Natural theology

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 1.9% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 1.1% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 92.9% 100.0%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.3% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 4.9% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 1.4% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.857
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 10.623
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 5.776
Old Testament (Geneva) 4.511
New Testament (Tyndale) 4.505
New Testament (ODRV) 3.253
Old Testament (AKJV) 2.425
New Testament (AKJV) 2.227
Diversity: 0.934
Evenness: 0.966
Book Prominence
Hebrews (ODRV) 16.66
Joshua (Douay-Rheims) 4.234
2 Kings (AKJV) 4.093
1 Peter (ODRV) 3.905
Hebrews (Tyndale) 3.898
1 Timothy (ODRV) 3.837
Exodus (AKJV) 3.774
Galatians (ODRV) 3.758
Revelation (ODRV) 3.742
1 Timothy (AKJV) 3.696
Galatians (AKJV) 3.688
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 3.64
Luke (Tyndale) 3.609
1 Peter (AKJV) 3.559
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 3.533
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 3.528
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 3.449
Matthew (ODRV) 2.99
Psalms (Geneva) 2.673
Psalms (AKJV) 1.782
Diversity: 0.934
Evenness: 0.966
Chapter Prominence
Hebrews 13 (ODRV) 17.317
Joshua 21 (Douay-Rheims) 4.345
2 Kings 13 (AKJV) 4.338
Ecclesiasticus 23 (Douay-Rheims) 4.332
Exodus 33 (AKJV) 4.317
Revelation 6 (ODRV) 4.316
Psalms 112 (Geneva) 4.314
1 Peter 4 (ODRV) 4.311
Luke 6 (Tyndale) 4.3
1 Timothy 4 (ODRV) 4.299
Galatians 1 (AKJV) 4.287
Psalms 49 (AKJV) 4.286
2 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 4.284
Galatians 1 (ODRV) 4.282
Hebrews 13 (Tyndale) 4.275
1 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 4.271
Ecclesiastes 7 (AKJV) 4.252
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 4.219
1 Peter 1 (AKJV) 4.205
Matthew 5 (ODRV) 4.139
Diversity: 0.944
Evenness: 0.971
Verse Prominence
Hebrews 13.7 (ODRV) 15.366
Joshua 21.43 (Douay-Rheims) 3.844
Galatians 1.19 (AKJV) 3.843
1 Corinthians 15.29 (Tyndale) 3.843
Galatians 1.19 (ODRV) 3.842
1 Peter 4.13 (ODRV) 3.842
Hebrews 13.7 (Tyndale) 3.841
Ecclesiasticus 23.36 (Douay-Rheims) 3.841
2 Kings 13.14 (AKJV) 3.84
1 Timothy 4.16 (ODRV) 3.84
1 Peter 1.16 (AKJV) 3.839
2 Corinthians 3.12 (AKJV) 3.839
Psalms 49.13 (AKJV) 3.838
Psalms 49.11 (AKJV) 3.835
Revelation 6.9 (ODRV) 3.835
Hebrews 13.17 (Tyndale) 3.835
Matthew 5.48 (ODRV) 3.834
Psalms 112.6 (Geneva) 3.834
Exodus 33.20 (AKJV) 3.833
1 Timothy 4.16 (AKJV) 3.832
Luke 6.36 (Tyndale) 3.829
Ecclesiastes 7.1 (AKJV) 3.828
1 Corinthians 15.57 (Tyndale) 3.827
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.816
Evenness: 0.976
Book Prominence
Proverbs 25.624
2 Chronicles 13.032
1 Timothy 12.488
Ecclesiastes 12.339
Hebrews 11.502
Psalms 9.252
Diversity: 0.864
Evenness: 0.983
Chapter Prominence
Proverbs 10 22.027
2 Chronicles 16 11.059
2 Chronicles 32 11.047
Psalms 112 11.007
Psalms 49 10.988
Ecclesiastes 7 10.88
1 Timothy 4 10.868
Hebrews 13 10.72
Diversity: 0.844
Evenness: 0.98
Verse Prominence
Proverbs 10.7 24.914
2 Chronicles 16.14 12.484
Psalms 49.11 12.478
Psalms 112.6 12.469
1 Timothy 4.12 12.467
Ecclesiastes 7.1 12.463
Hebrews 13.7 12.436
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase