Early English Printed Sermons


Foure sermons vpon the seuen chiefe vertues or principall effectes of faith and the doctrine of election: wherein euerie man may learne, whother he be Gods childe or no. Preached at Malden in Essex by Master George Gifford, penned from his mouth, and corrected and giuen to the Countesse of Sussex, for a Newyeeres gift.

Gifford, George, d. 1620
Josua, Richard
Publisher: By Thomas Dawson for Tobie Cooke at the Tigers head in Paules Churchyard
Place of Publication: London
Publication Year: 1582
Approximate Era: Elizabeth
TCP ID: A01724 ESTC ID: S118830 STC ID: 11858
Subject Headings: ;
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Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 1.6% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 0.9% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 82.4% 100.0%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 1.3% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.7% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 4.4% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.876
Evenness: 0.977
Part Prominence
Apocrypha (AKJV) 13.624
New Testament (Tyndale) 8.16
New Testament (Vulgate) 4.282
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 0.539
Old Testament (Geneva) -0.844
New Testament (Geneva) -1.967
New Testament (ODRV) -2.047
Old Testament (AKJV) -2.955
New Testament (AKJV) -3.337
Diversity: 0.968
Evenness: 0.949
Book Prominence
2 Peter (Geneva) 11.767
2 Peter (AKJV) 4.986
2 Corinthians (ODRV) 3.299
1 Thessalonians (Tyndale) 2.457
2 Peter (Tyndale) 2.445
Galatians (Tyndale) 2.287
1 John (ODRV) 2.236
Ecclesiasticus (AKJV) 2.062
Romans (Tyndale) 1.715
2 Timothy (Vulgate) 1.332
2 Peter (Vulgate) 1.306
Colossians (Vulgate) 1.275
2 Corinthians (Vulgate) 1.248
Titus (Tyndale) 1.218
2 Peter (ODRV) 1.128
James (Tyndale) 1.114
2 Timothy (ODRV) 1.09
1 Thessalonians (ODRV) 1.059
Colossians (Geneva) 0.974
Philippians (Geneva) 0.933
James (Geneva) 0.929
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.908
James (ODRV) 0.893
1 John (Geneva) 0.891
Galatians (Geneva) 0.868
Colossians (AKJV) 0.844
1 Timothy (Geneva) 0.83
2 Timothy (AKJV) 0.82
Revelation (AKJV) 0.817
1 Peter (Geneva) 0.769
James (AKJV) 0.706
Galatians (AKJV) 0.68
Job (Geneva) 0.652
1 Timothy (AKJV) 0.644
2 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.603
Luke (Tyndale) 0.576
John (Geneva) 0.481
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 0.479
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 0.476
John (Tyndale) 0.474
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.456
Isaiah (Geneva) 0.446
Ephesians (AKJV) 0.4
John (ODRV) 0.296
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.266
Matthew (Geneva) 0.19
John (AKJV) 0.167
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.162
Romans (ODRV) 0.101
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.069
Matthew (ODRV) -0.062
Romans (Geneva) -0.109
1 Corinthians (AKJV) -0.217
Psalms (Geneva) -0.464
Romans (AKJV) -0.491
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.966
Chapter Prominence
2 Peter 1 (Geneva) 8.275
2 Peter 1 (AKJV) 3.601
2 Corinthians 5 (ODRV) 2.604
1 Thessalonians 1 (Tyndale) 1.845
2 Corinthians 1 (Geneva) 1.822
Galatians 2 (Tyndale) 1.816
Ecclesiasticus 33 (AKJV) 1.813
2 Peter 1 (Tyndale) 1.812
1 John 4 (ODRV) 1.798
Romans 8 (Tyndale) 1.735
2 Corinthians 3 (Vulgate) 0.928
2 Timothy 2 (Vulgate) 0.928
Colossians 2 (Vulgate) 0.924
Job 41 (Geneva) 0.92
Ecclesiasticus 23 (AKJV) 0.92
Isaiah 29 (Geneva) 0.916
2 Peter 1 (Vulgate) 0.914
Ecclesiasticus 27 (AKJV) 0.914
Galatians 2 (Geneva) 0.913
Isaiah 28 (Geneva) 0.913
Luke 14 (Tyndale) 0.912
2 Corinthians 6 (Tyndale) 0.908
Titus 2 (Tyndale) 0.907
2 Corinthians 8 (ODRV) 0.907
Colossians 1 (Vulgate) 0.907
Isaiah 28 (AKJV) 0.902
James 1 (Tyndale) 0.899
1 Thessalonians 4 (ODRV) 0.898
Galatians 2 (AKJV) 0.897
Psalms 51 (Geneva) 0.896
Revelation 1 (AKJV) 0.893
John 13 (ODRV) 0.893
James 5 (Geneva) 0.891
John 7 (Tyndale) 0.891
John 15 (ODRV) 0.887
1 Thessalonians 4 (Tyndale) 0.883
Isaiah 14 (Douay-Rheims) 0.883
Matthew 22 (Geneva) 0.882
2 Corinthians 3 (ODRV) 0.881
Isaiah 5 (Geneva) 0.879
Romans 9 (ODRV) 0.875
1 Corinthians 7 (Tyndale) 0.874
2 Corinthians 11 (Geneva) 0.869
Isaiah 5 (AKJV) 0.869
1 Corinthians 2 (Tyndale) 0.868
1 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 0.863
1 John 2 (Geneva) 0.861
2 Peter 1 (ODRV) 0.86
James 1 (Geneva) 0.859
2 Timothy 3 (ODRV) 0.858
James 1 (ODRV) 0.857
2 Corinthians 4 (ODRV) 0.857
1 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 0.856
Matthew 10 (ODRV) 0.852
2 Peter 3 (AKJV) 0.847
Romans 9 (AKJV) 0.844
1 Corinthians 13 (AKJV) 0.841
Romans 10 (ODRV) 0.839
Colossians 1 (Geneva) 0.837
John 1 (ODRV) 0.834
John 6 (Geneva) 0.833
James 2 (ODRV) 0.831
Matthew 5 (Tyndale) 0.831
John 6 (AKJV) 0.829
1 Corinthians 12 (ODRV) 0.826
John 1 (Tyndale) 0.824
John 6 (Tyndale) 0.823
1 John 3 (Geneva) 0.815
2 Corinthians 5 (Geneva) 0.814
Philippians 2 (Geneva) 0.813
James 2 (AKJV) 0.812
Colossians 1 (AKJV) 0.811
1 Corinthians 15 (Tyndale) 0.802
1 Peter 2 (Geneva) 0.796
2 Timothy 2 (AKJV) 0.795
2 Corinthians 4 (AKJV) 0.794
Galatians 6 (AKJV) 0.793
James 1 (AKJV) 0.79
2 Corinthians 5 (AKJV) 0.775
Romans 2 (Geneva) 0.773
Romans 6 (Geneva) 0.748
Romans 8 (ODRV) 0.748
Romans 8 (Geneva) 0.747
Romans 12 (AKJV) 0.734
Romans 6 (AKJV) 0.732
1 Corinthians 15 (ODRV) 0.618
Ephesians 4 (AKJV) 0.582
Diversity: 0.986
Evenness: 0.957
Verse Prominence
2 Peter 1.5 (Geneva) 5.131
2 Peter 1.7 (Geneva) 3.992
2 Peter 1.3 (Geneva) 3.426
2 Peter 1.6 (Geneva) 2.84
2 Peter 1.11 (Geneva) 2.281
2 Peter 1.5 (AKJV) 2.258
2 Peter 1.9 (Geneva) 1.713
2 Peter 1.8 (Geneva) 1.713
2 Peter 1.4 (ODRV) 1.712
2 Corinthians 5.19 (ODRV) 1.705
2 Peter 1.10 (Geneva) 1.673
Galatians 2.7 (Tyndale) 1.142
2 Peter 1.1 (Geneva) 1.14
2 Peter 1.5 (ODRV) 1.14
2 Peter 1.5 (Tyndale) 1.136
2 Corinthians 1.22 (Geneva) 1.136
2 Peter 1.11 (ODRV) 1.135
1 Thessalonians 1.4 (Tyndale) 1.134
Romans 9.18 (ODRV) 1.134
1 John 4.21 (ODRV) 1.126
Romans 8.14 (Tyndale) 1.122
2 Peter 1.7 (AKJV) 1.116
Ecclesiasticus 33.10 (AKJV) 1.107
2 Peter 1.8 (ODRV) 0.571
2 Peter 1.2 (Geneva) 0.571
Galatians 2.8 (AKJV) 0.571
Galatians 2.7 (AKJV) 0.571
Galatians 2.8 (Geneva) 0.571
1 Corinthians 12.6 (ODRV) 0.571
Luke 14.6 (Tyndale) 0.571
2 Corinthians 3.5 (Vulgate) 0.57
Job 41.8 (Geneva) 0.57
2 Corinthians 6.15 (Tyndale) 0.57
James 1.26 (Tyndale) 0.57
1 Thessalonians 4.7 (Tyndale) 0.57
1 Corinthians 15.48 (ODRV) 0.57
Isaiah 28.9 (AKJV) 0.57
Isaiah 29.12 (Geneva) 0.57
James 1.19 (ODRV) 0.57
2 Peter 1.8 (Tyndale) 0.57
2 Timothy 2.26 (Vulgate) 0.57
1 John 2.11 (Geneva) 0.57
Romans 9.2 (ODRV) 0.57
James 5.11 (Geneva) 0.569
1 Timothy 4.8 (AKJV) 0.569
Isaiah 28.10 (Geneva) 0.569
John 7.24 (Tyndale) 0.569
Romans 8.2 (Geneva) 0.569
1 John 3.19 (Geneva) 0.569
Romans 10.13 (ODRV) 0.569
1 Peter 2.16 (Geneva) 0.569
James 1.14 (Geneva) 0.568
2 Peter 3.1 (AKJV) 0.568
1 Corinthians 7.22 (Tyndale) 0.568
John 1.4 (ODRV) 0.568
Colossians 2.9 (Vulgate) 0.568
2 Corinthians 3.6 (ODRV) 0.568
1 Corinthians 15.19 (Tyndale) 0.568
Ecclesiasticus 23.25 (AKJV) 0.568
Ecclesiasticus 27.30 (AKJV) 0.568
Titus 2.13 (Tyndale) 0.568
Romans 12.20 (AKJV) 0.568
John 13.17 (ODRV) 0.568
Romans 9.16 (ODRV) 0.568
1 Corinthians 2.10 (Tyndale) 0.568
2 Timothy 3.5 (ODRV) 0.567
2 Corinthians 11.5 (Geneva) 0.567
John 6.54 (Tyndale) 0.567
John 1.4 (Tyndale) 0.567
John 15.8 (ODRV) 0.567
Romans 9.16 (AKJV) 0.567
2 Peter 1.10 (AKJV) 0.567
Psalms 51.5 (Geneva) 0.566
2 Peter 1.4 (Geneva) 0.566
2 Peter 1.12 (ODRV) 0.566
1 Thessalonians 4.11 (ODRV) 0.566
James 1.13 (Geneva) 0.565
James 1.26 (ODRV) 0.565
2 Corinthians 8.7 (ODRV) 0.565
2 Corinthians 4.4 (ODRV) 0.565
2 Corinthians 3.5 (ODRV) 0.565
Matthew 10.7 (ODRV) 0.565
Romans 12.6 (AKJV) 0.564
John 6.48 (AKJV) 0.564
John 6.48 (Geneva) 0.564
John 6.63 (Geneva) 0.564
Romans 8.2 (ODRV) 0.564
Matthew 22.37 (Geneva) 0.563
Isaiah 5.21 (AKJV) 0.563
Isaiah 5.21 (Geneva) 0.563
2 Corinthians 4.4 (AKJV) 0.563
Colossians 1.13 (Geneva) 0.562
Colossians 1.13 (AKJV) 0.562
James 1.15 (ODRV) 0.562
Romans 8.35 (Geneva) 0.562
2 Peter 1.6 (AKJV) 0.561
James 1.13 (AKJV) 0.56
2 Timothy 2.25 (AKJV) 0.56
Romans 8.16 (ODRV) 0.56
Romans 8.38 (Geneva) 0.56
James 1.14 (AKJV) 0.559
Philippians 2.11 (Geneva) 0.559
1 Corinthians 13.9 (AKJV) 0.559
James 2.14 (AKJV) 0.559
James 2.17 (ODRV) 0.557
2 Peter 1.7 (Vulgate) 0.557
James 1.27 (ODRV) 0.557
Romans 2.7 (Geneva) 0.557
Revelation 1.6 (AKJV) 0.557
2 Corinthians 4.6 (AKJV) 0.557
Ephesians 4.20 (AKJV) 0.556
Colossians 1.14 (Vulgate) 0.556
Isaiah 14.15 (Douay-Rheims) 0.553
2 Corinthians 5.20 (Geneva) 0.551
John 6.55 (AKJV) 0.55
2 Corinthians 5.20 (AKJV) 0.548
Ephesians 4.32 (AKJV) 0.546
Matthew 5.44 (Tyndale) 0.545
Romans 8.14 (ODRV) 0.542
1 Timothy 4.8 (Geneva) 0.539
James 1.15 (AKJV) 0.539
Romans 6.23 (Geneva) 0.524
Romans 6.23 (AKJV) 0.522
Galatians 6.10 (AKJV) 0.518
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.666
New Testament 1.805
Diversity: 0.857
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
1 Thessalonians 13.208
2 Corinthians 11.984
John 11.08
1 Corinthians 10.995
Isaiah 10.904
Romans 10.331
Matthew 10.106
Diversity: 0.9
Evenness: 1.0
Chapter Prominence
1 Thessalonians 1 9.937
Isaiah 28 9.896
2 Corinthians 3 9.854
John 15 9.779
2 Corinthians 4 9.771
1 Corinthians 13 9.769
Romans 12 9.645
2 Corinthians 5 9.626
Matthew 5 9.444
Romans 8 9.398
Diversity: 0.0
Evenness: 1.0
Verse Prominence
2 Corinthians 5.18 99.968
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase