Timothy 1 (Geneva) 1.068
1 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 1.064
Romans 3 (Geneva) 1.059
Psalms 89 (AKJV) 1.056
John 8 (AKJV) 1.055
Romans 14 (ODRV) 1.047
1 Corinthians 2 (ODRV) 1.041
James 3 (AKJV) 1.041
Hebrews 13 (Geneva) 1.038
Galatians 5 (ODRV) 1.035
Isaiah 5 (Douay-Rheims) 1.032
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 1.032
1 Corinthians 2 (Geneva) 1.028
Luke 12 (AKJV) 1.023
Romans 14 (AKJV) 0.981
Hebrews 13 (AKJV) 0.98
Romans 2 (Geneva) 0.971
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 0.927
Romans 13 (Geneva) 0.872
Romans 13 (AKJV) 0.848
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.992
Verse Prominence
Ecclesiasticus 28.13 (AKJV) 3.19
Exodus 22.28 (AKJV) 3.176
Acts 23.5 (AKJV) 2.125
Colossians 3.8 (Geneva) 2.124
Acts 23.5 (Geneva) 2.122
Matthew 22.26 (Geneva) 1.063
Acts 22.12 (Geneva) 1.063
Numbers 7.2 (AKJV) 1.063
Romans 2.19 (Geneva) 1.063
2 Corinthians 10.8 (Geneva) 1.063
Deuteronomy 5.20 (Vulgate) 1.063
Acts 23.4 (AKJV) 1.063
Acts 22.3 (AKJV) 1.063
Acts 23.3 (ODRV) 1.063
2 Samuel 16.7 (Geneva) 1.063
Numbers 12.1 (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
John 8.48 (Geneva) 1.063
John 8.48 (AKJV) 1.063
Exodus 21.17 (Geneva) 1.063
2 Kings 2.23 (AKJV) 1.063
Ecclesiasticus 37.3 (AKJV) 1.063
Psalms 69.4 (Geneva) 1.063
Ecclesiasticus 28.16 (AKJV) 1.063
Proverbs 26.20 (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
Deuteronomy 19.16 (AKJV) 1.063
Deuteronomy 19.19 (Geneva) 1.063
Ecclesiasticus 26.6 (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
Genesis 31.1 (AKJV) 1.063
Numbers 11.6 (Wycliffe) 1.063
Matthew 20.12 (Tyndale) 1.063
Psalms 89.50 (AKJV) 1.063
Exodus 16.8 (AKJV) 1.063
Exodus 16.8 (Geneva) 1.063
Proverbs 12.18 (AKJV) 1.063
Leviticus 11.36 (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
Jude 1.16 (Geneva) 1.062
Psalms 109.5 (AKJV) 1.062
Deuteronomy 27.24 (AKJV) 1.062
Exodus 22.28 (Vulgate) 1.062
Numbers 11.14 (Geneva) 1.062
Numbers 16.11 (AKJV) 1.062
Ecclesiasticus 50.7 (AKJV) 1.062
Matthew 23.27 (ODRV) 1.061
Matthew 5.23 (ODRV) 1.061
Exodus 21.17 (AKJV) 1.061
2 Kings 6.14 (Douay-Rheims) 1.061
Numbers 16.11 (Geneva) 1.061
James 3.8 (AKJV) 1.061
Exodus 23.1 (AKJV) 1.06
1 Corinthians 2.15 (Geneva) 1.06
Psalms 105.14 (AKJV) 1.06
1 Samuel 24.6 (AKJV) 1.06
James 4.11 (Geneva) 1.06
Romans 14.4 (ODRV) 1.06
Numbers 12.8 (AKJV) 1.06
Psalms 41.9 (AKJV) 1.06
1 Timothy 1.13 (Geneva) 1.06
Proverbs 6.19 (AKJV) 1.06
Psalms 89.51 (AKJV) 1.06
Romans 14.16 (AKJV) 1.06
Colossians 1.3 (Geneva) 1.06
Luke 12.42 (AKJV) 1.059
Matthew 19.19 (Geneva) 1.059
Ecclesiasticus 26.7 (Douay-Rheims) 1.059
Galatians 5.15 (ODRV) 1.059
Revelation 12.16 (ODRV) 1.059
Exodus 22.28 (Geneva) 1.058
1 Corinthians 16.14 (AKJV) 1.058
1 Corinthians 2.15 (ODRV) 1.057
Hebrews 13.17 (Geneva) 1.057
Romans 3.13 (Geneva) 1.056
1 Corinthians 4.1 (AKJV) 1.056
Isaiah 5.21 (Geneva) 1.056
Isaiah 5.21 (AKJV) 1.056
Deuteronomy 16.18 (AKJV) 1.052
Deuteronomy 5.17 (Geneva) 1.052
Deuteronomy 5.17 (AKJV) 1.052
Deuteronomy 5.17 (Douay-Rheims) 1.052
1 Peter 4.8 (Tyndale) 1.052
1 Corinthians 4.1 (ODRV) 1.05
Proverbs 30.17 (AKJV) 1.048
Romans 13.10 (Geneva) 1.046
Hebrews 13.17 (AKJV) 1.039
Romans 13.2 (Geneva) 1.032
Isaiah 5.20 (Douay-Rheims) 1.031
Romans 13.2 (AKJV) 0.994
Romans 13.1 (AKJV) 0.979
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.625
Evenness: 0.946
Part Prominence
Apocrypha 19.912
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament -22.907
Diversity: 0.96
Evenness: 0.99
Book Prominence
1 Kings 5.25
2 Samuel 5.068
Exodus 4.558
Ecclesiasticus 3.118
Nehemiah 2.716
Leviticus 2.347
Zechariah 2.316
2 Kings 2.052
Mark 2.051
Daniel 2.001
Numbers 1.935
James 1.805
1 Samuel 1.616
1 Timothy 1.535
1 Peter 1.325
Deuteronomy 1.207
2 Corinthians 0.937
Genesis 0.875
Hebrews 0.55
Proverbs 0.386
Acts 0.321
John 0.263
Luke 0.232
1 Corinthians 0.117
Romans -0.398
Matthew -0.496
Psalms -1.701
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
2 Samuel 16 2.437
1 Kings 2 2.424
Exodus 22 2.382
Ecclesiasticus 28 1.248
Ecclesiasticus 37 1.247
Ecclesiasticus 26 1.246
Numbers 7 1.241
Nehemiah 6 1.225
Leviticus 24 1.225
1 Samuel 20 1.22
Deuteronomy 27 1.219
2 Samuel 13 1.219
1 Samuel 18 1.212
Numbers 20 1.21
Numbers 21 1.21
2 Samuel 17 1.208
1 Samuel 22 1.208
Deuteronomy 19 1.207
1 Kings 1 1.207
Psalms 52 1.207
Exodus 21 1.206
Zechariah 2 1.205
Numbers 12 1.203
Psalms 57 1.203
Exodus 16 1.202
Exodus 9 1.202
Deuteronomy 16 1.199
1 Samuel 26 1.199
Psalms 41 1.198
Mark 3 1.198
2 Samuel 20 1.197
2 Samuel 6 1.196
2 Kings 18 1.19
Psalms 109 1.189
Acts 22 1.184
Proverbs 26 1.183
Exodus 23 1.182
Genesis 31 1.182
1 Kings 21 1.175
Daniel 5 1.175
Psalms 69 1.171
2 Kings 2 1.17
1 Samuel 25 1.168
Genesis 9 1.168
Psalms 105 1.164
Exodus 18 1.163
Numbers 11 1.161
Proverbs 6 1.159
Acts 19 1.158
2 Samuel 18 1.158
Psalms 3 1.157
Luke 15 1.149
2 Corinthians 13 1.146
Numbers 14 1.145
1 Kings 22 1.144
1 Samuel 15 1.141
Psalms 22 1.129
Acts 23 1.124
Proverbs 30 1.117
Numbers 16 1.112
Matthew 9 1.107
Psalms 39 1.106
Matthew 20 1.105
1 Corinthians 4 1.088
James 4 1.067
1 Peter 4 1.065
1 Timothy 1 1.041
John 8 1.035
1 Corinthians 2 1.023
Matthew 23 1.004
Romans 14 0.987
Romans 2 0.932
John 3 0.929
Luke 12 0.926
Hebrews 13 0.859
Matthew 5 0.75
Romans 13 0.672
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.997
Verse Prominence
1 Kings 2.46 2.103
2 Samuel 16.7 2.098
Exodus 22.28 2.045
Numbers 7.2 1.052
Exodus 16.22 1.052
Ecclesiasticus 26.5 1.052
Numbers 11.34 1.052
Numbers 16.50 1.052
1 Samuel 15.31 1.052
2 Samuel 13.9 1.052
2 Kings 18.29 1.052
Ecclesiasticus 37.3 1.052
Ecclesiasticus 28.13 1.052
Matthew 20.12 1.052
1 Samuel 18.15 1.052
Mark 3.30 1.052
Exodus 9.11 1.051
Exodus 21.17 1.051
Psalms 109.5 1.051
Deuteronomy 27.24 1.051
Numbers 11.3 1.051
Numbers 14.10 1.051
Numbers 12.4 1.051
2 Samuel 17.13 1.051
1 Kings 21.21 1.051
Numbers 20.5 1.051
1 Samuel 18.29 1.051
Mark 3.29 1.051
Numbers 14.30 1.05
Acts 19.16 1.05
Psalms 22.7 1.05
Matthew 9.34 1.05
Exodus 18.25 1.049
Nehemiah 6.6 1.049
Psalms 69.4 1.049
Deuteronomy 19.16 1.049
Leviticus 24.11 1.049
John 3.10 1.049
1 Samuel 22.9 1.049
Luke 15.29 1.049
Romans 2.19 1.048
Proverbs 6.19 1.048
Proverbs 26.20 1.048
Psalms 39.3 1.048
Psalms 105.14 1.048
James 4.11 1.048
2 Samuel 18.14 1.048
1 Kings 1.7 1.048
Daniel 5.23 1.048
Acts 22.25 1.048
Numbers 12.1 1.048
2 Kings 2.3 1.048
1 Samuel 20.30 1.048
Numbers 21.6 1.048
Numbers 16.33 1.048
1 Corinthians 2.15 1.047
1 Samuel 15.3 1.047
Psalms 41.9 1.047
2 Samuel 6.20 1.047
Numbers 11.14 1.047
1 Samuel 22.18 1.047
Psalms 3.7 1.046
Exodus 23.1 1.046
John 8.48 1.046
Psalms 57.4 1.046
Psalms 52.2 1.046
2 Corinthians 13.10 1.045
1 Samuel 25.10 1.045
2 Kings 2.24 1.045
Deuteronomy 16.18 1.044
Matthew 23.27 1.043
Numbers 16.11 1.043
2 Samuel 20.1 1.042
Numbers 14.2 1.041
Numbers 12.8 1.041
1 Kings 22.8 1.041
1 Peter 4.8 1.041
Matthew 5.14 1.04
Romans 14.4 1.04
Acts 23.5 1.039
Luke 12.42 1.039
Numbers 16.32 1.039
Genesis 31.1 1.038
Proverbs 30.17 1.038
Zechariah 2.8 1.037
1 Samuel 26.9 1.035
Psalms 105.15 1.028
1 Timothy 1.13 1.027
1 Corinthians 4.1 1.023
Hebrews 13.17 0.993
Romans 13.2 0.967
Romans 13.1 0.797
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase