Sacrilege

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 2
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 4.8% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 2.4% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 89.6% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.4% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.2% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 6.1% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 2.0% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized_cited Percentage of units with QP, italicized foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, an adjacent citation, and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.888
Evenness: 0.961
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Geneva) 11.654
New Testament (Wycliffe) 5.327
New Testament (Geneva) 3.341
Apocrypha (AKJV) 2.422
New Testament (Vulgate) 2.197
Old Testament (ODRV) 0.791
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -1.367
New Testament (Tyndale) -2.638
New Testament (ODRV) -3.89
Old Testament (AKJV) -4.717
New Testament (AKJV) -4.916
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.984
Book Prominence
Leviticus (Geneva) 3.998
Proverbs (AKJV) 2.758
Acts (Vulgate) 2.738
1 Kings (AKJV) 2.501
Romans (AKJV) 2.475
Deuteronomy (Geneva) 2.387
Romans (Geneva) 1.383
Nahum (Geneva) 1.361
1 Timothy (Vulgate) 1.329
2 Maccabees (AKJV) 1.327
Malachi (Geneva) 1.309
1 Maccabees (AKJV) 1.297
Matthew (Wycliffe) 1.295
Malachi (Douay-Rheims) 1.272
Joshua (Geneva) 1.269
1 Paralipomenon (Douay-Rheims) 1.266
Daniel (ODRV) 1.242
Joshua (AKJV) 1.234
Numbers (Geneva) 1.208
Malachi (AKJV) 1.197
4 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.179
3 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.172
Leviticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.17
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.135
1 Timothy (Tyndale) 1.127
Ezekiel (Geneva) 1.102
Leviticus (AKJV) 1.099
Daniel (Geneva) 1.092
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 1.064
Exodus (ODRV) 1.043
Ezekiel (AKJV) 0.999
Revelation (Tyndale) 0.974
Philippians (Geneva) 0.972
1 Timothy (ODRV) 0.878
Acts (Geneva) 0.859
Genesis (ODRV) 0.848
Deuteronomy (AKJV) 0.818
Galatians (ODRV) 0.799
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 0.778
1 Timothy (AKJV) 0.737
Acts (ODRV) 0.685
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.652
Philippians (ODRV) 0.64
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.623
1 Peter (AKJV) 0.6
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.569
Proverbs (Douay-Rheims) 0.561
Genesis (AKJV) 0.501
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.5
Romans (Tyndale) 0.47
Luke (ODRV) 0.453
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.441
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.367
Job (AKJV) 0.34
Hebrews (AKJV) 0.305
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.245
Romans (ODRV) 0.237
John (AKJV) 0.229
Matthew (Geneva) 0.218
Matthew (ODRV) 0.031
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.138
Psalms (Geneva) -0.286
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.988
Chapter Prominence
Leviticus 27 (Geneva) 3.322
Proverbs 20 (AKJV) 3.251
Romans 2 (AKJV) 3.165
Acts 8 (Vulgate) 2.219
Deuteronomy 7 (Geneva) 2.214
1 Kings 21 (AKJV) 2.201
Romans 2 (Geneva) 2.057
Nahum 2 (Geneva) 1.11
Matthew 23 (Wycliffe) 1.11
2 Maccabees 12 (AKJV) 1.11
Numbers 18 (Geneva) 1.11
Leviticus 27 (AKJV) 1.107
1 Timothy 4 (Vulgate) 1.107
1 Maccabees 10 (AKJV) 1.106
1 Kings 4 (Douay-Rheims) 1.106
Ecclesiasticus 41 (AKJV) 1.104
1 Paralipomenon 17 (Douay-Rheims) 1.103
Ezekiel 33 (Geneva) 1.103
3 Kings 7 (Douay-Rheims) 1.102
Daniel 5 (ODRV) 1.101
4 Kings 18 (Douay-Rheims) 1.101
Exodus 23 (ODRV) 1.101
Acts 6 (Geneva) 1.101
Joshua 7 (Geneva) 1.1
Genesis 8 (ODRV) 1.099
1 Paralipomenon 16 (Douay-Rheims) 1.098
Deuteronomy 30 (AKJV) 1.098
Leviticus 13 (Douay-Rheims) 1.096
Proverbs 25 (Geneva) 1.096
Deuteronomy 17 (Geneva) 1.095
Matthew 1 (ODRV) 1.095
Joshua 7 (AKJV) 1.094
Daniel 5 (Geneva) 1.094
Malachi 1 (AKJV) 1.092
Revelation 22 (Tyndale) 1.091
Job 2 (AKJV) 1.091
Psalms 102 (Geneva) 1.09
Ezekiel 33 (Douay-Rheims) 1.089
Malachi 3 (Geneva) 1.087
Malachi 3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.085
Ezekiel 33 (AKJV) 1.083
Genesis 28 (AKJV) 1.08
Matthew 12 (Tyndale) 1.075
1 Timothy 1 (Tyndale) 1.073
Hebrews 7 (AKJV) 1.072
1 Corinthians 16 (AKJV) 1.071
Matthew 27 (ODRV) 1.07
Acts 8 (ODRV) 1.068
Proverbs 3 (Douay-Rheims) 1.067
Proverbs 3 (Geneva) 1.058
Romans 11 (ODRV) 1.056
Proverbs 1 (AKJV) 1.051
1 Timothy 5 (AKJV) 1.05
1 Corinthians 3 (Tyndale) 1.049
Philippians 4 (ODRV) 1.049
Romans 12 (Tyndale) 1.045
Galatians 1 (ODRV) 1.045
Malachi 3 (AKJV) 1.044
Luke 18 (ODRV) 1.043
Matthew 10 (ODRV) 1.04
1 Corinthians 3 (ODRV) 1.038
John 9 (AKJV) 1.038
Matthew 11 (Geneva) 1.038
1 Corinthians 9 (AKJV) 1.025
John 5 (AKJV) 1.024
Philippians 3 (Geneva) 1.02
1 Corinthians 11 (Tyndale) 1.018
Hebrews 10 (Geneva) 1.01
1 Timothy 6 (ODRV) 1.008
Romans 14 (Geneva) 1.0
Ephesians 2 (AKJV) 0.99
Romans 3 (AKJV) 0.985
1 Corinthians 3 (AKJV) 0.982
1 Corinthians 10 (ODRV) 0.979
Galatians 6 (ODRV) 0.969
Ephesians 5 (AKJV) 0.955
1 Peter 5 (AKJV) 0.946
Hebrews 10 (AKJV) 0.93
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 0.897
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 0.837
Diversity: 0.988
Evenness: 0.989
Verse Prominence
Leviticus 27.28 (Geneva) 2.937
Romans 2.24 (AKJV) 2.935
Proverbs 20.25 (AKJV) 2.933
Deuteronomy 7.26 (Geneva) 1.96
1 Kings 21.2 (AKJV) 1.96
Romans 2.22 (Geneva) 1.959
Acts 8.20 (Vulgate) 1.958
Daniel 5.21 (ODRV) 0.98
Leviticus 27.31 (Geneva) 0.98
4 Kings 18.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Deuteronomy 30.8 (AKJV) 0.98
1 Corinthians 10.6 (ODRV) 0.98
Nahum 2.9 (Geneva) 0.98
Deuteronomy 17.1 (Geneva) 0.98
Ecclesiasticus 41.9 (AKJV) 0.98
Joshua 7.15 (AKJV) 0.98
Matthew 23.24 (Wycliffe) 0.98
1 Kings 4.11 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Daniel 5.20 (Geneva) 0.98
Daniel 5.22 (ODRV) 0.98
Daniel 5.4 (Geneva) 0.98
1 Paralipomenon 16.20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.98
Luke 18.33 (ODRV) 0.98
2 Maccabees 12.40 (AKJV) 0.98
2 Maccabees 12.42 (AKJV) 0.98
Matthew 1.8 (ODRV) 0.98
Proverbs 25.11 (Geneva) 0.98
1 Timothy 4.5 (Vulgate) 0.98
Genesis 8.2 (ODRV) 0.98
Numbers 18.21 (Geneva) 0.98
Ezekiel 33.14 (Geneva) 0.98
Matthew 12.6 (Tyndale) 0.979
Leviticus 27.28 (AKJV) 0.979
1 Paralipomenon 16.22 (Douay-Rheims) 0.979
Psalms 102.22 (Geneva) 0.979
Malachi 3.8 (Geneva) 0.979
Joshua 7.12 (Geneva) 0.979
Malachi 1.12 (AKJV) 0.979
1 Paralipomenon 17.1 (Douay-Rheims) 0.979
Proverbs 3.9 (Douay-Rheims) 0.979
Proverbs 1.2 (AKJV) 0.979
Proverbs 3.9 (Geneva) 0.979
Matthew 10.40 (ODRV) 0.979
Acts 8.19 (ODRV) 0.979
Ezekiel 33.15 (AKJV) 0.979
Matthew 11.22 (Geneva) 0.979
Romans 11.35 (ODRV) 0.978
1 Maccabees 10.35 (AKJV) 0.978
Genesis 28.20 (AKJV) 0.978
Romans 2.23 (Geneva) 0.978
Romans 12.13 (Tyndale) 0.978
John 9.38 (AKJV) 0.978
Hebrews 7.9 (AKJV) 0.978
1 Timothy 6.9 (ODRV) 0.978
Ezekiel 33.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.978
Revelation 22.18 (Tyndale) 0.977
1 Timothy 5.18 (AKJV) 0.977
Malachi 3.10 (Douay-Rheims) 0.977
Hebrews 10.18 (AKJV) 0.977
1 Corinthians 10.19 (AKJV) 0.976
Ephesians 5.7 (AKJV) 0.976
Job 2.9 (AKJV) 0.976
Acts 6.4 (Geneva) 0.976
Exodus 23.2 (ODRV) 0.975
John 5.44 (AKJV) 0.975
1 Corinthians 11.22 (Tyndale) 0.975
Matthew 27.35 (ODRV) 0.974
Romans 14.12 (Geneva) 0.973
3 Kings 7.4 (Douay-Rheims) 0.973
Romans 2.24 (Geneva) 0.972
Romans 3.9 (AKJV) 0.972
1 Corinthians 16.22 (AKJV) 0.972
1 Corinthians 3.17 (ODRV) 0.972
Leviticus 13.52 (Douay-Rheims) 0.971
1 Corinthians 3.18 (AKJV) 0.971
Proverbs 3.10 (Geneva) 0.971
Romans 2.22 (AKJV) 0.97
1 Corinthians 3.17 (Tyndale) 0.969
1 Corinthians 9.14 (AKJV) 0.969
1 Corinthians 9.13 (AKJV) 0.966
2 Corinthians 5.22 (ODRV) 0.963
Philippians 3.9 (Geneva) 0.962
Malachi 3.10 (AKJV) 0.962
1 Timothy 1.17 (Tyndale) 0.961
Galatians 6.7 (ODRV) 0.959
Galatians 1.5 (ODRV) 0.956
Ephesians 2.8 (AKJV) 0.95
1 Corinthians 10.11 (AKJV) 0.946
Philippians 4.20 (ODRV) 0.946
Hebrews 10.31 (AKJV) 0.943
Hebrews 10.31 (Geneva) 0.943
1 Peter 5.11 (AKJV) 0.894
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.32
Evenness: 0.722
Part Prominence
New Testament 32.093
Old Testament -27.005
Diversity: 0.938
Evenness: 0.952
Book Prominence
Malachi 12.427
Romans 9.602
Acts 3.654
Joshua 2.455
Leviticus 2.347
Zechariah 2.316
2 Chronicles 2.08
2 Kings 2.052
Daniel 2.001
Numbers 1.935
1 Kings 1.917
2 Samuel 1.735
Ezekiel 1.705
1 Timothy 1.535
Exodus 1.225
Deuteronomy 1.207
Genesis 0.875
Proverbs 0.386
John 0.263
1 Corinthians 0.117
Isaiah 0.043
Matthew -0.496
Psalms -1.701
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 0.973
Chapter Prominence
Malachi 3 7.465
Romans 2 7.375
2 Chronicles 31 3.829
Deuteronomy 7 3.789
Acts 5 3.658
Numbers 18 1.914
Numbers 7 1.914
Leviticus 27 1.913
Exodus 36 1.908
Numbers 5 1.902
Daniel 1 1.901
Deuteronomy 26 1.897
2 Chronicles 29 1.886
2 Kings 4 1.88
Zechariah 2 1.879
2 Kings 10 1.879
Genesis 14 1.87
2 Kings 18 1.863
2 Samuel 7 1.859
Deuteronomy 13 1.854
Genesis 27 1.851
1 Kings 21 1.848
Genesis 28 1.843
Joshua 7 1.839
Ezekiel 36 1.837
Psalms 122 1.833
Proverbs 20 1.807
John 2 1.806
Exodus 22 1.805
Daniel 4 1.798
Isaiah 3 1.794
1 Corinthians 9 1.769
John 12 1.761
Acts 8 1.748
Matthew 12 1.732
Acts 4 1.724
Psalms 50 1.716
Matthew 19 1.709
1 Timothy 6 1.669
Matthew 10 1.647
Isaiah 1 1.643
1 Corinthians 11 1.521
Romans 1 1.502
Diversity: 0.949
Evenness: 0.972
Verse Prominence
Romans 2.22 13.778
2 Chronicles 31.4 6.889
Genesis 27.4 3.445
Matthew 12.4 3.445
Leviticus 27.28 3.444
Numbers 5.7 3.444
2 Kings 10.29 3.444
Romans 2.23 3.443
John 2.16 3.443
Acts 8.19 3.443
Isaiah 3.14 3.443
Proverbs 20.25 3.442
Romans 1.1 3.442
Acts 5.2 3.442
Matthew 19.9 3.442
Romans 2.24 3.441
Acts 8.23 3.44
2 Kings 10.30 3.44
1 Corinthians 9.14 3.438
Malachi 3.8 3.437
1 Corinthians 11.22 3.433
Acts 5.4 3.429
1 Timothy 6.9 3.422
Matthew 10.40 3.41
Malachi 3.10 3.389
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase