Purgatory

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 6.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 3.2% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 85.8% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.4% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 2.4% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 11.5% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.6% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 4.0% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.4% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.9
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 6.337
Apocrypha (AKJV) 5.279
Old Testament (ODRV) 3.648
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 1.49
Old Testament (Geneva) 0.225
New Testament (Tyndale) 0.219
New Testament (Geneva) -0.945
New Testament (ODRV) -1.032
Old Testament (AKJV) -1.86
New Testament (AKJV) -2.058
Diversity: 0.967
Evenness: 0.994
Book Prominence
1 Peter (Geneva) 5.315
John (AKJV) 4.722
2 Maccabees (Douay-Rheims) 2.891
2 Chronicles (Geneva) 2.78
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 2.616
Hosea (AKJV) 2.61
2 Esdras (AKJV) 2.584
Ezekiel (AKJV) 2.551
Colossians (ODRV) 2.535
Ephesians (Tyndale) 2.505
1 Peter (ODRV) 2.498
Hebrews (Tyndale) 2.491
2 Peter (AKJV) 2.489
Revelation (ODRV) 2.335
Galatians (AKJV) 2.281
Job (Geneva) 2.23
Philippians (AKJV) 2.168
Ephesians (Geneva) 2.159
1 Peter (AKJV) 2.152
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 2.127
Luke (Geneva) 2.086
Romans (Tyndale) 2.022
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.993
Job (AKJV) 1.892
Psalms (ODRV) 1.814
Romans (ODRV) 1.79
Luke (AKJV) 1.764
Romans (Geneva) 1.546
Proverbs (AKJV) 1.533
Psalms (Geneva) 1.266
Romans (AKJV) 1.249
Psalms (AKJV) 0.375
Diversity: 0.972
Evenness: 0.995
Chapter Prominence
1 Peter 3 (Geneva) 5.05
John 15 (AKJV) 5.048
2 Maccabees 2 (Douay-Rheims) 2.561
2 Chronicles 24 (Geneva) 2.56
Psalms 100 (Geneva) 2.555
Psalms 100 (AKJV) 2.55
Job 28 (Geneva) 2.545
Psalms 105 (ODRV) 2.543
2 Esdras 8 (AKJV) 2.541
Job 28 (AKJV) 2.54
Ezekiel 33 (AKJV) 2.536
Luke 24 (AKJV) 2.535
Ezekiel 18 (Douay-Rheims) 2.534
Luke 24 (Geneva) 2.534
Psalms 145 (Geneva) 2.521
Ezekiel 18 (AKJV) 2.52
Psalms 102 (AKJV) 2.518
1 Peter 3 (ODRV) 2.516
Colossians 1 (ODRV) 2.516
Proverbs 1 (Geneva) 2.511
Hosea 6 (AKJV) 2.51
Psalms 116 (AKJV) 2.507
Revelation 3 (ODRV) 2.506
Galatians 1 (AKJV) 2.504
Proverbs 1 (AKJV) 2.504
Hebrews 13 (Tyndale) 2.492
Ephesians 4 (Tyndale) 2.49
Romans 3 (Geneva) 2.487
Romans 3 (Tyndale) 2.486
2 Peter 2 (AKJV) 2.475
1 Peter 3 (AKJV) 2.473
Romans 11 (AKJV) 2.457
Ecclesiastes 3 (AKJV) 2.452
Ephesians 2 (Geneva) 2.439
Romans 8 (ODRV) 2.392
Philippians 2 (AKJV) 2.348
Romans 13 (AKJV) 2.275
Diversity: 0.972
Evenness: 0.995
Verse Prominence
1 Peter 3.19 (Geneva) 5.125
John 15.22 (AKJV) 5.114
Job 28.7 (Geneva) 2.563
Job 28.21 (AKJV) 2.563
Luke 24.45 (AKJV) 2.563
Luke 24.45 (Geneva) 2.563
Psalms 105.35 (ODRV) 2.563
2 Maccabees 2.24 (Douay-Rheims) 2.563
Romans 3.3 (Tyndale) 2.563
2 Chronicles 24.19 (Geneva) 2.563
Ezekiel 33.5 (AKJV) 2.563
Psalms 100.4 (Geneva) 2.563
Revelation 3.7 (ODRV) 2.562
1 Peter 3.19 (ODRV) 2.562
Psalms 100.4 (AKJV) 2.562
1 Peter 3.19 (AKJV) 2.561
Romans 3.3 (Geneva) 2.561
Psalms 102.14 (AKJV) 2.561
2 Esdras 8.33 (AKJV) 2.56
Psalms 145.8 (Geneva) 2.56
Ezekiel 18.31 (Douay-Rheims) 2.559
Ecclesiastes 3.9 (AKJV) 2.559
Proverbs 1.25 (AKJV) 2.559
Psalms 116.5 (AKJV) 2.559
2 Peter 2.5 (AKJV) 2.558
Proverbs 1.24 (Geneva) 2.558
Romans 13.11 (AKJV) 2.557
Hebrews 13.8 (Tyndale) 2.555
Hosea 6.4 (AKJV) 2.555
Ezekiel 18.32 (AKJV) 2.554
Ephesians 4.13 (Tyndale) 2.554
Colossians 1.14 (ODRV) 2.553
Ephesians 2.7 (Geneva) 2.551
Romans 8.3 (ODRV) 2.547
Galatians 1.8 (AKJV) 2.546
Philippians 2.8 (AKJV) 2.532
Romans 11.33 (AKJV) 2.528
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.944
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Joel 5.168
Nehemiah 4.938
Amos 4.833
Judges 4.417
2 Chronicles 4.302
1 Kings 4.139
Ezekiel 3.927
1 Timothy 3.757
Galatians 3.729
1 Peter 3.547
Ephesians 3.507
Job 3.305
Revelation 3.279
2 Corinthians 3.16
John 2.486
Luke 2.454
Isaiah 2.265
Psalms 0.522
Diversity: 0.958
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
2 Chronicles 24 4.132
Job 28 4.123
Nehemiah 9 4.111
Amos 3 4.101
Isaiah 61 4.095
1 Kings 8 4.088
Isaiah 42 4.087
Revelation 18 4.071
Judges 6 4.071
Joel 2 4.069
Ezekiel 33 4.066
Isaiah 30 4.052
Isaiah 28 4.042
Isaiah 49 4.04
Luke 24 4.025
Psalms 18 4.023
Galatians 1 3.985
2 Corinthians 1 3.985
1 Peter 3 3.964
John 15 3.958
Isaiah 5 3.951
Revelation 3 3.932
1 Timothy 6 3.912
Ephesians 2 3.908
Diversity: 0.957
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Job 28.7 4.346
2 Chronicles 24.19 4.346
Nehemiah 9.31 4.346
Ezekiel 33.4 4.346
Judges 6.1 4.345
1 Kings 8.12 4.344
Psalms 18.11 4.343
Isaiah 42.7 4.343
Isaiah 49.9 4.343
Ephesians 2.17 4.342
Revelation 18.2 4.342
Luke 24.45 4.34
Revelation 3.7 4.34
Joel 2.13 4.339
1 Timothy 6.16 4.337
Ephesians 2.4 4.337
John 15.22 4.336
1 Peter 3.19 4.334
2 Corinthians 1.3 4.334
Isaiah 30.20 4.333
Amos 3.2 4.329
Isaiah 61.1 4.324
Galatians 1.8 4.302
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase