Early English Printed Sermons


A sermon preached (before God, and from him) to the Honourable House of Commons. At a publike fast, Novemb. 27. in the yeare GoD Is oVr refVge, oVr strength; a heLpe In troVbLes VerIe aboVnDant VVe finDe. By George Gipps rector of Elston in Leicester-shire, one of the Assembly of Divines. Published by order of the said House.

Gipps, George, d. 1654
Publisher: Printed for Christopher Meredith at the signe of the Crane in Pauls Church yard
Place of Publication: London
Publication Year: 1644
Approximate Era: CivilWar
TCP ID: A86017 ESTC ID: R18994 STC ID: G779
Subject Headings: Bible. -- O.T. -- Psalms XLVI, 1; Fast-day sermons -- 17th century; Sermons, English -- 17th century;
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Textual Features and Statistics

Nota Bene: QP stands for "quotation/paraphrase." A "unit" stands for a segment produced by EEPS' segmentation unit or an individual marginal note. Adjacent references are those that are located in the same or adjacent segment or note. Chapter-level citations are relevant if the chapter matches that of the query. For book-level queries, all references to the same Bible book are relevant. A "Latin Bible QP" is a quotation or paraphrase of any verse from a Bible that follows the Latin Vulgate tradition: the Vulgate, Douay-Rheims Version, the ODRV, and Wycliffe's version.
Feature Description In-Text Marginal
cited Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent citation 9.2% -inf%
cited_exact Percentage of units with QP and an adjacent matching citation 6.6% -inf%
originality Percentage of units that do not exhibit scriptural text reuse 85.1% 93.2%
Foreign Percentage of units with foreign text 0.5% 4.6%
Italicization Percentage of units with italicized spans of text 10.6% 6.8%
sim_score Average cosine similarity score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% 0.7%
cross_score Average cross encoder score of top Bible verse predictions per unit 0.8% 0.6%
near_quotations Percentage of units that have high lexical similarity with their Bible verse predictions (any type of score greater than the mean + standard deviation of that score type) 4.1% -inf%
foreign_cited Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.3% -inf%
foreign_cited_exact Percentage of units with QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP and foreign text 0.2% 2.3%
foreign_latin_cited Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent citation 0.2% -inf%
foreign_latin_cited_exact Percentage of units with Latin Bible QP, foreign text, and an adjacent matching citation 0.2% -inf%



Quotations and Paraphrases

Rather than examine the frequency or proportion of references, it is far more useful to determine which references are most prominent for a citing entity. The visualizations below show the most prominent scriptural references within all publications per year. Prominence, displayed as the value below each label, is measured using the metric of Outgoing Relative Citational Prominence (ORCP) proposed by Wahle et al. (2023). In this case, a positive prominence value for a reference R in a given year means that R constitutes a greater percentage of all the references cited by publications in that year than the average citation percentage of R per year. A negative value indicates that a given reference constitutes a proportion lesser than average. A value of negative infinity means that the query reference does not occur in the citation or QP of a citing entity. A value of "%" (without any numeral value) means that there are no citations or QP corresponding to the query reference.

For quotational prominence, only the predictions with the highest cosine similarity scores for each subsegmented or whole unit of a segment or note are included for consideration. The average quotational prominence for a citing entity is the mean of the prominence percentage points for all references R_ALL that are relevant to the query reference such that each reference R in R_ALL has the highest cosine similarity score with a part or the whole of its covering body segment or marginal note. The percentages of top predictions from each Bible version are displayed in a table below.

For citational prominence, only pluasible scriptural citations and ones where the original phrase does not begin with a lowercase word are included for consideration. A scriptural citation is plausible if its numbering exists in any of the Bibles considered by this project. There are over 76 thousand such excluded candidates out of 1.2 million parsed citational units in total. Each of the four side-by-side tables below also have associated diversity and evenness scores; Simpson's Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1 such that a higher score indicates a greater species diversity. Likewise, the Shannon Index indicates more evenness in the distribution of individuals in a group when its value approaches 1.


Diversity: 0.903
Evenness: 0.988
Part Prominence
Old Testament (Vulgate) 6.651
Apocrypha (Douay-Rheims) 4.93
Old Testament (AKJV) 4.621
New Testament (Vulgate) 3.525
Old Testament (ODRV) 1.964
Old Testament (Douay-Rheims) -0.219
Old Testament (Geneva) -1.601
New Testament (Tyndale) -1.688
New Testament (Geneva) -2.725
New Testament (ODRV) -2.804
New Testament (AKJV) -4.094
Diversity: 0.978
Evenness: 0.995
Book Prominence
1 John (AKJV) 3.322
Proverbs (AKJV) 2.518
Joshua (AKJV) 1.818
Judges (Geneva) 1.809
Psalms (Vulgate) 1.795
Lamentations (Geneva) 1.739
Judges (AKJV) 1.723
Matthew (Vulgate) 1.688
1 Kings (Douay-Rheims) 1.685
Lamentations (AKJV) 1.642
Exodus (ODRV) 1.627
Ezekiel (Douay-Rheims) 1.621
2 Timothy (Geneva) 1.619
Revelation (Tyndale) 1.582
Galatians (Tyndale) 1.546
1 Samuel (AKJV) 1.542
James (Geneva) 1.539
1 John (Geneva) 1.5
2 Timothy (AKJV) 1.429
1 Peter (Geneva) 1.379
Genesis (Geneva) 1.349
James (AKJV) 1.315
Jeremiah (AKJV) 1.308
Ecclesiasticus (Douay-Rheims) 1.283
Acts (ODRV) 1.273
Ecclesiastes (AKJV) 1.212
Psalms (AKJV) 1.14
Acts (AKJV) 1.127
1 Corinthians (Tyndale) 1.088
John (Tyndale) 1.083
2 Corinthians (AKJV) 1.066
Isaiah (Geneva) 1.055
Proverbs (Geneva) 1.03
Romans (Tyndale) 0.974
Job (AKJV) 0.967
John (ODRV) 0.905
Matthew (Tyndale) 0.875
Matthew (Geneva) 0.799
1 Corinthians (ODRV) 0.771
Psalms (ODRV) 0.75
Romans (ODRV) 0.71
1 Corinthians (Geneva) 0.689
Isaiah (AKJV) 0.678
Romans (Geneva) 0.501
Matthew (AKJV) 0.446
1 Corinthians (AKJV) 0.393
Psalms (Geneva) 0.146
Romans (AKJV) 0.118
Diversity: 0.98
Evenness: 0.969
Chapter Prominence
Psalms 46 (AKJV) 9.418
Psalms 9 (AKJV) 2.031
1 John 5 (Geneva) 2.019
Proverbs 3 (AKJV) 2.009
1 John 4 (AKJV) 1.993
Psalms 73 (AKJV) 1.978
Psalms 119 (AKJV) 1.885
Psalms 45 (Vulgate) 1.052
Ezekiel 32 (Douay-Rheims) 1.051
Psalms 45 (ODRV) 1.05
Psalms 150 (Geneva) 1.048
1 Samuel 18 (AKJV) 1.045
Joshua 10 (AKJV) 1.045
Jeremiah 16 (AKJV) 1.043
Psalms 75 (ODRV) 1.043
Revelation 19 (Tyndale) 1.04
Ecclesiasticus 23 (Douay-Rheims) 1.039
1 Kings 17 (Douay-Rheims) 1.037
Exodus 3 (ODRV) 1.036
1 Samuel 17 (AKJV) 1.036
Isaiah 28 (Geneva) 1.031
Matthew 8 (AKJV) 1.023
Judges 5 (Geneva) 1.023
Acts 16 (AKJV) 1.022
Isaiah 26 (Geneva) 1.021
Isaiah 28 (AKJV) 1.02
Acts 17 (ODRV) 1.017
Proverbs 11 (Geneva) 1.017
Romans 11 (Tyndale) 1.017
Galatians 6 (Tyndale) 1.016
Matthew 6 (Vulgate) 1.013
Psalms 107 (Geneva) 1.013
Romans 9 (Tyndale) 1.012
Acts 7 (AKJV) 1.011
John 9 (ODRV) 1.011
Psalms 76 (AKJV) 1.01
Psalms 104 (Geneva) 1.01
Job 13 (AKJV) 1.01
Genesis 2 (Geneva) 1.007
Judges 5 (AKJV) 1.006
Lamentations 5 (AKJV) 1.006
John 11 (Tyndale) 1.005
John 20 (ODRV) 1.002
Psalms 55 (AKJV) 1.002
Psalms 34 (Geneva) 1.002
Psalms 25 (AKJV) 1.001
2 Corinthians 10 (AKJV) 1.0
Romans 9 (Geneva) 1.0
1 Corinthians 1 (Tyndale) 0.996
John 18 (ODRV) 0.995
Romans 9 (ODRV) 0.993
James 4 (Geneva) 0.991
Romans 11 (Geneva) 0.99
John 8 (Tyndale) 0.987
1 Corinthians 2 (Tyndale) 0.986
Psalms 73 (Geneva) 0.985
1 Corinthians 1 (ODRV) 0.984
1 Peter 3 (Geneva) 0.981
Romans 15 (AKJV) 0.981
1 John 2 (Geneva) 0.98
Psalms 50 (AKJV) 0.98
Ecclesiastes 9 (AKJV) 0.976
2 Corinthians 1 (AKJV) 0.976
Psalms 18 (AKJV) 0.971
Matthew 25 (Tyndale) 0.971
2 Timothy 4 (AKJV) 0.97
Romans 15 (ODRV) 0.97
1 Corinthians 7 (Geneva) 0.966
James 4 (AKJV) 0.963
Romans 9 (AKJV) 0.962
Psalms 34 (AKJV) 0.959
Lamentations 3 (Geneva) 0.959
2 Timothy 4 (Geneva) 0.959
Matthew 25 (AKJV) 0.953
Matthew 6 (Geneva) 0.953
1 Corinthians 2 (AKJV) 0.946
1 Corinthians 2 (Geneva) 0.946
Romans 11 (AKJV) 0.942
Matthew 23 (AKJV) 0.94
Lamentations 3 (AKJV) 0.939
Psalms 119 (Geneva) 0.927
Diversity: 0.983
Evenness: 0.973
Verse Prominence
Psalms 46.1 (AKJV) 8.469
1 John 4.4 (AKJV) 1.884
Proverbs 3.5 (AKJV) 1.883
1 John 5.17 (Geneva) 1.876
Psalms 119.67 (AKJV) 1.875
Psalms 9.10 (AKJV) 1.873
Psalms 73.25 (AKJV) 1.842
Psalms 45.2 (ODRV) 0.943
Ecclesiasticus 23.24 (Douay-Rheims) 0.943
Matthew 6.32 (Geneva) 0.943
1 Corinthians 2.3 (Geneva) 0.943
Acts 16.13 (AKJV) 0.943
Jeremiah 16.19 (AKJV) 0.943
Revelation 19.10 (Tyndale) 0.943
1 Peter 3.2 (Geneva) 0.943
John 11.37 (Tyndale) 0.943
Psalms 150.2 (Geneva) 0.943
1 Samuel 18.27 (AKJV) 0.943
Judges 5.21 (AKJV) 0.943
Ezekiel 32.20 (Douay-Rheims) 0.943
Psalms 45.2 (Vulgate) 0.943
Acts 17.24 (ODRV) 0.942
Psalms 18.4 (AKJV) 0.942
1 Corinthians 1.26 (ODRV) 0.942
Isaiah 28.15 (Geneva) 0.942
Psalms 25.2 (AKJV) 0.942
James 4.15 (Geneva) 0.942
James 4.16 (AKJV) 0.942
Proverbs 11.7 (Geneva) 0.942
Isaiah 26.4 (Geneva) 0.942
Psalms 75.10 (ODRV) 0.942
John 18.6 (ODRV) 0.942
Lamentations 5.7 (AKJV) 0.942
Matthew 23.32 (AKJV) 0.942
Psalms 55.16 (AKJV) 0.941
Ecclesiastes 9.1 (AKJV) 0.941
Psalms 104.18 (Geneva) 0.941
1 Corinthians 2.3 (AKJV) 0.941
Isaiah 28.15 (AKJV) 0.941
Galatians 6.7 (Tyndale) 0.941
1 Kings 17.50 (Douay-Rheims) 0.941
Joshua 10.13 (AKJV) 0.941
John 8.23 (Tyndale) 0.941
Romans 11.34 (Geneva) 0.94
Psalms 18.48 (AKJV) 0.94
Matthew 8.8 (AKJV) 0.94
Lamentations 3.25 (AKJV) 0.94
Romans 9.20 (Tyndale) 0.94
1 Corinthians 1.27 (ODRV) 0.94
Romans 11.36 (Tyndale) 0.94
John 9.31 (ODRV) 0.94
1 Samuel 17.37 (AKJV) 0.94
Romans 9.18 (AKJV) 0.939
Lamentations 3.24 (Geneva) 0.939
Psalms 119.67 (Geneva) 0.939
1 Peter 3.3 (Geneva) 0.938
1 Corinthians 2.5 (Geneva) 0.938
Romans 9.16 (Geneva) 0.938
Lamentations 3.26 (AKJV) 0.938
1 Corinthians 2.5 (AKJV) 0.937
Romans 15.13 (AKJV) 0.937
Psalms 18.2 (AKJV) 0.936
Psalms 119.75 (AKJV) 0.936
Psalms 34.19 (Geneva) 0.936
Psalms 107.34 (Geneva) 0.936
Genesis 2.17 (Geneva) 0.935
Romans 9.15 (ODRV) 0.935
Romans 11.36 (AKJV) 0.935
1 Corinthians 1.27 (Tyndale) 0.934
Exodus 3.2 (ODRV) 0.934
John 20.22 (ODRV) 0.933
1 Corinthians 2.14 (Tyndale) 0.933
Judges 5.20 (Geneva) 0.933
Acts 7.48 (AKJV) 0.932
Matthew 25.46 (Tyndale) 0.931
Psalms 50.15 (AKJV) 0.931
Matthew 6.11 (Geneva) 0.931
2 Corinthians 10.17 (AKJV) 0.931
Job 13.15 (AKJV) 0.931
1 Corinthians 7.31 (Geneva) 0.93
1 John 2.15 (Geneva) 0.928
Psalms 76.10 (AKJV) 0.928
Ecclesiastes 9.2 (AKJV) 0.928
2 Corinthians 1.10 (AKJV) 0.927
Psalms 34.19 (AKJV) 0.926
Matthew 25.46 (AKJV) 0.925
Psalms 73.25 (Geneva) 0.924
Romans 15.4 (ODRV) 0.924
2 Timothy 4.8 (Geneva) 0.923
Matthew 6.33 (Vulgate) 0.917
2 Timothy 4.8 (AKJV) 0.917
Romans 11.33 (AKJV) 0.906
Segment No., Location Verse & Version Verse Text Text Is a Partial Textual Segment/Note Adjacent References Cosine Similarity Score Cross Encoder Score Okapi BM25 Score



Citations
i
The index of citation indicates its position within the text of the segment or a particular note of the segment. For example, if 'Note 0' (i.e., the first note) of this segment has three citations, the citation with index 0 is its first citation, inclusive of all its parsed components.

Diversity: 0.5
Evenness: 1.0
Part Prominence
Old Testament 2.666
New Testament 1.805
Diversity: 0.97
Evenness: 1.0
Book Prominence
Esther 2.575
Amos 2.353
Lamentations 2.337
Joshua 2.155
Judges 1.933
2 Chronicles 1.794
2 Kings 1.712
Daniel 1.695
Numbers 1.602
1 John 1.596
2 Timothy 1.588
1 Kings 1.554
James 1.523
Ezekiel 1.426
1 Samuel 1.248
Galatians 1.211
1 Timothy 1.193
Ecclesiastes 1.074
Exodus 0.915
Revelation 0.904
Deuteronomy 0.9
Jeremiah 0.789
Job 0.788
2 Corinthians 0.728
Genesis 0.405
Proverbs -0.017
Acts -0.173
John -0.176
1 Corinthians -0.26
Isaiah -0.351
Romans -0.924
Matthew -1.15
Psalms -2.141
Diversity: 0.987
Evenness: 0.999
Chapter Prominence
Isaiah 26 2.418
Joshua 8 1.271
Esther 7 1.265
Psalms 60 1.259
Jeremiah 16 1.256
Judges 20 1.252
2 Kings 7 1.245
Joshua 10 1.24
1 Samuel 18 1.238
Judges 7 1.232
Genesis 37 1.231
2 Chronicles 36 1.23
Ezekiel 9 1.226
Psalms 76 1.225
2 Kings 19 1.223
Psalms 46 1.218
Psalms 44 1.213
1 Samuel 17 1.213
Amos 6 1.211
Job 13 1.21
Psalms 62 1.204
Revelation 19 1.2
1 Kings 21 1.2
Exodus 3 1.194
Psalms 104 1.191
Exodus 12 1.189
Psalms 25 1.188
Deuteronomy 33 1.188
Daniel 6 1.186
Numbers 14 1.185
Exodus 14 1.181
Deuteronomy 4 1.178
Isaiah 28 1.178
John 18 1.176
Psalms 107 1.171
Job 5 1.165
Psalms 34 1.148
Lamentations 3 1.148
Psalms 139 1.148
Proverbs 30 1.145
Exodus 32 1.139
Psalms 78 1.138
Revelation 22 1.137
Genesis 2 1.132
Acts 16 1.13
Judges 5 1.129
Psalms 18 1.126
1 Timothy 3 1.124
Matthew 15 1.121
Ecclesiastes 9 1.116
Job 1 1.114
1 John 4 1.111
2 Corinthians 1 1.109
Proverbs 3 1.101
Psalms 73 1.1
John 11 1.094
James 4 1.085
Psalms 9 1.078
Romans 9 1.077
Romans 11 1.076
2 Timothy 4 1.075
2 Corinthians 6 1.059
2 Timothy 2 1.044
1 Corinthians 2 1.04
John 6 1.035
Genesis 3 1.014
Matthew 23 1.002
Matthew 11 1.002
Galatians 5 0.997
Matthew 10 0.987
Acts 2 0.98
Acts 17 0.96
Matthew 6 0.955
Matthew 25 0.912
Psalms 119 0.886
1 Corinthians 15 0.847
Romans 8 0.68
Diversity: 0.99
Evenness: 0.999
Verse Prominence
Isaiah 26.4 2.008
Genesis 37.19 1.01
1 Samuel 18.22 1.01
Judges 20.40 1.01
Deuteronomy 4.30 1.009
Deuteronomy 4.31 1.009
Jeremiah 16.19 1.009
John 11.37 1.009
Exodus 12.37 1.009
Psalms 78.12 1.009
Judges 7.13 1.009
John 18.5 1.009
Psalms 60.9 1.009
Psalms 104.18 1.009
Deuteronomy 4.29 1.008
Matthew 15.32 1.008
Numbers 14.16 1.008
Proverbs 30.26 1.008
Psalms 62.6 1.008
Psalms 62.7 1.008
1 Corinthians 2.3 1.007
Acts 16.13 1.007
Psalms 25.2 1.007
2 Kings 7.7 1.007
Judges 5.21 1.007
Exodus 32.12 1.007
Matthew 11.17 1.007
Exodus 3.3 1.007
Psalms 62.5 1.007
1 Samuel 17.34 1.007
1 Samuel 17.35 1.007
Psalms 139.13 1.006
Deuteronomy 33.16 1.006
Psalms 44.8 1.006
Lamentations 3.24 1.005
Matthew 10.17 1.005
Exodus 12.38 1.005
Exodus 32.11 1.005
Amos 6.7 1.005
Revelation 22.9 1.005
Psalms 44.7 1.005
James 4.13 1.004
John 18.6 1.004
Matthew 23.32 1.004
Ezekiel 9.5 1.004
1 Timothy 3.5 1.004
Revelation 19.10 1.004
Psalms 62.8 1.004
Acts 17.24 1.003
Matthew 25.32 1.003
2 Kings 7.6 1.003
Job 5.6 1.003
Ezekiel 9.6 1.003
Matthew 6.32 1.003
1 Kings 21.29 1.003
Proverbs 3.5 1.002
Job 1.9 1.002
Psalms 73.24 1.001
Amos 6.1 1.001
1 Timothy 3.4 1.001
Psalms 44.6 1.001
Romans 9.15 1.0
Psalms 119.67 1.0
Joshua 10.12 1.0
Amos 6.3 1.0
Exodus 3.2 1.0
Psalms 73.26 0.999
1 John 4.4 0.999
Psalms 76.10 0.998
2 Kings 19.35 0.998
Isaiah 26.3 0.998
Psalms 107.34 0.998
Psalms 9.10 0.997
Joshua 10.13 0.997
Job 5.7 0.997
2 Timothy 2.12 0.997
Psalms 34.19 0.996
2 Corinthians 1.10 0.996
Ecclesiastes 9.1 0.995
Isaiah 28.15 0.995
Psalms 46.1 0.994
Job 13.15 0.994
Judges 5.20 0.994
Romans 11.36 0.994
2 Corinthians 6.4 0.993
2 Chronicles 36.16 0.993
Romans 8.35 0.992
Amos 6.6 0.992
Exodus 14.25 0.991
Romans 8.33 0.99
John 6.5 0.99
Romans 8.34 0.988
Psalms 73.25 0.987
Ezekiel 9.4 0.987
Galatians 5.17 0.985
Romans 11.33 0.976
2 Timothy 4.7 0.964
Matthew 6.33 0.962
Segment No., Location Possible Citation Adjacent References Phrase