Early English Printed Sermons


Gemitus columbæ: the mournfull note of the dove. A sermon preached at Margarets Westminster, before the Honourable House of Commons, at their solemn fast, Decemb. 25. 1644. By John Langley, minister of West-Tuderly in the county of Southampton, and a member of the Assembly of Divines.

Langley, John, d. 1657
Publisher: Printed by Joh Raworth for Philemon Stephens dwelling in Pauls Church yard at the Guilded Lion
Place of Publication: London
Publication Year: 1644
Approximate Era: CivilWar
TCP ID: A88692 ESTC ID: R7755 STC ID: L404
Subject Headings: Bible. -- O.T. -- Psalms LXXIV, 19-20; Fast-day sermons -- 17th century; Sermons, English -- 17th century;
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Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 6.3% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 4.3% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 88.1% 100.0%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.6% -inf%
NonLatinAlphabet Percentage of units with a NonLatinAlphabet placeholder 0.4% -inf%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 8.2% -inf%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% -inf%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 5.4% -inf%
foreign_italicized Percentage of units with QP and foreign italicized text 0.6% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_italicized Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and italicized foreign text 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.871
Evenness: 0.945
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) 11.448
Old Testament (AKJV) 7.954
Old Testament (Vulgate) 4.984
Apocrypha (AKJV) 2.109
New Testament (AKJV) 0.906
Old Testament (ODRV) 0.297
Old Testament (Geneva) -3.268
New Testament (Tyndale) -3.355
New Testament (Geneva) -4.392
New Testament (ODRV) -4.471
Diversity: 0.972
Evenness: 0.982
Book Prominence
Isaiah (Douay-Rheims) 5.124
Canticles (Geneva) 3.834
2 Samuel (AKJV) 3.623
1 John (AKJV) 3.4
Philippians (AKJV) 3.238
Psalms (AKJV) 3.219
Judith (AKJV) 1.964
Zechariah (Douay-Rheims) 1.862
Psalms (Vulgate) 1.835
Zechariah (AKJV) 1.803
2 Samuel (Geneva) 1.775
Canticles (AKJV) 1.759
2 Chronicles (AKJV) 1.65
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.581
2 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.557
Jeremiah (Geneva) 1.551
Galatians (Geneva) 1.517
Ecclesiastes (Geneva) 1.505
Acts (Tyndale) 1.466
Genesis (ODRV) 1.453
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.418
Exodus (AKJV) 1.417
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.347
Galatians (AKJV) 1.328
Acts (ODRV) 1.312
Job (Geneva) 1.301
Hebrews (Geneva) 1.258
Acts (AKJV) 1.166
John (Tyndale) 1.123
Genesis (AKJV) 1.102
Luke (Geneva) 1.101
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.094
Job (AKJV) 1.006
John (ODRV) 0.945
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.914
Luke (AKJV) 0.802
Psalms (ODRV) 0.79
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.717
Romans (Geneva) 0.54
Matthew (AKJV) 0.485
Psalms (Geneva) 0.185
Romans (AKJV) 0.157
Diversity: 0.981
Evenness: 0.986
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 74 (AKJV) 4.265
Isaiah 11 (Douay-Rheims) 4.254
Jeremiah 12 (AKJV) 2.845
Canticles 8 (Geneva) 2.838
2 Samuel 23 (AKJV) 2.832
1 John 2 (AKJV) 2.745
Philippians 4 (AKJV) 2.683
Psalms 139 (Vulgate) 1.428
Judith 8 (AKJV) 1.426
Psalms 73 (ODRV) 1.425
1 Samuel 27 (AKJV) 1.425
Psalms 37 (ODRV) 1.422
2 Samuel 23 (Geneva) 1.421
Psalms 120 (Geneva) 1.421
Jeremiah 14 (Geneva) 1.421
Isaiah 11 (Geneva) 1.42
2 Chronicles 14 (AKJV) 1.42
Psalms 90 (ODRV) 1.419
Acts 27 (Tyndale) 1.419
Job 8 (Geneva) 1.418
Exodus 24 (AKJV) 1.418
Psalms 129 (Geneva) 1.416
Zechariah 12 (Douay-Rheims) 1.416
Acts 27 (ODRV) 1.416
Jeremiah 14 (AKJV) 1.415
Canticles 3 (AKJV) 1.413
Psalms 128 (AKJV) 1.412
Matthew 14 (Tyndale) 1.409
Canticles 6 (AKJV) 1.408
Isaiah 11 (AKJV) 1.406
Psalms 129 (AKJV) 1.405
Psalms 88 (ODRV) 1.401
Psalms 66 (Geneva) 1.401
Genesis 15 (AKJV) 1.4
Zechariah 12 (AKJV) 1.4
Ecclesiastes 8 (Geneva) 1.399
Matthew 8 (AKJV) 1.399
John 10 (Tyndale) 1.398
Psalms 38 (AKJV) 1.395
Matthew 28 (AKJV) 1.389
Jeremiah 8 (AKJV) 1.388
2 Corinthians 1 (Tyndale) 1.387
Job 1 (AKJV) 1.382
Psalms 49 (Geneva) 1.378
Acts 4 (AKJV) 1.374
Luke 21 (Geneva) 1.371
Luke 21 (AKJV) 1.368
Matthew 10 (Tyndale) 1.366
Genesis 1 (ODRV) 1.365
John 11 (ODRV) 1.354
Galatians 3 (Geneva) 1.353
1 Peter 4 (Geneva) 1.353
Isaiah 1 (Geneva) 1.347
Psalms 104 (AKJV) 1.343
Hebrews 11 (Geneva) 1.326
Galatians 3 (AKJV) 1.324
Romans 7 (AKJV) 1.323
Psalms 37 (AKJV) 1.273
Galatians 5 (AKJV) 1.261
Romans 8 (Geneva) 1.241
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 1.208
Diversity: 0.982
Evenness: 0.987
Verse Prominence
Psalms 74.20 (AKJV) 4.164
Isaiah 11.6 (Douay-Rheims) 4.153
Jeremiah 12.9 (AKJV) 2.777
Philippians 4.2 (AKJV) 2.776
Canticles 8.8 (Geneva) 2.773
1 John 2.19 (AKJV) 2.772
2 Samuel 23.4 (AKJV) 2.765
Psalms 73.19 (ODRV) 1.389
Job 1.14 (AKJV) 1.389
Isaiah 11.6 (Geneva) 1.389
Psalms 139.2 (Vulgate) 1.389
Acts 27.19 (Tyndale) 1.389
Acts 27.34 (ODRV) 1.389
Psalms 37.10 (ODRV) 1.388
Psalms 129.3 (Geneva) 1.388
John 11.29 (ODRV) 1.388
Job 8.11 (Geneva) 1.388
Matthew 8.24 (AKJV) 1.388
Genesis 15.17 (AKJV) 1.388
Hebrews 11.33 (Geneva) 1.388
Judith 8.19 (AKJV) 1.388
Jeremiah 14.7 (Geneva) 1.388
Exodus 24.10 (AKJV) 1.388
2 Samuel 23.5 (Geneva) 1.387
Psalms 74.19 (AKJV) 1.387
Psalms 38.9 (AKJV) 1.387
Acts 4.13 (AKJV) 1.387
John 10.31 (Tyndale) 1.387
Canticles 3.3 (AKJV) 1.387
Luke 21.16 (AKJV) 1.387
2 Chronicles 14.11 (AKJV) 1.387
Jeremiah 14.7 (AKJV) 1.387
Galatians 3.4 (AKJV) 1.387
Psalms 128.6 (AKJV) 1.387
2 Corinthians 1.10 (Tyndale) 1.387
Psalms 90.11 (ODRV) 1.386
Matthew 14.28 (Tyndale) 1.386
Isaiah 1.3 (Geneva) 1.386
Psalms 129.3 (AKJV) 1.386
Genesis 1.3 (ODRV) 1.386
Psalms 88.34 (ODRV) 1.386
Galatians 5.7 (AKJV) 1.386
1 Samuel 27.1 (AKJV) 1.386
Isaiah 11.9 (AKJV) 1.385
Psalms 120.5 (Geneva) 1.385
Zechariah 12.3 (AKJV) 1.385
Galatians 3.4 (Geneva) 1.385
Canticles 6.3 (AKJV) 1.384
Luke 21.17 (Geneva) 1.384
Romans 8.32 (Geneva) 1.384
Zechariah 12.10 (Douay-Rheims) 1.384
Psalms 37.38 (AKJV) 1.384
Psalms 104.25 (AKJV) 1.383
Matthew 10.16 (Tyndale) 1.383
Psalms 119.6 (AKJV) 1.382
1 Peter 4.17 (Geneva) 1.382
Jeremiah 8.7 (AKJV) 1.381
2 Samuel 23.3 (AKJV) 1.381
Psalms 66.18 (Geneva) 1.381
Ecclesiastes 8.11 (Geneva) 1.38
Psalms 49.20 (Geneva) 1.375
Matthew 28.20 (AKJV) 1.369
Romans 7.24 (AKJV) 1.364
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.444
Evenness: 0.918
Part Prominence
Old Testament 19.333
New Testament -14.862
Diversity: 0.976
Evenness: 0.996
Book Prominence
Haggai 4.182
Zephaniah 1.972
Apocalypse 1.825
Ezra 1.808
Esther 1.767
Nehemiah 1.677
1 Chronicles 1.614
Canticles 1.526
Micah 1.438
Joshua 1.347
Zechariah 1.302
Leviticus 1.247
Judges 1.125
Hosea 1.025
2 Chronicles 0.986
Mark 0.916
2 Kings 0.904
Daniel 0.887
Numbers 0.794
1 John 0.788
1 Kings 0.746
Ezekiel 0.618
2 Samuel 0.608
Philippians 0.475
1 Samuel 0.44
1 Peter 0.191
Exodus 0.107
Revelation 0.096
Deuteronomy 0.091
Jeremiah -0.019
Job -0.02
2 Corinthians -0.08
Genesis -0.403
Hebrews -0.563
Psalms -0.727
Proverbs -0.825
Acts -0.981
John -0.984
Luke -0.996
1 Corinthians -1.068
Isaiah -1.159
Romans -1.733
Matthew -1.958
Diversity: 0.993
Evenness: 0.997
Chapter Prominence
Zechariah 8 1.352
Zechariah 1 1.349
Psalms 74 1.342
Haggai 2 1.328
Isaiah 11 1.286
Jeremiah 40 0.691
Apocalypse 9 0.686
Apocalypse 13 0.681
Ezekiel 43 0.679
Apocalypse 20 0.678
2 Chronicles 14 0.676
Judges 13 0.676
1 Chronicles 21 0.674
1 Chronicles 12 0.674
Daniel 11 0.673
Nehemiah 5 0.671
Exodus 6 0.67
Esther 9 0.67
Exodus 24 0.668
Judges 20 0.665
Micah 5 0.664
Ezekiel 1 0.664
Nehemiah 1 0.663
Revelation 15 0.663
Hosea 1 0.663
Psalms 99 0.662
Zephaniah 3 0.659
Micah 4 0.658
Esther 4 0.657
Ezra 7 0.657
Zechariah 3 0.657
Zechariah 2 0.656
Zechariah 7 0.654
Jeremiah 50 0.653
Isaiah 4 0.653
Isaiah 62 0.652
Psalms 124 0.651
Psalms 120 0.65
Psalms 95 0.649
Jeremiah 14 0.647
Canticles 8 0.647
1 Samuel 7 0.645
Mark 1 0.645
Ezra 9 0.641
Haggai 1 0.64
Zechariah 4 0.639
Jeremiah 30 0.639
Nehemiah 9 0.639
Ezekiel 9 0.639
2 Chronicles 15 0.638
Jeremiah 12 0.638
Psalms 76 0.637
Revelation 16 0.632
Psalms 46 0.631
2 Kings 23 0.63
Psalms 66 0.63
Jeremiah 18 0.629
2 Samuel 23 0.629
Revelation 11 0.627
Daniel 7 0.627
Hosea 14 0.626
1 Kings 3 0.626
Joshua 24 0.622
2 Samuel 21 0.621
Isaiah 7 0.62
Canticles 1 0.618
Genesis 15 0.618
Isaiah 42 0.617
Ezekiel 36 0.615
Jeremiah 4 0.614
Psalms 126 0.614
Revelation 19 0.612
Jeremiah 8 0.611
Psalms 31 0.61
2 Samuel 19 0.607
Isaiah 66 0.603
Psalms 3 0.602
Numbers 23 0.602
Isaiah 63 0.601
Isaiah 10 0.6
Leviticus 26 0.598
Daniel 6 0.598
Zechariah 12 0.598
Numbers 14 0.597
2 Chronicles 20 0.597
Matthew 14 0.595
Isaiah 45 0.592
Isaiah 28 0.591
2 Samuel 15 0.589
Proverbs 29 0.587
Psalms 68 0.585
Psalms 49 0.585
Ezekiel 16 0.584
Psalms 107 0.583
1 Kings 18 0.582
Isaiah 2 0.582
Daniel 12 0.581
John 2 0.578
Luke 7 0.572
Revelation 12 0.57
Micah 6 0.568
Micah 7 0.568
Luke 21 0.566
Proverbs 23 0.561
Isaiah 9 0.558
Isaiah 3 0.558
Exodus 32 0.551
Psalms 122 0.544
Judges 5 0.542
Luke 18 0.533
Genesis 4 0.528
Job 1 0.527
2 Corinthians 1 0.521
Matthew 3 0.52
John 10 0.503
1 Peter 4 0.502
Psalms 9 0.49
1 John 2 0.484
Acts 4 0.48
John 15 0.473
Deuteronomy 32 0.471
2 Corinthians 6 0.471
Romans 7 0.471
Revelation 2 0.47
Luke 1 0.47
Philippians 4 0.465
Matthew 24 0.46
Matthew 28 0.454
1 Corinthians 2 0.453
Psalms 2 0.427
Matthew 11 0.414
Matthew 10 0.399
Isaiah 1 0.379
Acts 17 0.373
John 3 0.361
1 Corinthians 1 0.357
Philippians 3 0.322
Psalms 119 0.299
Hebrews 11 0.249
Diversity: 0.994
Evenness: 0.996
Verse Prominence
Zechariah 1.18 1.135
Zechariah 1.19 1.135
Zechariah 1.20 1.135
Psalms 74.19 1.134
Psalms 74.20 1.134
Zechariah 1.21 1.134
Zechariah 3.2 1.126
Zechariah 8.19 1.125
Haggai 2.7 1.121
Isaiah 11.6 1.114
2 Samuel 19.7 0.568
2 Samuel 19.8 0.568
Zechariah 2.7 0.568
1 Chronicles 21.24 0.568
1 Chronicles 12.39 0.568
Apocalypse 20.8 0.568
Luke 21.7 0.568
Apocalypse 9.20 0.568
Judges 13.19 0.568
Exodus 24.10 0.567
Zechariah 4.8 0.567
Luke 18.6 0.567
Nehemiah 5.19 0.567
Judges 20.27 0.567
Judges 20.28 0.567
Zephaniah 3.8 0.567
2 Samuel 19.5 0.567
Luke 1.14 0.567
Jeremiah 4.21 0.567
Isaiah 28.6 0.567
Psalms 66.3 0.567
Esther 9.1 0.567
1 Chronicles 12.38 0.567
1 Chronicles 12.40 0.567
Revelation 11.16 0.567
Canticles 1.16 0.567
1 John 2.10 0.567
Jeremiah 14.7 0.566
Luke 7.8 0.566
John 2.7 0.566
Jeremiah 8.20 0.566
Mark 1.2 0.566
Psalms 107.6 0.566
Isaiah 28.5 0.566
Daniel 11.32 0.566
Revelation 11.17 0.566
Isaiah 63.8 0.566
Matthew 14.21 0.566
Jeremiah 12.9 0.566
Genesis 15.17 0.566
Hosea 1.6 0.566
Ezekiel 36.32 0.565
Hebrews 11.30 0.565
Micah 4.5 0.565
Exodus 32.9 0.565
Esther 4.13 0.565
Zechariah 7.6 0.565
Mark 1.3 0.565
Isaiah 42.24 0.565
Deuteronomy 32.31 0.565
Haggai 1.7 0.565
Haggai 1.8 0.565
Haggai 2.6 0.565
Psalms 124.8 0.565
Isaiah 66.10 0.565
Revelation 15.4 0.565
Nehemiah 9.38 0.565
Canticles 8.8 0.565
Apocalypse 20.12 0.565
Revelation 2.23 0.564
Judges 20.26 0.564
Jeremiah 30.7 0.564
Proverbs 29.8 0.564
Psalms 31.24 0.564
Isaiah 45.15 0.564
Psalms 99.8 0.564
Isaiah 9.14 0.564
Jeremiah 30.21 0.564
2 Samuel 21.16 0.564
Isaiah 7.20 0.564
2 Samuel 23.4 0.564
Jeremiah 4.3 0.563
Isaiah 10.12 0.563
Ezekiel 43.11 0.563
Daniel 12.10 0.563
Revelation 16.15 0.563
Revelation 15.2 0.563
Psalms 46.7 0.563
Psalms 9.9 0.562
Numbers 14.24 0.562
Jeremiah 4.22 0.562
Ezra 7.23 0.562
Psalms 3.8 0.562
Acts 4.13 0.562
Jeremiah 50.5 0.561
Hosea 14.8 0.561
Psalms 68.1 0.561
Leviticus 26.25 0.561
Zechariah 3.1 0.561
Nehemiah 1.3 0.561
Micah 7.1 0.561
Micah 7.2 0.561
Job 1.14 0.561
2 Chronicles 14.11 0.561
2 Kings 23.26 0.56
2 Samuel 19.6 0.56
Micah 5.5 0.56
Revelation 12.11 0.56
1 Samuel 7.6 0.56
Isaiah 4.5 0.56
Nehemiah 1.4 0.56
2 Samuel 15.25 0.56
Psalms 49.12 0.56
Esther 4.14 0.559
Psalms 126.6 0.559
2 Corinthians 6.18 0.559
Revelation 19.2 0.559
Genesis 4.4 0.559
Jeremiah 8.22 0.558
Psalms 126.5 0.558
Psalms 124.6 0.558
Psalms 124.7 0.558
Zechariah 4.6 0.557
Proverbs 23.23 0.557
Daniel 6.26 0.557
1 Peter 4.4 0.557
John 3.20 0.557
Isaiah 62.7 0.556
Matthew 11.12 0.556
2 Samuel 15.26 0.556
Psalms 76.10 0.556
Philippians 3.2 0.556
Revelation 15.3 0.555
Ezra 9.14 0.555
Psalms 2.6 0.554
1 Kings 3.9 0.554
2 Samuel 23.5 0.554
2 Corinthians 1.10 0.554
2 Chronicles 15.2 0.553
Jeremiah 18.7 0.553
Matthew 3.10 0.553
Psalms 46.1 0.553
Jeremiah 18.8 0.552
Zechariah 4.7 0.552
Zechariah 7.5 0.552
Matthew 11.25 0.552
Isaiah 2.4 0.552
2 Samuel 23.3 0.552
1 Corinthians 1.27 0.551
Jeremiah 8.7 0.55
2 Kings 23.25 0.549
Exodus 32.10 0.549
Ezra 9.13 0.549
John 15.19 0.549
Hebrews 11.7 0.548
2 Corinthians 6.17 0.547
2 Samuel 21.17 0.545
Joshua 24.15 0.541
1 Corinthians 2.8 0.54
Exodus 6.7 0.539
1 Kings 18.21 0.539
Micah 6.9 0.537
2 Chronicles 20.12 0.537
Acts 17.30 0.533
Judges 5.23 0.515
Psalms 122.6 0.49
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase