Suffering -- Religious aspects -- Reformed churches

Number of relevant publications in EEBO-TCP: 1
Navigate to the catalog to search for the relevant publications associated with this this referencing entity.



Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 17.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 11.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 75.2% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 16.3% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 8.8% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.903
Evenness: 0.988
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 8.157
Apocrypha (ODRV) 6.9
Apocrypha (AKJV) 3.612
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.388
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.981
Old Testament (Geneva) -1.441
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.447
New Testament (Geneva) -2.612
New Testament (ODRV) -2.699
Old Testament (AKJV) -3.527
New Testament (AKJV) -3.725
Diversity: 0.974
Evenness: 0.976
Book Prominence
Psalms (Geneva) 6.658
Exodus (AKJV) 2.76
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 2.471
Psalms (AKJV) 2.434
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.806
James (Vulgate) 1.608
2 Maccabees (AKJV) 1.604
Jonah (ODRV) 1.539
Joshua (AKJV) 1.512
Leviticus (Geneva) 1.498
Wisdom (ODRV) 1.484
Lamentations (Geneva) 1.465
Matthew (Vulgate) 1.412
Canticles (AKJV) 1.41
Numbers (AKJV) 1.387
1 Thessalonians (Geneva) 1.349
2 Esdras (AKJV) 1.309
James (Geneva) 1.264
Exodus (Geneva) 1.244
Jeremiah (Geneva) 1.24
Deuteronomy (Douay-Rheims) 1.233
1 Peter (ODRV) 1.223
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.221
1 Timothy (ODRV) 1.156
Acts (Geneva) 1.137
1 John (AKJV) 1.075
James (AKJV) 1.034
1 Timothy (AKJV) 1.015
Job (Geneva) 0.956
Hebrews (ODRV) 0.935
Hebrews (Geneva) 0.929
Philippians (AKJV) 0.893
John (Tyndale) 0.83
John (Geneva) 0.81
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.775
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.767
Romans (Tyndale) 0.748
Luke (ODRV) 0.731
Proverbs (Geneva) 0.719
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.645
John (ODRV) 0.618
Psalms (ODRV) 0.54
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.523
Romans (ODRV) 0.515
John (AKJV) 0.507
Matthew (Geneva) 0.496
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.367
Matthew (ODRV) 0.309
Romans (Geneva) 0.272
Proverbs (AKJV) 0.258
Romans (AKJV) -0.025
Diversity: 0.985
Evenness: 0.981
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 50 (Geneva) 5.061
Psalms 50 (AKJV) 2.998
Romans 8 (AKJV) 2.726
Isaiah 65 (Douay-Rheims) 2.027
Psalms 68 (ODRV) 2.023
Exodus 32 (AKJV) 2.009
Psalms 141 (AKJV) 2.007
Psalms 147 (AKJV) 1.987
Isaiah 1 (AKJV) 1.927
1 Corinthians 10 (ODRV) 1.909
1 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 1.767
James 5 (Vulgate) 1.019
Jeremiah 36 (Geneva) 1.019
2 Esdras 2 (AKJV) 1.018
2 Maccabees 3 (AKJV) 1.017
Wisdom 7 (ODRV) 1.014
Joshua 10 (AKJV) 1.013
Leviticus 10 (Geneva) 1.013
Psalms 146 (ODRV) 1.012
Deuteronomy 1 (Douay-Rheims) 1.008
Isaiah 48 (Geneva) 1.003
Exodus 32 (Geneva) 1.003
Job 9 (Geneva) 1.002
Matthew 21 (Geneva) 1.001
John 13 (Tyndale) 1.001
Jonah 2 (ODRV) 1.0
Matthew 5 (Vulgate) 0.999
Canticles 6 (AKJV) 0.999
Psalms 49 (ODRV) 0.997
Numbers 14 (AKJV) 0.996
2 Corinthians 1 (Tyndale) 0.986
Numbers 16 (AKJV) 0.985
Psalms 9 (Geneva) 0.985
1 Peter 4 (ODRV) 0.984
Hebrews 6 (ODRV) 0.983
Psalms 31 (AKJV) 0.979
Psalms 109 (AKJV) 0.979
John 14 (Geneva) 0.978
Isaiah 1 (Douay-Rheims) 0.975
Acts 7 (Geneva) 0.975
James 4 (Geneva) 0.971
Matthew 8 (ODRV) 0.97
Psalms 94 (AKJV) 0.97
Hebrews 10 (ODRV) 0.969
Proverbs 16 (Geneva) 0.968
Romans 5 (Geneva) 0.967
2 Corinthians 12 (AKJV) 0.965
Psalms 73 (Geneva) 0.963
Romans 9 (ODRV) 0.962
Romans 9 (Geneva) 0.962
1 John 5 (AKJV) 0.962
Proverbs 21 (AKJV) 0.961
Luke 18 (ODRV) 0.952
John 5 (ODRV) 0.95
Isaiah 40 (AKJV) 0.943
Romans 3 (Tyndale) 0.942
Lamentations 3 (Geneva) 0.941
Romans 10 (Geneva) 0.941
John 14 (AKJV) 0.939
1 Timothy 1 (AKJV) 0.939
1 Corinthians 7 (ODRV) 0.938
James 5 (AKJV) 0.936
Romans 4 (AKJV) 0.934
James 4 (AKJV) 0.933
Romans 14 (ODRV) 0.931
John 5 (Tyndale) 0.93
Romans 9 (AKJV) 0.929
Matthew 5 (Tyndale) 0.928
1 Timothy 2 (ODRV) 0.927
Matthew 6 (Geneva) 0.924
John 3 (AKJV) 0.924
1 Thessalonians 5 (Geneva) 0.922
Romans 10 (AKJV) 0.92
Hebrews 10 (Geneva) 0.919
1 John 4 (AKJV) 0.915
Proverbs 16 (AKJV) 0.908
1 Timothy 6 (AKJV) 0.889
John 6 (ODRV) 0.888
Psalms 106 (AKJV) 0.882
Philippians 4 (AKJV) 0.856
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.832
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.696
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.982
Verse Prominence
Psalms 50.15 (Geneva) 4.795
Psalms 50.15 (AKJV) 2.874
Romans 8.26 (AKJV) 2.854
Psalms 68.29 (ODRV) 1.921
Isaiah 65.24 (Douay-Rheims) 1.919
Psalms 147.9 (AKJV) 1.919
Exodus 32.32 (AKJV) 1.918
Psalms 141.2 (AKJV) 1.917
Isaiah 1.15 (AKJV) 1.914
1 Corinthians 10.31 (ODRV) 1.891
1 Corinthians 10.31 (AKJV) 1.881
Psalms 49.15 (ODRV) 0.961
John 6.15 (ODRV) 0.961
James 5.17 (Vulgate) 0.961
Numbers 16.45 (AKJV) 0.961
1 John 5.14 (AKJV) 0.961
Psalms 9.9 (Geneva) 0.961
Deuteronomy 1.35 (Douay-Rheims) 0.961
Numbers 14.21 (AKJV) 0.961
Psalms 106.26 (AKJV) 0.961
Jeremiah 36.23 (Geneva) 0.961
Exodus 32.33 (Geneva) 0.961
John 13.32 (Tyndale) 0.961
Matthew 5.24 (Vulgate) 0.96
Romans 9.17 (ODRV) 0.96
Canticles 6.5 (AKJV) 0.96
2 Esdras 2.20 (AKJV) 0.96
Job 9.30 (Geneva) 0.96
Acts 7.40 (Geneva) 0.96
Psalms 109.7 (AKJV) 0.96
2 Maccabees 3.20 (AKJV) 0.96
Wisdom 7.29 (ODRV) 0.96
Romans 14.11 (ODRV) 0.96
Exodus 32.33 (AKJV) 0.96
Romans 10.3 (Geneva) 0.96
Romans 9.14 (Geneva) 0.959
Proverbs 16.4 (AKJV) 0.959
Psalms 31.5 (AKJV) 0.959
Joshua 10.13 (AKJV) 0.959
James 5.17 (AKJV) 0.959
Proverbs 21.13 (AKJV) 0.959
1 Corinthians 7.32 (ODRV) 0.959
John 3.35 (AKJV) 0.959
Leviticus 10.3 (Geneva) 0.959
Isaiah 48.11 (Geneva) 0.959
Hebrews 10.23 (ODRV) 0.958
John 5.44 (ODRV) 0.958
Proverbs 16.4 (Geneva) 0.958
Matthew 21.13 (Geneva) 0.958
John 14.14 (Geneva) 0.958
John 14.14 (AKJV) 0.958
Psalms 146.9 (ODRV) 0.958
1 Timothy 2.8 (ODRV) 0.958
Psalms 73.1 (Geneva) 0.958
Romans 9.14 (AKJV) 0.957
Matthew 5.16 (Vulgate) 0.957
Matthew 8.2 (ODRV) 0.957
Romans 10.13 (AKJV) 0.957
2 Corinthians 12.8 (AKJV) 0.957
James 4.3 (AKJV) 0.957
1 Peter 4.13 (ODRV) 0.957
1 John 4.14 (AKJV) 0.957
Romans 5.8 (Geneva) 0.957
James 4.10 (AKJV) 0.957
Jonah 2.2 (ODRV) 0.956
Luke 18.7 (ODRV) 0.956
Isaiah 40.29 (AKJV) 0.956
1 Timothy 6.16 (AKJV) 0.956
James 4.4 (Geneva) 0.956
Psalms 94.14 (AKJV) 0.956
2 Corinthians 1.22 (Tyndale) 0.955
Isaiah 1.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.955
John 3.33 (AKJV) 0.955
John 5.44 (Tyndale) 0.954
Matthew 6.12 (Geneva) 0.953
Hebrews 10.22 (Geneva) 0.951
Lamentations 3.41 (Geneva) 0.951
Philippians 4.6 (AKJV) 0.951
Hebrews 6.9 (ODRV) 0.951
1 Corinthians 15.28 (ODRV) 0.95
Matthew 5.7 (Tyndale) 0.95
Matthew 6.11 (Geneva) 0.948
James 5.16 (AKJV) 0.948
Romans 4.20 (AKJV) 0.947
Romans 3.24 (Tyndale) 0.945
1 Thessalonians 5.17 (Geneva) 0.944
Romans 8.26 (Geneva) 0.944
1 Timothy 1.17 (AKJV) 0.935
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.995
New Testament 2.093
Diversity: 0.962
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Canticles 3.1
Leviticus 2.86
Zechariah 2.829
1 Thessalonians 2.659
Hosea 2.628
Mark 2.564
2 Peter 2.457
Numbers 2.448
1 John 2.393
James 2.318
1 Samuel 2.129
Philippians 2.064
1 Timothy 2.048
Exodus 1.738
Jeremiah 1.607
2 Corinthians 1.45
Hebrews 1.063
Proverbs 0.899
Acts 0.834
John 0.776
Luke 0.744
1 Corinthians 0.63
Isaiah 0.556
Romans 0.115
Matthew 0.017
Psalms -1.188
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
Jeremiah 36 1.947
Psalms 100 1.942
Jeremiah 11 1.937
Psalms 141 1.916
Mark 1 1.913
Leviticus 10 1.913
Psalms 26 1.91
Canticles 6 1.904
1 Samuel 16 1.903
Psalms 147 1.894
Psalms 69 1.882
Isaiah 42 1.881
Isaiah 65 1.875
Zechariah 12 1.874
Psalms 31 1.869
Psalms 104 1.867
Hosea 2 1.861
Numbers 14 1.856
Proverbs 21 1.855
Hebrews 3 1.836
Matthew 14 1.834
Numbers 16 1.823
Luke 18 1.823
Exodus 32 1.817
1 John 5 1.81
2 Corinthians 12 1.8
Psalms 73 1.792
Romans 4 1.788
Matthew 21 1.779
James 4 1.778
Proverbs 16 1.777
James 5 1.774
1 Thessalonians 5 1.764
Psalms 50 1.754
1 Timothy 2 1.731
Philippians 4 1.731
Romans 9 1.727
John 5 1.717
Romans 14 1.698
1 Corinthians 10 1.692
Matthew 26 1.691
2 Peter 2 1.689
John 14 1.688
Isaiah 1 1.68
Hebrews 10 1.675
Acts 2 1.665
Acts 17 1.644
John 3 1.64
Hebrews 13 1.569
Matthew 5 1.461
Romans 8 1.428
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
Numbers 16.45 1.666
Jeremiah 36.29 1.666
John 14.14 1.665
Jeremiah 11.14 1.665
Numbers 14.21 1.665
Hosea 2.23 1.664
Acts 2.21 1.664
Matthew 14.23 1.664
Canticles 6.5 1.664
Psalms 104.27 1.664
Mark 1.40 1.664
Numbers 14.16 1.664
Jeremiah 36.23 1.664
Psalms 69.28 1.664
Exodus 32.33 1.664
Proverbs 21.13 1.663
Exodus 32.1 1.663
James 5.18 1.662
Romans 14.11 1.662
Acts 17.16 1.662
Psalms 141.2 1.661
Isaiah 65.24 1.661
John 3.33 1.661
Psalms 147.9 1.66
Luke 18.5 1.66
1 John 5.14 1.66
Psalms 26.6 1.66
Matthew 5.23 1.66
Romans 9.17 1.66
James 4.3 1.659
John 5.44 1.659
1 Samuel 16.1 1.657
John 3.15 1.657
Psalms 31.5 1.656
1 Thessalonians 5.17 1.656
James 5.17 1.656
Matthew 5.24 1.654
Psalms 73.1 1.654
Leviticus 10.3 1.654
1 Timothy 2.8 1.653
2 Peter 2.7 1.653
Matthew 26.41 1.652
Matthew 5.7 1.652
Philippians 4.6 1.652
Romans 4.20 1.652
Proverbs 16.4 1.651
Matthew 21.13 1.649
Hebrews 3.6 1.649
Exodus 32.32 1.648
Isaiah 42.8 1.647
Hebrews 10.22 1.646
2 Corinthians 12.8 1.644
Romans 8.26 1.641
1 Corinthians 10.31 1.64
Psalms 50.15 1.638
James 5.16 1.636
Hebrews 13.13 1.635
Romans 9.3 1.635
Matthew 5.16 1.63
Zechariah 12.10 1.624
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase