Loyalty

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 3
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 5.7% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 2.7% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 80.0% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.1% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.4% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 13.0% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 7.1% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.1% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.1% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.875
Evenness: 0.95
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 10.24
New Testament (Tyndale) 8.969
Old Testament (ODRV) 6.148
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 2.587
Apocrypha (AKJV) 1.529
Old Testament (AKJV) 0.64
Old Testament (Geneva) -3.525
New Testament (Geneva) -4.695
New Testament (ODRV) -4.782
New Testament (AKJV) -5.808
Diversity: 0.984
Evenness: 0.986
Book Prominence
1 Peter (Tyndale) 3.021
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 2.702
Proverbs (AKJV) 2.121
James (Tyndale) 2.114
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 1.782
Psalms (ODRV) 1.226
Judith (Douay-Rheims) 1.109
1 Esdras (AKJV) 1.099
Joshua (Douay-Rheims) 1.063
Nehemiah (AKJV) 1.055
2 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 1.052
Ezra (AKJV) 1.047
Zechariah (Geneva) 1.032
Joshua (AKJV) 1.022
Zechariah (Douay-Rheims) 1.021
2 Chronicles (Geneva) 1.016
2 Kings (Geneva) 1.01
Leviticus (Geneva) 1.008
Numbers (Geneva) 0.996
Hosea (Geneva) 0.987
1 Kings (Geneva) 0.986
4 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 0.967
Numbers (Douay-Rheims) 0.962
2 Peter (ODRV) 0.945
Zechariah (AKJV) 0.944
1 Samuel (Geneva) 0.938
Jude (AKJV) 0.916
1 Kings (AKJV) 0.9
2 Thessalonians (AKJV) 0.9
Numbers (AKJV) 0.897
Matthew (AKJV) 0.873
Hosea (AKJV) 0.846
2 Samuel (AKJV) 0.782
1 Samuel (AKJV) 0.773
Ecclesiastes (Douay-Rheims) 0.772
Exodus (Geneva) 0.754
Jeremiah (Geneva) 0.749
1 Peter (ODRV) 0.733
1 John (Geneva) 0.728
Hebrews (Tyndale) 0.726
2 Peter (AKJV) 0.725
Galatians (Geneva) 0.706
1 Timothy (Geneva) 0.664
Acts (Tyndale) 0.652
Acts (Geneva) 0.647
1 Peter (Geneva) 0.609
Exodus (AKJV) 0.603
Job (Douay-Rheims) 0.587
Ephesians (ODRV) 0.548
James (AKJV) 0.544
1 Timothy (AKJV) 0.525
Jeremiah (AKJV) 0.525
Galatians (AKJV) 0.516
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 0.468
Job (Geneva) 0.466
Luke (Tyndale) 0.437
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.41
Ephesians (Geneva) 0.394
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.387
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 0.362
Acts (AKJV) 0.341
John (Geneva) 0.319
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.314
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.288
Genesis (AKJV) 0.288
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.277
Romans (Tyndale) 0.257
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.228
John (ODRV) 0.128
Psalms (AKJV) -0.213
Romans (Geneva) -0.218
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.35
Psalms (Geneva) -0.499
Romans (AKJV) -0.515
Diversity: 0.989
Evenness: 0.985
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 58 (AKJV) 3.785
Proverbs 24 (Douay-Rheims) 2.255
Proverbs 24 (AKJV) 2.252
1 Peter 2 (Tyndale) 2.152
Psalms 43 (ODRV) 1.531
Psalms 19 (ODRV) 1.527
Deuteronomy 17 (AKJV) 1.521
James 3 (Tyndale) 1.505
Psalms 10 (AKJV) 1.492
Matthew 12 (AKJV) 1.476
2 Kings 21 (Geneva) 0.768
2 Kings 14 (Geneva) 0.768
1 Kings 16 (Geneva) 0.766
Ecclesiasticus 12 (Douay-Rheims) 0.766
2 Samuel 20 (AKJV) 0.765
2 Chronicles 33 (Geneva) 0.765
Acts 25 (Geneva) 0.765
Acts 25 (AKJV) 0.764
Numbers 21 (AKJV) 0.763
4 Kings 21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.763
Leviticus 25 (Geneva) 0.763
Nehemiah 8 (AKJV) 0.763
Jeremiah 10 (Geneva) 0.762
1 Esdras 9 (AKJV) 0.762
Exodus 16 (Geneva) 0.761
Zechariah 8 (Geneva) 0.761
Acts 23 (Tyndale) 0.761
Luke 5 (Tyndale) 0.761
Numbers 25 (Douay-Rheims) 0.758
Exodus 16 (AKJV) 0.754
Joshua 1 (Douay-Rheims) 0.754
Zechariah 7 (Douay-Rheims) 0.754
Ezra 7 (AKJV) 0.753
Joshua 1 (AKJV) 0.753
2 Samuel 18 (AKJV) 0.753
Judith 8 (Douay-Rheims) 0.753
2 Thessalonians 3 (Tyndale) 0.752
Psalms 83 (Geneva) 0.752
Numbers 21 (Douay-Rheims) 0.751
Isaiah 56 (Douay-Rheims) 0.751
Numbers 16 (Geneva) 0.75
Psalms 94 (Geneva) 0.75
Job 9 (Geneva) 0.75
Proverbs 17 (Douay-Rheims) 0.75
1 Samuel 15 (Geneva) 0.749
1 Kings 21 (AKJV) 0.748
Jeremiah 10 (AKJV) 0.747
Zechariah 8 (AKJV) 0.747
1 Samuel 26 (AKJV) 0.747
Genesis 41 (AKJV) 0.746
Hosea 6 (Geneva) 0.746
Proverbs 27 (Geneva) 0.741
Psalms 58 (Geneva) 0.74
Job 31 (Douay-Rheims) 0.74
Exodus 22 (AKJV) 0.739
Acts 5 (AKJV) 0.738
Ecclesiastes 10 (Douay-Rheims) 0.737
Psalms 85 (Geneva) 0.735
Numbers 16 (AKJV) 0.733
Psalms 83 (AKJV) 0.732
2 Samuel 23 (AKJV) 0.731
2 Corinthians 10 (ODRV) 0.726
Psalms 34 (Geneva) 0.725
Psalms 106 (Geneva) 0.719
2 Thessalonians 3 (AKJV) 0.719
Romans 14 (Tyndale) 0.719
Psalms 115 (Geneva) 0.716
Hosea 6 (AKJV) 0.715
2 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 0.715
Ecclesiastes 10 (AKJV) 0.713
Psalms 73 (Geneva) 0.711
Proverbs 8 (AKJV) 0.709
Psalms 124 (AKJV) 0.708
Psalms 118 (Geneva) 0.707
Genesis 4 (AKJV) 0.706
Psalms 105 (AKJV) 0.705
Romans 12 (Tyndale) 0.703
1 Timothy 1 (Geneva) 0.701
Psalms 126 (AKJV) 0.699
John 5 (ODRV) 0.698
Hebrews 13 (Tyndale) 0.697
2 Peter 1 (ODRV) 0.692
Acts 17 (AKJV) 0.691
Proverbs 11 (AKJV) 0.687
Psalms 9 (AKJV) 0.684
Matthew 22 (AKJV) 0.681
2 Peter 2 (AKJV) 0.68
Psalms 34 (AKJV) 0.676
James 3 (AKJV) 0.674
1 Timothy 2 (Geneva) 0.665
1 Timothy 2 (AKJV) 0.66
1 Peter 1 (Geneva) 0.659
Galatians 5 (Geneva) 0.659
1 Peter 2 (ODRV) 0.657
1 John 3 (Geneva) 0.657
John 3 (Geneva) 0.653
1 Peter 2 (Geneva) 0.647
Ephesians 5 (Geneva) 0.647
Psalms 73 (AKJV) 0.646
Romans 3 (AKJV) 0.644
Psalms 118 (AKJV) 0.644
Matthew 7 (AKJV) 0.638
Romans 13 (Tyndale) 0.628
1 Peter 2 (AKJV) 0.625
Ephesians 4 (ODRV) 0.612
Galatians 5 (AKJV) 0.607
Jude 1 (AKJV) 0.597
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.593
1 Corinthians 11 (AKJV) 0.558
Ephesians 4 (Geneva) 0.54
Romans 13 (Geneva) 0.505
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 0.495
Romans 13 (AKJV) 0.48
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.435
Diversity: 0.991
Evenness: 0.981
Verse Prominence
Proverbs 24.22 (Douay-Rheims) 3.279
Psalms 58.11 (AKJV) 2.728
Proverbs 24.22 (AKJV) 1.641
Psalms 58.10 (AKJV) 1.638
Proverbs 24.21 (Douay-Rheims) 1.63
1 Peter 2.17 (Tyndale) 1.598
Deuteronomy 17.10 (AKJV) 1.098
1 Kings 16.18 (Geneva) 1.098
Psalms 58.6 (AKJV) 1.098
Psalms 43.2 (ODRV) 1.098
Deuteronomy 17.11 (AKJV) 1.095
Psalms 58.10 (Geneva) 1.095
Psalms 19.6 (ODRV) 1.095
1 Peter 2.17 (AKJV) 1.093
Psalms 73.18 (AKJV) 1.093
Matthew 12.25 (AKJV) 1.09
James 3.17 (Tyndale) 1.085
Proverbs 24.21 (AKJV) 1.081
Psalms 10.4 (AKJV) 1.078
1 Peter 2.14 (Tyndale) 1.067
Romans 13.5 (Geneva) 1.033
Numbers 16.49 (AKJV) 0.549
Joshua 1.16 (Douay-Rheims) 0.549
Numbers 21.6 (AKJV) 0.549
2 Samuel 18.15 (AKJV) 0.549
1 Kings 16.4 (Geneva) 0.549
1 Kings 21.24 (AKJV) 0.549
2 Kings 21.23 (Geneva) 0.549
2 Kings 14.5 (Geneva) 0.549
2 Chronicles 33.25 (Geneva) 0.549
4 Kings 21.23 (Douay-Rheims) 0.549
Acts 25.12 (Geneva) 0.549
Leviticus 25.17 (Geneva) 0.549
Leviticus 25.43 (Geneva) 0.549
Proverbs 8.13 (AKJV) 0.549
Ecclesiasticus 12.4 (Douay-Rheims) 0.549
Psalms 58.7 (AKJV) 0.549
Luke 5.26 (Tyndale) 0.549
Psalms 43.26 (ODRV) 0.549
Ezra 7.25 (AKJV) 0.548
Exodus 16.8 (AKJV) 0.548
Exodus 16.8 (Geneva) 0.548
Joshua 1.18 (AKJV) 0.548
Numbers 21.6 (Douay-Rheims) 0.548
Numbers 25.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.548
2 Samuel 20.2 (AKJV) 0.548
Acts 25.14 (AKJV) 0.548
1 Samuel 15.33 (Geneva) 0.548
Zechariah 8.16 (Geneva) 0.548
Psalms 10.8 (AKJV) 0.548
Psalms 10.9 (AKJV) 0.548
Psalms 94.7 (Geneva) 0.548
2 Thessalonians 3.14 (Tyndale) 0.548
Job 9.30 (Geneva) 0.548
Proverbs 17.5 (Douay-Rheims) 0.548
Proverbs 11.21 (AKJV) 0.548
1 Esdras 9.52 (AKJV) 0.548
Nehemiah 8.10 (AKJV) 0.548
Psalms 118.19 (Geneva) 0.548
2 Corinthians 10.6 (AKJV) 0.548
Jeremiah 10.7 (Geneva) 0.547
Jeremiah 10.7 (AKJV) 0.547
1 Peter 1.1 (Geneva) 0.547
Joshua 1.17 (AKJV) 0.547
Acts 5.37 (AKJV) 0.547
1 Samuel 15.22 (Geneva) 0.547
Psalms 10.7 (AKJV) 0.547
Judith 8.26 (Douay-Rheims) 0.547
Zechariah 7.10 (Douay-Rheims) 0.547
Psalms 73.13 (Geneva) 0.547
John 3.33 (Geneva) 0.547
Job 31.26 (Douay-Rheims) 0.547
Psalms 83.18 (AKJV) 0.547
Psalms 83.17 (Geneva) 0.547
Numbers 16.33 (Geneva) 0.546
Psalms 34.11 (Geneva) 0.546
Romans 14.12 (Tyndale) 0.546
Psalms 73.20 (AKJV) 0.546
Psalms 58.4 (AKJV) 0.546
Psalms 83.16 (AKJV) 0.546
Genesis 4.8 (AKJV) 0.545
2 Thessalonians 3.10 (AKJV) 0.545
Acts 23.5 (Tyndale) 0.545
Psalms 34.13 (AKJV) 0.545
Psalms 34.14 (AKJV) 0.545
Romans 12.19 (AKJV) 0.545
Romans 12.19 (Tyndale) 0.545
John 5.44 (ODRV) 0.545
Psalms 83.15 (AKJV) 0.545
Ezra 7.26 (AKJV) 0.544
James 3.5 (AKJV) 0.544
1 Timothy 1.17 (Geneva) 0.544
Isaiah 56.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.544
Psalms 115.16 (Geneva) 0.543
Psalms 106.17 (Geneva) 0.543
Ephesians 4.25 (AKJV) 0.543
Psalms 73.19 (AKJV) 0.543
Genesis 41.40 (AKJV) 0.542
Matthew 7.20 (AKJV) 0.542
2 Peter 1.19 (ODRV) 0.541
Hebrews 13.8 (Tyndale) 0.541
Proverbs 27.1 (Geneva) 0.541
1 Peter 2.17 (Geneva) 0.54
Psalms 34.11 (AKJV) 0.54
Zechariah 8.16 (AKJV) 0.54
Psalms 73.5 (AKJV) 0.54
Hosea 6.4 (Geneva) 0.54
Hosea 6.4 (AKJV) 0.54
Romans 3.2 (AKJV) 0.539
Ephesians 5.13 (Geneva) 0.539
2 Corinthians 10.4 (ODRV) 0.538
Psalms 9.8 (AKJV) 0.538
Ephesians 4.3 (ODRV) 0.537
2 Samuel 23.3 (AKJV) 0.537
Acts 17.21 (AKJV) 0.537
1 Samuel 26.9 (AKJV) 0.537
Galatians 5.20 (Geneva) 0.537
1 Peter 2.14 (AKJV) 0.536
Ecclesiastes 10.20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.536
Psalms 58.11 (Geneva) 0.535
Psalms 118.24 (Geneva) 0.535
Exodus 22.28 (AKJV) 0.534
Psalms 126.1 (AKJV) 0.533
Psalms 105.15 (AKJV) 0.533
1 Timothy 2.1 (AKJV) 0.532
1 John 3.16 (Geneva) 0.532
James 3.2 (AKJV) 0.531
Proverbs 8.15 (AKJV) 0.529
2 Peter 2.10 (AKJV) 0.529
Matthew 22.21 (AKJV) 0.528
1 Peter 2.13 (ODRV) 0.527
Ecclesiastes 10.17 (AKJV) 0.527
Psalms 85.10 (Geneva) 0.526
Psalms 124.7 (AKJV) 0.526
Romans 13.5 (AKJV) 0.524
Jude 1.8 (AKJV) 0.522
Galatians 5.22 (AKJV) 0.518
Romans 13.2 (Geneva) 0.517
1 Corinthians 11.16 (AKJV) 0.515
1 Timothy 2.2 (Geneva) 0.512
1 Corinthians 10.31 (AKJV) 0.508
Psalms 118.23 (AKJV) 0.493
Romans 13.1 (Tyndale) 0.489
Romans 13.2 (AKJV) 0.48
Romans 13.4 (AKJV) 0.473
1 Corinthians 10.16 (AKJV) 0.473
Romans 13.1 (AKJV) 0.465
Ephesians 4.3 (AKJV) 0.445
Ephesians 4.3 (Geneva) 0.445
Romans 13.1 (Geneva) 0.405
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.95
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Nehemiah 4.383
2 Thessalonians 4.066
Leviticus 4.014
Titus 3.839
Hosea 3.782
2 Chronicles 3.746
2 Peter 3.611
James 3.472
2 Samuel 3.401
1 Samuel 3.283
Ecclesiastes 3.053
Deuteronomy 2.873
Job 2.75
2 Corinthians 2.604
Genesis 2.542
Proverbs 2.053
Acts 1.987
Luke 1.898
Romans 1.269
Psalms -0.034
Diversity: 0.971
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Leviticus 25 2.917
Nehemiah 8 2.91
Acts 25 2.898
Luke 5 2.893
1 Samuel 26 2.89
Genesis 8 2.883
Acts 22 2.876
2 Samuel 23 2.875
Psalms 58 2.865
Psalms 126 2.86
2 Chronicles 19 2.859
Hosea 6 2.859
Deuteronomy 4 2.849
Ecclesiastes 3 2.849
2 Corinthians 10 2.839
Acts 24 2.826
Psalms 118 2.818
Job 3 2.817
Acts 23 2.816
Psalms 34 2.815
Proverbs 24 2.814
Psalms 10 2.809
Proverbs 11 2.808
James 3 2.794
2 Thessalonians 3 2.777
Psalms 73 2.773
Proverbs 8 2.769
Ecclesiastes 10 2.759
Acts 5 2.753
Psalms 16 2.74
Titus 3 2.729
2 Peter 2 2.669
Romans 12 2.6
Romans 13 2.363
Diversity: 0.977
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Leviticus 25.42 2.325
Luke 5.26 2.325
Leviticus 25.17 2.324
Leviticus 25.43 2.324
Job 3.6 2.324
Acts 25.11 2.323
Deuteronomy 4.32 2.322
Psalms 118.27 2.322
Proverbs 8.13 2.321
2 Thessalonians 3.14 2.321
Acts 22.25 2.321
Acts 25.10 2.321
Proverbs 11.21 2.321
Ecclesiastes 3.4 2.321
Psalms 73.13 2.32
Nehemiah 8.9 2.32
Psalms 34.13 2.319
2 Corinthians 10.6 2.319
Psalms 34.11 2.317
2 Thessalonians 3.10 2.317
Psalms 34.14 2.315
2 Samuel 23.3 2.314
Nehemiah 8.10 2.313
Acts 23.5 2.312
Psalms 58.10 2.312
Hosea 6.4 2.311
2 Peter 2.4 2.31
1 Samuel 26.9 2.308
Acts 5.29 2.307
James 3.2 2.306
Psalms 58.11 2.306
Romans 12.19 2.305
Psalms 10.4 2.304
2 Chronicles 19.7 2.301
Titus 3.1 2.295
2 Corinthians 10.4 2.295
Psalms 126.1 2.294
Romans 13.5 2.279
James 3.17 2.278
Ecclesiastes 10.20 2.275
Proverbs 24.21 2.264
Romans 13.2 2.24
Romans 13.4 2.214
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase